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- Backman, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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The Changing Landscape of Sport Facilities : Consequences for Practitioners and the Environment
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sport, Performance and Sustainability. - London : Routledge. - 9781003283324 - 9781032254630 ; , s. 50-65
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The environmental impact of sports facilities has received increasing attention over the last decades. However, studies within this area primarily deal with how the actual construction of sports facilities affects the environment. We know far less about how an active presence in sports facilities influences sporting practitioners’ thoughts about their own environmental impact. Therefore, this chapter critically discusses environmental issues connected to sports facilities generally and more specifically in relation to artificial sports facilities. We use several theoretical concepts to discuss the current research with examples taken from the artificial landscapes of cross-country skiing, canoe slalom, and turf-based sports. What makes artificial sports facilities especially interesting from an environmental perspective is the ambiguity they involve. On one hand, the actual constructions involve direct interventions in nature. On the other hand, there is a lack of knowledge about the impact these facilities have on health, environmental awareness, and travel. We argue that future sports facilities will need to stimulate more logic than competition if sport and outdoor recreation is to be environmentally sustainable. The process of sportification, which has prioritised the growth of sport economies and encouraged ever higher performance levels, would need to shift its focus to incorporate environmental concerns.
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| 2. |
- Backman, Erik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Where does environmental sustainability fit in the changing landscapes of outdoor sports? : An analysis of logics of practice in artificial sport landscapes
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sport, Education and Society. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1357-3322 .- 1470-1243. ; 28:6, s. 727-740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental sustainability in sport is an increasingly important issue. In this paper, we want to highlight a specific phenomenon, namely artificially constructed landscapes and the outdoor sport activities that take place therein. More specifically, we are interested in the logics that govern peoples’ practice of sport in such artificial landscapes and what challenges with regards to environmental sustainability that follow from these logics. The purpose of this paper is to identify what individual athletes perceive as meaningful logics when practicing sport in artificial landscapes and to analyse and discuss potential environmental consequences of these logics. The sports we focus on are cross-country skiing and canoe slalom, two sports that historically have been dependent on specific geographies and contexts. We build on two research questions: What logics of practice govern individual athletes’ practice of sport in artificial landscapes? And what environmental challenges are potential consequences of the logics that are expressed by the athletes? Our findings indicate that the logic of performance is dominant for the sport practitioners who train in artificial landscapes, at the expense of perspectives such as nature experience and environmental sustainability. If performance is key, then the role of the training landscape is also first and foremost to present the best possible conditions for performance. But if the athlete/exerciser see their training as a means of experiencing nature, then other values than performance and comparability can become more important. When the environmental impact of individual athletes and of the artificial landscapes in which they do their training come under increased scrutiny, the role of logics of practice in the sport and movement culture needs further attention. Being aware of nature and the environment is also a logic that could be found meaningful in the process of making sports more sustainable.
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| 3. |
- Fred, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Little pieces of a large puzzle - sustainable change through evaluation impact
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The implementation of the eight Swedish ERDF programmes involves a large number of projects in which innovative and entrepreneurial environments are developed and regional attractiveness is enhanced. Many projects show good results in terms of new initiatives, new methods and new forms of collaboration between academia, business and public agencies, but also in terms of new businesses and jobs created. The projects, and the regional ERDF programmes funding the projects, are expected to be in line with the revised Lisbon Strategy, the Europe 2020 Strategy and the Swedish national strategy for regional competitiveness, entrepreneurship and employment 2007– 2013. It is therefore important to describe and analyze the projects in the Swedish ERDF programmes as little pieces of a large puzzle involving far-reaching ambitions, not least regarding prerequisites for innovation and growth. From this perspective, the impact of ongoing evaluation on strengthening the project’s abilities and efforts to create sustainable change is of great interest. The concept of ongoing evaluation was introduced for the current programming period and around 120 major projects in the Swedish ERDF programmes have made use of it. In the study on which this report is based, we conducted a systematic review of final evaluation reports from ongoing evaluations at project level in Sweden. The empirical base of the study includes half of the existing ongoing project evaluations. As a complement to the review of reports, we also conducted seven case studies in order to obtain a deeper understanding of the projects, their ability to achieve longterm effects and the role of the ongoing evaluations. The analysis was carried out by using three mechanisms for sustainable change, namely, active ownership, collaboration and developmental learning. The study has shown that ongoing evaluation is still an immature ’profession’ and the reports reveal varying degrees of quality in the performance of the evaluations. In some cases the efforts of the evaluators have contributed to important improvements in the projects, while in other cases the evaluator’s efforts can be seen as a traditional monitoring of objectives and short-term results. A learning – interactive and supportive – evaluation is important, because many projects struggle with significant problems concerning, e.g. organization, steering and efforts in relation to overall objectives. But the study has also demonstrated that many successful projects do not only exhibit expected quantitative results, but also appear to create sustainable change in line with regional, national and EU strategies. The seven case studies presented in the report illustrate how ongoing evaluation has helped to improve the projects and generate long-term effects.
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| 4. |
- Kothari, Simple Futarmal, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on altered perception of One's own face
- 2020
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Ingår i: Brain Stimulation. - : Elsevier. - 1935-861X .- 1876-4754. ; 13:3, s. 554-561
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Chronic orofacial pain (COP) patients often perceive the painful face area as "swollen" without clinical signs; such self-reported illusions of the face are termed perceptual distortion (PD). The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PD remain elusive.OBJECTIVE: To test the neuromodulatory effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on PD in healthy individuals, to gain insight into the cortical mechanisms underlying PD.METHODS: PD was induced experimentally by injections of local anesthetic (LA) around the infraorbital nerve and measured as perceived size changes of the affected area. Participants were randomly allocated to inhibitory rTMS (n = 26) or sham rTMS (n = 26) group. The participants rated PD at baseline, 6 min after LA, immediately, 20 and 40 min after rTMS. The rTMS (inhibitory and sham) was applied to face (lip) representation area of primary somatosensory cortex (SI) as an intervention at 10 min after the LA, when the magnitude of PD is large. As inhibitory rTMS, continuous theta-burst stimulation paradigm (50 Hz) for 40s was employed to inhibit cortical activity.RESULTS: We demonstrated a significant decrease in the magnitude of PD immediately and 20 min after the application of inhibitory rTMS compared with sham rTMS (P < 0.006). In two control experiments, we also showed that peripheral muscle stimulation and stimulation of a cortical region other than the lip representation area had no effect on the magnitude of the PD.CONCLUSIONS: Inhibitory rTMS applied to a somatotopical-relevant cortical region modulates PD of the face in healthy individuals and could potentially have therapeutic implications for COP patients.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Svensson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction : Balancing performance and environmental sustainability
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sport, Performance and Sustainability. - Abingdon, Oxon & New York : Routledge. - 9781003283324 ; , s. 1-18
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growth of sports and the increasing levels of participation, performance, and international competition are undeniable. This development has undoubtedly contributed to the tremendous growth of the sports economy during the last 100 years, as well as an impressive increase in results and performance levels in most sports. It is in turn linked to the comprehensive competition logic that drives sportification of performance and practice in predominantly Western sport, rooted in the cultivation of able bodies, and maximum performance. However, as sports have developed in tandem with the global industrial economy it is also facing similar problems. Over the last decade, sport organisations, supporters, athletes, scholars, and others have begun to problematise the consequences of an ever-growing sports economy and the constant strive for increasing performance levels, growing events, and intensified travel. This introduction will present an overview of how the logics of practice guided by performance, and the sportification model, are linked to potentially problematic aspects of sports in relation to the environment. We pose questions about whether sportification and a strong focus on increasing performance can go hand in hand with a sustainable development.
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| 8. |
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Teori och politik : – straffrätt i omvandling
- 2022
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Något har hänt med kriminalpolitiken. Brott och straff står högt på den politiska agendan hos såväl regeringen som oppositionen. Kriminalpolitiken hör till väljarnas viktigaste frågor. Brottsligheten får ett allt större utrymme i media. Reformtakten på det straffrättsliga området har accelererat. I den här boken tar tolv yngre svenska straffrättsforskare pulsen på den samtida kriminalpolitiken. Genom de olika bidragen belyses några av de mest omstridda platserna på den straffrättspolitiska kartan. Boken säger därigenom något om det kriminalpolitiska och straffrättsteoretiska landskapet vid början av 2020-talet. Sedda tillsammans behandlar de olika bidragen teman som kriminalpolitiska utvecklingstendenser, straffrättsvetenskapens roll, relationen melln teori, politik och dogmatik - och inte minst hur man ska förstå de straffrättsteoretiska premisserna i en föränderlig tid.
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