| 1. |
- Bjärstig, Therese, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Between protocol and reality : Swedish municipal comprehensive planning
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Planning Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0965-4313 .- 1469-5944. ; 26:1, s. 35-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spatial planning using a landscape approach has been recognized as being essential for reconciling ecological, cultural and socioeconomic dimensions in sustainable development (SuD). Although embraced as a concept, there is a lack of planning tools capable of incorporating multi-level, multifunctional and multi-sectoral perspectives, especially in a rural context. The departure point in this paper is the legal requirements for municipal comprehensive planning (MCP) in Sweden and an e-mail survey about incentives, stakeholder involvement, policy integration and implementation in MCP in all 15 Swedish mountain municipalities. The purpose of this explorative study is to examine whether MCP could be a tool in planning for SuD. Results indicate a general lack of resources and a low status of MCP that affect, and even limit, stakeholder involvement, policy integration and implementation. However, legal requirements for MCP are targeted at SuD, and municipal personnel responsible for planning appreciate the potential of MCP. Therefore, there is potential to develop the MCP into an effective landscape planning tool. To accomplish this, the status of an active planning process has to be raised, the mandate of the local planning agency has to be secured, and residents and land users have to be involved throughout the planning process.
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| 2. |
- Blicharska, Malgorzata, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Shades of grey challenge practical application of the Cultural Ecosystem Services concept
- 2017
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Ingår i: Ecosystem Services. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-0416 .- 2212-0416. ; 23, s. 55-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite rapid advances in development of the ecosystem services (ES) concept, challenges remain for its use in decision making. Cultural ES (CES) have proven particularly difficult to pin down and resultant “shades of grey” impede their consideration by decision-makers. This study undertakes a literature review of CES to highlight the shades of grey, briefly illustrates findings by reference to the Swedish mountain landscape, then addresses potential implications for practical decision making. The concept of CES is complex and difficult to operationalize. The root of confusion appears to be a lack of rigour in identifying CES, hindering identification of proper methods for determining: the ecosystem elements that underpin CES; the beneficiaries of CES and how they value benefits delivered; and how CES may vary in space and time. We conclude by proposing a framework of questions, which we relate to the ES cascade model, that is intended to help researchers and decision-makers to reflect when considering CES. Answers to the questions should enable decision-makers to prioritise policy development or implementation in relation to the differing needs of potentially competing beneficiaries and what needs to be done or not done to the ecosystem, where, when and by whom.
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| 3. |
- Christensen, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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The NILS (National Inventory of Landscapes in Sweden) approach to spatiotemporal landscape conditions and habitat biodiversity
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Climate change, changing views on land use priorities and other current events has created extraordinary challenges for strategic and operational approaches to landscape use, management and governance. The demand is increasing for up-to-date, applicable and timely data regarding landscape-level biodiversity, as is the need to integrate long-term data series with cause-and-effect oriented research. The NILS-program (National Inventory of Landscapes in Sweden, Swedish Environmental Protection Agency) is developed to monitor conditions and changes in landscape biodiversity and land use, as basic input to national and international reporting frameworks and applied research. NILS has been in operation since 2003 with two combined inventory routes, field inventory and interpretation of color infrared aerial photos, both using quantitative variables in a context-dependent flow that captures spatial information on species, habitats, structures and processes. The design is a stratified grid of 631 study units covering all terrestrial habitats in Sweden, where each unit includes plots from 0.25 m2 to 25 000 m2 to allow overlay of information on configuration on various scales and resolution. Experiences indicate that the NILS monitoring infrastructure allows for inclusion of supplementary inventories on other geographical scales or thematic directions, e.g., for assessing ecosystem services and green infrastructure for evaluating favorable conservation status according to the EU Habitats Directive. Data from the NILS-program can add to our understanding of the role and function of landscapes with respect to ecological integrity and long-term maintenance of biodiversity hotspots, and, thus, to contribute to advancing the Swedish model for sustainable forest management
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| 4. |
- Hedblom, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Landscape perception : linking physical monitoring data to perceived landscape properties
- 2020
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Ingår i: Landscape research. - : Routledge. - 0142-6397 .- 1469-9710. ; 45:2, s. 179-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes in the landscape affect not only people’s well-being but also how people perceive and use the landscape. An increasing number of policies have highlighted the importance of conserving a landscape’s recreational and aesthetical values. This study develops and evaluates a model that links people’s perceptions of a mountain landscape to physical monitoring data. Using a questionnaire, we revealed how respondents working with the Swedish mountains characterise the Magnificent Mountain landscape (as defined by Swedish policy objectives) and translated these characteristics into data from the National Inventory of Landscapes in Sweden (NILS). We found 14 potential indicators that could be derived from the existing NILS physical monitoring data and which could be used to monitor changes in the landscape values as perceived by people. Based on the results, we suggest how to simultaneously utilise field sampling of physical data and field photos to provide temporal information about landscape perception.
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| 5. |
- Sandström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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On the decline of ground lichen forests in the Swedish boreal landscape: Implications for reindeer husbandry and sustainable forest management
- 2016
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Ingår i: AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 45, s. 415-429
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lichens are a bottleneck resource for circumpolar populations of reindeer, and as such, for reindeer husbandry as an indigenous Sami land-use tradition in northern Sweden. This study uses ground lichen data and forest information collected within the Swedish National Forest Inventory since 1953, on the scale of northern Sweden. We found a 71% decline in the area of lichen-abundant forests over the last 60years. A decline was observed in all regions and age classes and especially coincided with a decrease of >60year old, open pine forests, which was the primary explanatory factor in our model. The effects of reindeer numbers were inconclusive in explaining the decrease in lichen-abundant forest. The role that forestry has played in causing this decline can be debated, but forestry can have a significant role in reversing the trend and improving ground lichen conditions.
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| 6. |
- Sandström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Participatory GIS to mitigate conflicts between reindeer husbandry and forestry in Vilhelmina Model Forest, Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Forestry Chronicle. - : Canadian Institute of Forestry. - 0015-7546 .- 1499-9315. ; 88, s. 254-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve communication between reindeer-herders and other land users, we developed and implemented a system to produce reindeer husbandry plans together with Sami reindeer-herding communities. A central component of our communications strategy was the introduction and use of a participatory GIS (pGIS). We evaluated the potential and limitations of pGIS as a tool for collaborative learning. We concluded that by merging traditional and scientific knowledge in a pGIS, the process of spatial communication has contributed to a more inclusive planning process, and to improved knowledge-sharing. Furthermore, the process has contributed to a more efficient long-term perspective where land use planning focuses on key areas but with solutions applied to the landscape. The Model Forest offered an appropriate platform to facilitate the process.
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| 7. |
- Sandström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Participatory GIS to mitigate conflicts between reindeer husbandry and forestry in Vilhelmina Model Forest, Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Forestry Chronicle. - 0015-7546. ; 88:3, s. 254-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve communication between reindeer-herders and other land users, we developed and implemented a system to produce reindeer husbandry plans together with Sami reindeer-herding communities. A central component of our communications strategy was the introduction and use of a participatory GIS (pGIS). We evaluated the potential and limitations of pGIS as a tool for collaborative learning. We concluded that by merging traditional and scientific knowledge in a pGIS, the process of spatial communication has contributed to a more inclusive planning process, and to improved knowledge-sharing. Furthermore, the process has contributed to a more efficient long-term perspective where land use planning focuses on key areas but with solutions applied to the landscape. The Model Forest offered an appropriate platform to facilitate the process.
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| 8. |
- Sandström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Samebyarnas renbruksplaner bidrar till miljöövervakning
- 2015
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Ingår i: Skog & mark : om tillståndet i svensk landmiljö. 2015. - 9789162012984 ; , s. 28-31
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fjäll- och skogslandskapen i norra Sverige har påverkats av markanvändning under lång tid, inte minst av samernas renskötsel. Inom renskötselområdet, som omfattar mer än halva Sveriges landareal, finns 50 procent av den produktiva skogsmarksarealen, 77 procent av myrarna och 99 procent av fjällarealen. För att underlätta planering och samverkan mellan renskötsel och annan markanvändning tog samerna initiativ till en process som ledde till upprättandet av så kallade renbruksplaner, som nu funnits i närmare 15 år.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Svensson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Landscape trajectory of natural boreal forest loss as an impediment to green infrastructure
- 2019
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Ingår i: Conservation Biology. - : Wiley. - 0888-8892 .- 1523-1739. ; 33:1, s. 152-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Loss of natural forests by forest clearcutting has been identified as a critical conservation challenge worldwide. This study addressed forest fragmentation and loss in the context of the establishment of a functional green infrastructure as a spatiotemporally connected landscape-scale network of habitats enhancing biodiversity, favorable conservation status, and ecosystem services. Through retrospective analysis of satellite images, we assessed a 50- to 60-year spatiotemporal clearcutting impact trajectory on natural and near-natural boreal forests across a sizable and representative region from the Gulf of Bothnia to the Scandinavian Mountain Range in northern Fennoscandia. This period broadly covers the whole forest clearcutting period; thus, our approach and results can be applied to comprehensive impact assessment of industrial forest management. The entire study region covers close to 46,000 km2 of forest-dominated landscape in a late phase of transition from a natural or near-natural to a land-use modified state. We found a substantial loss of intact forest, in particular of large, contiguous areas, a spatial polarization of remaining forest on regional scale where the inland has been more severely affected than the mountain and coastal zones, and a pronounced impact on interior forest core areas. Salient results were a decrease in area of the largest intact forest patch from 225,853 to 68,714 ha in the mountain zone and from 257,715 to 38,668 ha in the foothills zone, a decrease from 75% to 38% intact forest in the inland zones, a decrease in largest patch core area (assessed by considering 100-m patch edge disturbance) from 6114 to 351 ha in the coastal zone, and a geographic imbalance in protected forest with an evident predominance in the mountain zone. These results demonstrate profound disturbance of configuration of the natural forest landscape and disrupted connectivity, which challenges the establishment of functional green infrastructure. Our approach supports the identification of forests for expanded protection and conservation-oriented forest landscape restoration.
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