| 1. |
- Berggren, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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PEDOT : PSS-Based Electrochemical Transistors for Ion-to-Electron Transduction and Sensor Signal Amplification
- 2008. - 1
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In: Organic Semiconductors in Sensor Applications. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783540763147 - 9783540763130 - 9783642095177 ; , s. 263-280
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The chapter reports the use of organic electrochemical transistors in sensor applications. These transistors are excellent ion-to-electron transducers and can serve as very sensitive transducers in amperometric sensor applications. To further improve their sensitivity, we outline various amplification circuits all realized in organic electrochemical transistors.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Karlsson, Beatrice, et al.
(author)
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Quasispecies dynamics and molecular evolution of human norovirus capsid P region during chronic infection
- 2009
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In: Journal of General Virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 90:2, s. 432-441
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this novel study, we have for the first time identified evolutionarily conserved capsid residues in an individual chronically infected with norovirus (GGII.3). From 2000 to 2003, a total of 147 P1-1 and P2 capsid sequences were sequenced and investigated for evolutionarily conserved and functionally important residues by the evolutionary trace (ET) algorithm. The ET algorithm revealed more absolutely conserved residues (ACR) in the P1-1 domain (47/53, 88 %) as compared with the P2 domain (86/133, 64 %). The capsid P1-1 and P2 domains evolved in time-dependent manner, with a distinct break point observed between autumn/winter of year 2000 (isolates P1, P3 and P5) and spring to autumn of year 2001 (isolates P11, P13 and P15), which presumably coincided with a change of clinical symptoms. Furthermore, the ET analysis revealed a similar receptor-binding pattern as reported for Norwalk and VA387 strains, with the CS-4 and CS-5 patch (Norwalk strain) including residues 329 and 377 and residues 306 and 310, respectively, all being ACR in all partitions. Most interesting was that residues 343, 344, 345, 374, 390 and 391 of the proposed receptor A and B trisaccharide binding site (VA387 strain) within the P2 domain remained ACR in all partitions, presumably because there was no selective advantage to alter the histo blood group antigens (HBGA) receptor binding specificity. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights to the evolutionary process of norovirus during chronic infection.
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| 4. |
- Rajani, Rupesh, et al.
(author)
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Budd-Chiari syndrome in Sweden : epidemiology, clinical characteristics and survival - an 18-year experience
- 2009
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In: Liver international (Print). - Oxford : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 1478-3223 .- 1478-3231. ; 29:2, s. 253-259
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The exact incidence and prevalence of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is unknown in the general population. Published reports differ in terms of the clinical characteristics, effects of therapy and survival. AIMS: To investigate the epidemiology, clinical presentation and survival in patients with BCS. METHODS: Retrospective multicentre study in Sweden reviewing the medical records of all patients with BCS 1986-2003, identified from the computerised diagnosis database of 11 hospitals, including all university hospitals and liver transplantation centres. RESULTS: Forty-three patients with BCS were identified, of whom nine (21%) had concomitant portal vein thrombosis. The mean age-standardised incidence and prevalence rates in 1990-2001 were calculated to be 0.8 per million per year and 1.4 per million inhabitants respectively. Myeloproliferative disorders (38%), thrombophilic factors (31%) and oral contraceptives (30%) were common aetiological factors. Two or more risk factors were present in 44%. In 23%, no risk factor was evident. The median follow-up time was 2.7 years. Seventy-two percent were on anticoagulant therapy during follow-up. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting, surgical shunting procedures and liver transplantation were performed in 4, 6 and 18 patients respectively. Nineteen patients died. The overall transplantation-free survival at 1, 5 and 10 years was 47, 28 and 17% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare disorder; the mean age-standardised incidence and prevalence rates in Sweden in 1990-2001 were calculated to be 0.8 per million per year and 1.4 per million inhabitants respectively. The presence of a myeloproliferative disorder was a common aetiological factor in our cohort and about half of the patients had a multifactorial aetiology. The transplantation-free survival was poor.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Robinson, Nathaniel D, 1973-, et al.
(author)
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On the Current Saturation Observed in Electrochemical Polymer Transistors
- 2006
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In: Journal of the Electrochemical Society. - : The Electrochemical Society. - 0013-4651 .- 1945-7111. ; 153, s. 39-44
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Electrochemical transistors based on conjugated polymers are proposed as a path to printed electronics on paper. The electrochemical doping/dedoping of conjugated polymers clearly plays a role in the current vs potential (I-V) characteristics of these devices, however, the mechanism of current saturation (often referred to as pinch-off) is not clearly understood, and the relationship between electrochemical devices and field-effect transistors is unclear. This paper offers a semiempirical model of the steady-state behavior of electrochemical transistors and compares this model with experimental observations of potential and electrochromic measurements within a device to illustrate the science behind the functionality observed. ©2006 The Electrochemical Society
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| 7. |
- Rodriguez, Jesus, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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Design of a multiplex nested PCR for genotyping of the NSP4 from group A rotavirus
- 2008
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In: Journal of Virological Methods. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-0934 .- 1879-0984. ; 149:2, s. 240-245
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A novel PCR method was developed to discriminate amongst genotypes A-C of the rotavirus non-structural protein 4 (NSP4). Genotype-specific primers were designed that correctly identified the NSP4 genotype when evaluated as a multiplex PCR with cell culture adapted rotavirus strains. Rotavirus strains B223 SGIG6P6[1], NCDV SGIG6P6[1] and SA11 SGIG3P5B[2] were used as control for NSP4 genotype A, A34 SGIG5P14[23], Gottfried SGIIG4P2B[6] and Wa SGIIG1P1A[8] for NSP4 genotype B, RRV SGIG3P5B[3] for NSP4 genotype C. Subsequently, the same set of specific primers was used to genotype a set of 77 Swedish clinical samples. The results showed that all human clinical samples analyzed belong to the NSP4 genotype B and the VP6 subgroup II. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Rubilar-Abreu, Elba, et al.
(author)
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Serotype G9 rotavirus infections in adults in Sweden
- 2005
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In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 43:3, s. 1374-1376
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rotavirus is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis. By examining 1,517 stool samples collected in 2001 and 2002 from Swedish adults with acute diarrhea, rotavirus was found in 3.2%, with the emerging G9P[8] serotype being the one most commonly identified (42.9%). This is the first documentation of G9 infections in adults in Europe. Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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| 9. |
- Said, Elias, et al.
(author)
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Visualizing the Electric Field in Electrolytes Using Electrochromism from a Conjugated Polymer
- 2005
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In: Electrochemical and solid-state letters. - : The Electrochemical Society. - 1099-0062 .- 1944-8775. ; 8:2, s. H12-H16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Electrochromic polymer films, employed as display elements, smart windows, and the base material for electrochemical electronic devices, can be addressed solely through ionic transport via an electrolyte, without direct electronic connection as typically employed in the above examples. We present a demonstration of induced electrochromism to quantify the direction and magnitude of the electric field in an electrolyte using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrene-sulfonate. After further development, this simple yet effective technique will be potentially applicable for optimizing batteries and fuel cells, as the active detection element in electrochemical sensors and as a detector in ionic separation in electrolytes (electrophoresis).
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| 10. |
- Soria, Javier, et al.
(author)
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A counterexample to a weak-type estimate for potential spaces and tangential approach regions
- 2005
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In: Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society. - 1088-6826. ; 133:4, s. 1093-1099
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We show that for every potential space LK1(ℝ n), there exists an approach region for which the associated maximal function is of weak-type, but the boundedness for the completed region is false, which is in contrast with the nontangential case. © 2004 American Mathematical Society.
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