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| 2. |
- Granroth, Sari, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of interface properties of Ni/Cu multilayers by high kinetic energy photoelectron spectroscopy
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 80:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High kinetic-energy photoelectron spectroscopy (HIKE) or hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to investigate the alloying of Ni/Cu (100) multilayers. Relative intensities of the corelevels and their chemical shifts derived from binding energy changes are shown to give precise information on physicochemical properties and quality of the buried layers. Interface roughening, including kinetic properties such as the rate of alloying, and temperature effects on the processes can be analyzed quantitatively. Using HIKE, we have been able to precisely follow the deterioration of the multilayer structure at the atomic scale and observe the diffusion of the capping layer into the multilayer structure which in turn is found to lead to a segregation in the ternary system. This is of great importance for future research on multilayered systems of this kind. Our experimental data are supplemented by first-principles theoretical calculations of the core-level shifts for a ternary alloy to allow for modeling of the influence of capping materials on the chemical shifts.
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| 3. |
- Haberska, Karolina, et al.
(författare)
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Activity of lactoperoxidase when adsorbed on protein layers
- 2008
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Ingår i: Talanta. - : Elsevier. - 0039-9140 .- 1873-3573. ; 76:5, s. 1159-1164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lactoperoxidase (LPO) is an enzyme, which is used as an antimicrobial agent in a number of applications, e.g., food technology. In the majority of applications LPO is added to a homogeneous product phase or immobilised on product surface. In the latter case, however, the measurements of LPO activity are seldom reported. In this paper we have assessed LPO enzymatic activity on bare and protein modified gold surfaces by means of electrochemistry. It was found that LPO rapidly adsorbs to bare gold surfaces resulting in an amount of LPO adsorbed of 2.9 mg/m2. A lower amount of adsorbed LPO is obtained if the gold surface is exposed to bovine serum albumin, bovine or human mucin prior to LPO adsorption. The enzymatic activity of the adsorbed enzyme is in general preserved at the experimental conditions and varies only moderately when comparing bare gold and gold surface pretreated with the selected proteins. The measurement of LPO specific activity, however, indicate that it is about 1.5 times higher if LPO is adsorbed on gold surfaces containing a small amount of preadsorbed mucin in comparison to the LPO directly adsorbed on bare gold.
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| 4. |
- Jakobsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Reconstructing the Younger Dryas ice dammed lake in the Baltic Basin: Bathymetry, area and volume
- 2007
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Ingår i: Global and Planetary Change. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-6364 .- 0921-8181. ; 57:3-4, s. 355-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A digital 3D-reconstruction of the Baltic Ice Lake's (BIL) configuration during the termination of the Younger Dryas cold phase (ca. 11700 cal. yr BP) was compiled using a combined bathymetric-topographic Digital Terrain Model (DTM), Scandinavian ice sheet limits, Baltic Sea Holocene bottom sediment thickness information, and a paleoshoreline database maintained at the Lund University. The bathymetric-topographic DTM, assembled from publicly available data sets, has a resolution of 500 X 500 m on Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area projection allowing area and volume calculations of the BIL to be made with an unprecedented accuracy. When the damming Scandinavian ice sheet margin eventually retreated north of Mount Billingen, the high point in terrain of Southern central Sweden bordering to lower terrain further to the north, the BIL was catastrophically drained resulting in a 25 m drop of the lake level. With our digital reconstruction, we estimate that approximately 7800 km(3) of water drained during this event and that the ice dammed lake area was reduced by ca. 18%. Building on previous results suggesting drainage over 1 to 2 years, our lake volume calculations imply that the freshwater flux to the contemporaneous sea in the west was between about 0.12 and 0.25 Sv. The BIL reconstruction provides new detailed information on the paleogeography in the area of southern Scandinavia, both before and after the drainage event, with implications for interpretations of geological records concerning the post-glacial environmental development. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Valence Electronic Structure Of Ruthenium Based Complexes Probed By Photoelectron Spectroscopy At High Kinetic Energy (Hike) And Modeled By Dft Calculations
- 2008
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Ingår i: Chemical Physics Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-2614 .- 1873-4448. ; 464:4-6, s. 192-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The valence electronic structure of a series of molecular films containing ruthenium polypyridine complexes has been investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) at high kinetic energy (HIKE) using hard X-ray. The experiment shows the possibility to experimentally probe the metal contribution to the valence spectra in a bulk sensitive mode. Specifically to directly follow the Ru 4d contribution to the highest occupied molecular orbitals of such complexes. The experimental spectra are accurately modeled by DFT calculations only if a crystal structure environment is taken into account showing the importance of intermolecular interaction for modeling the electronic structure of such complexes.
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| 6. |
- Jormfeldt, Henrika
(författare)
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Dimensions of Health among Patients in Mental Health Services
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Empirical studies focusing on the subjective experience of health among patients in contact with the mental health services are rare and most questionnaires are based on a medical model that emphasizes objectively observed disease-oriented health indicators. In studies I and II perceptions of the concept of health among patients and nurses in mental health services were explored and described using a phenomenographic approach. The perceptions and description categories that emerged from these studies were transformed into a number of items forming a questionnaire intended to measure subjectively experienced health among patients in mental health services. In study III, a randomly selected sample was used to test the psychometric properties of the new Health Questionnaire. A factor analysis revealed three factors labelled Autonomy, Social Involvement and Comprehensibility. The purpose of study IV was to examine the construct validity of the Health Questionnaire. The hypothesis was that subjectively experienced health would be positively associated to self-esteem, empowerment and quality of life, and negatively associated to psychiatric symptoms, perceived stigmatization experiences and perceived attitudes of devaluation and discrimination. This hypothesis was mainly confirmed insofar that overall health was positively correlated to self-esteem, empowerment and quality of life and negatively correlated to symptoms, attitudes of devaluation and discrimination and rejection experiences. The results of this thesis show that health is more than just an absence of disease and support a focus on health promotion interventions in mental health care.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Rajani, Rupesh, et al.
(författare)
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Budd-Chiari syndrome in Sweden : epidemiology, clinical characteristics and survival - an 18-year experience
- 2009
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Ingår i: Liver international (Print). - Oxford : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 1478-3223 .- 1478-3231. ; 29:2, s. 253-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The exact incidence and prevalence of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is unknown in the general population. Published reports differ in terms of the clinical characteristics, effects of therapy and survival. AIMS: To investigate the epidemiology, clinical presentation and survival in patients with BCS. METHODS: Retrospective multicentre study in Sweden reviewing the medical records of all patients with BCS 1986-2003, identified from the computerised diagnosis database of 11 hospitals, including all university hospitals and liver transplantation centres. RESULTS: Forty-three patients with BCS were identified, of whom nine (21%) had concomitant portal vein thrombosis. The mean age-standardised incidence and prevalence rates in 1990-2001 were calculated to be 0.8 per million per year and 1.4 per million inhabitants respectively. Myeloproliferative disorders (38%), thrombophilic factors (31%) and oral contraceptives (30%) were common aetiological factors. Two or more risk factors were present in 44%. In 23%, no risk factor was evident. The median follow-up time was 2.7 years. Seventy-two percent were on anticoagulant therapy during follow-up. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting, surgical shunting procedures and liver transplantation were performed in 4, 6 and 18 patients respectively. Nineteen patients died. The overall transplantation-free survival at 1, 5 and 10 years was 47, 28 and 17% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare disorder; the mean age-standardised incidence and prevalence rates in Sweden in 1990-2001 were calculated to be 0.8 per million per year and 1.4 per million inhabitants respectively. The presence of a myeloproliferative disorder was a common aetiological factor in our cohort and about half of the patients had a multifactorial aetiology. The transplantation-free survival was poor.
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| 9. |
- Strom, Oskar, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term cost and effect on quality of life of osteoporosis-related fractures in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1745-3682 .- 1745-3674. ; 79:2, s. 269-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose Few economic or quality-of-life studies have investigated the long-term consequences of fragility fractures. This prospective observational data collection study assessed the cost and quality of life related to hip, vertebral, and wrist fracture 13-18 months after the fracture, based on 684 patients surviving 18 months after fracture. Patients and methods Data regarding resource use and quality of life related to fractures was collected using questionnaires at 7 research centers in Sweden. Information was collected using patient records, register sources, and by asking the patient. Quality of life was estimated using the EQ-5D questionnaire. Direct and indirect costs were estimated from a societal standpoint. Results The mean fracture-related cost 13-18 months after a hip, vertebral, or wrist fracture were estimated to be (sic)2,422, (sic)3,628, and (sic)316, respectively. Between 12 and 18 months after hip, vertebral, and wrist fracture, utility increased by 0.03, 0.05, and 0.02, respectively. Compared to prefracture levels, the mean loss in quality of life between 13 and 18 months after fracture was estimated to be 0.05, 0.11, and 0.005 for hip, vertebral, and wrist fracture. Interpretation The sample of vertebral fracture patients was fairly small and included a high proportion of fractures leading to hospitalization, but the results indicate higher long-term costs and greater loss in quality of life related to vertebral fracture than previously believed.
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| 10. |
- Thorven, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A homozygous nonsense mutation (428G ->A) in the human secretor (FUT2) gene provides resistance to symptomatic norovirus (GGII) infections
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Virology. - 0022-538X .- 1098-5514. ; 79:24, s. 15351-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Noroviruses (formerly Norwalk-like viruses) are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide and are associated with a significant number of nosocomial and food-borne outbreaks. In this study we show that the human secretor FUT2 gene, which codes for an alpha(1,2)-fucosyltransferase synthesizing the H-type 1 antigen in saliva and mucosa, is associated with susceptibility to norovirus infections. Allelic polymorphism characterization at nucleotide 428 for symptomatic (n = 53) and asymptomatic (n = 62) individuals associated with nosocomial and sporadic norovirus outbreaks revealed that homozygous nonsense mutation (428G-->A) in FUT2 segregated with complete resistance for the disease. Of all symptomatic individuals, 49% were homozygous (SeSe) and 51% heterozygous (Sese428) secretors, and none were secretor negative (se428se428), in contrast to 20% nonsecretors (se428se428) among Swedish blood donors (n = 104) (P < 0.0002) and 29% for asymptomatic individuals associated with nosocomial outbreaks (P < 0.00001). Furthermore, saliva from secretor-positive and symptomatic patients but not from secretor-negative and asymptomatic individuals bound the norovirus strain responsible for that particular outbreak. This is the first report showing that the FUT2 nonsecretor (se428se428) genotype is associated with resistance to nosocomial and sporadic outbreaks with norovirus.
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