| 1. |
- Claesson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Defibrillation before EMS arrival in western Sweden
- 2017
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Emergency Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0735-6757 .- 1532-8171. ; 35:8, s. 1043-1048
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Bystanders play a vital role in public access defibrillation (PAD) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Dual dispatch of first responders (FR) alongside emergency medical services (EMS) can reduce time to first defibrillation. The aim of this study was to describe the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in OHCAs before EMS arrival.METHODS: All OHCA cases with a shockable rhythm in which an AED was used prior to the arrival of EMS between 2008 and 2015 in western Sweden were eligible for inclusion. Data from the Swedish Register for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (SRCR) were used for analysis, on-site bystander and FR defibrillation were compared with EMS defibrillation in the final analysis.RESULTS: Of the reported 6675 cases, 24% suffered ventricular fibrillation (VF), 162 patients (15%) of all VF cases were defibrillated before EMS arrival, 46% with a public AED on site. The proportion of cases defibrillated before EMS arrival increased from 5% in 2008 to 20% in 2015 (p<0.001). During this period, 30-day survival increased in patients with VF from 22% to 28% (p=0.04) and was highest when an AED was used on site (68%), with a median delay of 6.5min from collapse to defibrillation. Adjusted odds ratio for on-site defibrillation versus dispatched defibrillation for 30-day survival was 2.45 (95% CI: 1.02-5.95).CONCLUSIONS: The use of AEDs before the arrival of EMS increased over time. This was associated with an increased 30-day survival among patients with VF. Thirty-day survival was highest when an AED was used on site before EMS arrival.
|
|
| 2. |
- Hagelbäck, Johan, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Psychophysiological Interaction and Empathic Cognition for Human-robot Cooperative Work (PsyIntEC)
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Gearing Up and Accelerating Cross‐fertilization between Academic and Industrial Robotics Research in Europe. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319038377 - 9783319038384 ; , s. 283-299
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the PsyIntEC project is to explore affective and cognitive modeling of humans in human-robot interaction (HRI) as a basis for behavioral adaptation. To achieve this we have explored human affective perception of relevant modalities in human-human and human-robot interaction on a collaborative problem-solving task using psychophysiological measurements. The experiments conducted have given us valuable insight into the communicational and affective queues interplaying in such interactions from the human perspective. The results indicate that there is an increase in both positive and negative emotions when interacting with robots compared to interacting with another human or solving the task alone, but detailed analysis on shorter time segments is required for the results from all sensors to be conclusive and significant.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Bonnedahl, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase (ESBL) CTX-M Genotypes in Franklin Gulls from Canada and Chile
- 2015
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Migratory birds have been suggested to contribute to long-distance dispersal of antimicrobial resistant bacteria, but tests of this hypothesis are lacking. In this study we determined resistance profiles and genotypes of ESBL-producing bacteria in randomly selected Escherichia coli from Franklin's gulls (Leucophaeus pipixcan) at breeding sites in Canada and compared with similar data from the gulls' wintering grounds in Chile. Resistant E. coli phenotypes were common, most notably to ampicillin (30.1%) and cefadroxil (15.1%). Furthermore, 17.0% of the gulls in Canada carried ESBL producing bacteria, which is higher than reported from human datasets from the same country. However, compared to gulls sampled in Chile (30.1%) the prevalence of ESBL was much lower. The dominant ESBL variants in Canada were bla(CTX-M-14) and bla(CTX-M-15) and differed in proportions to the data from Chile. We hypothesize that the observed differences in ESBL variants are more likely linked to recent exposure to bacteria from anthropogenic sources, suggesting high local dissemination of resistant bacteria both at breeding and non-breeding times rather than a significant trans-hemispheric exchange through migrating birds.
|
|
| 5. |
- Davidsson, Paul, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparing approaches to predict transmembrane domains in protein sequences
- 2005
-
Ingår i: ProceedingSAC '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Applied computing. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Press. - 1581139640 ; , s. 185-189
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are today several systems for predicting transmembrane domains in membrane protein sequences. As they are based on different classifiers as well as different pre- and post-processing techniques, it is very difficult to evaluate the performance of the particular classifier used. We have developed a system called MemMiC for predicting transmembrane domains in protein se-quences with the possibility to choose between different ap-proaches to pre- and post-processing as well as different classifiers. Therefore it is possible to compare the performance of each classifier in a certain environment as well as the different approaches to pre- and post-processing. We have demonstrated the usefulness of MemMiC in a set of experiments, which shows, e.g., that the performance of a classifier is very dependent on which pre- and post-processing techniques are used.
|
|
| 6. |
- Frid, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
EMA-based head movements and phrasing : a preliminary study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: - Gothenburg : University of Gothenburg. ; , s. 17-20, s. 17-20
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper we describe present work on multimodal prosody by means of simultaneous recordings of articulation and head movements. Earlier work has explored patterning, usage and machine-learning based detection of focal pitch accents, head beats and eyebrow beats through audiovisual recordings. Kinematic data obtained through articulography allows for more comparable and accurate measurements, as well as three-dimensional data. Therefore, our current approach involves examining speech and body movements concurrently, using electromagnetic articulography (EMA). We have recorded large amounts of this kind of data previously, but for other purposes. In this paper, we present results from a preliminary study on the interplay between head movements and phrasing and find tendencies for upward movements occuring before and downward movements occuring after prosodic boundaries.
|
|
| 7. |
- Frid, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
EMA-based head movements, word accent and vowel length
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Book of Abstracts MMSYM 2019. - : University of Leuven. ; , s. 11-11
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes on-going work in the field of multimodal prosody carried out by means of simultaneous recordings of speech acoustics, articulation and head movements. People naturally move their heads when they speak, and head movements have been found both to correlate strongly with the pitch and amplitude of the speaker's voices and to convey linguistic information. Here, we report on a study that explores how head movement patterns vary and co-occur with lexical pitch accents (and their acoustic correlates F0 and intensity) and vowel length. The study uses data from Swedish, where there are both two lexical pitch accents and two vowel lengths that differ phonologically.We use EMA (Electromagnetic articulography), which allows for high sample rates, accurate synchronisation of kinematic and acoustic recordings, as well as three-dimensional movement data. Kinematic data is obtained by gluing small sensors on the speakers’ articulators (tongue, lips, jaw). Head movement data is obtained by similar sensors on the nose ridge and behind the ears, which allows us to capture the angle of the tilt of the head.Articulatory data was collected from 18 South Swedish speakers (12 female) using a Carstens AG501. Each speaker read leading questions + sentences containing a target word from a prompter (presented eight times in random order), an arrangement employed to put a contrastive focus onto the last element in the target sentence. This left the target word in a low-prominence inducing context, hence controlling for possible effects of sentence intonation.For this study we used eight target words where pitch accent and vowel length were cross- matched so that there were two cases of each combination of word accent category and vowel length category. All words shared the similar word-initial C /m/, followed by a vowel that was either /a/ or /ɑ:/. The target words were segmented and time-normalized between 0 to 1 and the head tilt angle (sagAng) was normalized for each speaker by z-transforming the angles per speaker. Spatial movements were analysed using Generalized Additive Models, which we used to test if there were effects of segmental position (C versus V in the first syllable), word accent (1 or 2) and vowel length (short or long) on sagAng. Models were fit using the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation method.The Chi-Square test on the ML scores indicates that a model with the word accent distinction is significantly better than a model without it (X2(4.00)=632.796, p<2e-16***). Similarly, a model with vowel length distinction is significantly better than a model without it (X2(4.00)=820.997, p<2e-16***). Finally, a model with segmental position is significantly better than a model without it (X2(8.00)= 173.316, p<2e-16***).The results indicate that head nod patterns that occur in synchronisation with the stressed syllable of spoken words differ with respect to word accent, vowel length and segmental position. This could possibly point to an effect of F0 and intensity on the head nod movements.
|
|
| 8. |
- Frid, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
EMA-based head movements, word accents, vowel length and segments : a preliminary study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings from FONETIK 2019 Stockholm, June 10-12, 2019. - Stockholm : Stockholm University. - 9789177979845 - 9789177979852 ; , s. 125-126
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study describes on-going work in the field of multimodal prosody carried out by means of simultaneous recordings of speech acoustics, articulation and head movements.
|
|
| 9. |
- Frid, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Investigating visual prosody using articulography
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 4th Conference. - : CEUR-WS.org. ; 2364
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we describe present work on multimodal prosody by means of simultaneous recordings of articulation and head movements. Earlier work has explored patterning, usage and machine-learning based detection of focal pitch accents, head beats and eyebrow beats through audiovisual recordings. Kinematic data obtained through articulography allows for more compa- rable and accurate measurements, as well as three-dimensional data. Therefore, our current approach involves examining speech and body movements concurrently, using electromagnetic articulography (EMA). We have recorded large amounts of this kind of data previously, but for other purposes. In this paper, we present results from a study on the interplay between head movements and phrasing and find tendencies for upward movements occuring before and downward movements occuring after prosodic boundaries.
|
|
| 10. |
- Frid, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards classification of head movements in audiovisual recordings of read news
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th European and 7th Nordic Symposium on Multimodal Communication (MMSYM 2016). - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 1650-3740 .- 1650-3686. - 9789176854235 ; , s. 4-9
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we develop a system for detection of word-related head movements in audiovisu-al recordings of read news. Our materials consist of Swedish television news broadcasts and comprise audiovisual recordings of five news readers (two female, three male). The corpus was manually labelled for head movement, applying a simplistic annotation scheme consisting of a binary decision about absence/presence of a movement in relation to a word. We use OpenCV for frontal face detection and based on this we calculate velocity and acceleration features. Then we train a machine learning system to predict absence or presence of head movement and achieve an accuracy of 0.892, which is better than the baseline. The system may thus be helpful for head movement labelling.
|
|
