| 1. |
- Avby, Gunilla
(författare)
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Evidence in practice : On knowledge use and learning in social work
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Against the backdrop of the transformations in the entire framing of professional work, social work has come under close scrutiny in many countries, including Sweden. Doubts have been raised about practitioners’ existing knowledge base, and the importance of practitioners engaging in learning and the renewal and extension of professional capacities has been emphasized.The present thesis concerns knowledge use and learning in the daily practices of child investigation work. The aim is to explore processes of knowledge use and learning in practice. The study is based on a mix of qualitative approaches, basically from ethnography, comprising methods such as participant observations, interviews, reflective dialogues and documentary analysis of case data.The main findings demonstrate that investigation work is characterized mainly by the use of practice-based knowledge. Research-based knowledge is predominantly used as a means of explaining a client’s situation or to underpin and legitimize one’s own beliefs and decisions made on other grounds. Professional learning is largely adaptive in character, as the social workers learn to handle tasks in a fairly routinized way on the basis of rules or procedures that draw on existing knowledge in the practice setting.Two conclusions are drawn: First, the use of knowledge in child investigation work bears little resemblance to principles of evidence-based practice. Second, the reproduction of professional knowledge is largely implicit and taken for granted. The study offers insight into the much-discussed topic of putting knowledge into practice, which is of importance to strategies for organizing profes sional learning and knowledgeable practice.
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| 2. |
- Aili, Carola, et al.
(författare)
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Research on teachers' professional lives : time to build a research network. Paper presented at NERA's 31st Congress, 6-9 March, Copenhagen
- 2003
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Teachers’ work has during the last ten years gone through great changes. The effects of postmodern society has made the work more and morecomplex and difficult to handle and understand for those involved as well as outsiders. Researchers are trying to keep up with things. The developmentof knowledge of teachers’ work takes place on different levels, in separate disciplines, from various starting-points and with different foci.To be able to describe, understand and explain the »new« work of teachers in a vigorous way there is need of getting these research initiativestogether. Arenas should be established where interchanges and coordination between researchers could take place. In order to make this happen wehave the intention of building a Swedish (our aim is to expand the network to the Nordic countries after the establishment in Sweden) network ofresearch on teachers’ professional lives.Besides presenting the intention and design of our network we also bring along some examples of research projects in line with the network ideas.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Per, 1964-
(författare)
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Att studera och bli bedömd : Empiriska och teoretiska perspektiv på gymnasie- och vuxenstuderandes sätt att erfara studier och bedömningar
- 2000
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation is focussing on students’ experiences of assessments, which means that the assessments are related to studying. The assessments particularly investigated are the main types of assessments used in the application and selection for higher education in Sweden – the grading in schools on secondary level, and the Swedish Scholastic Aptitude Test (SweSAT).The literature review is an analysis of previous knowledge, resulting in a model of orientations to studying.The empirical investigation consists of interviews with 100 students in upper secondary school, municipal adult education and folk high schools. The interviews are analysed with a phenomenographic approach, and the analysis results in categories describing ways of experiencing what it means to study, ways of experiencing the grades, and the SweSAT. In addition to this, the analysis gives a description of relations between components within categories, relations between categories, and relations between phenomena.The main patterns in the students’ experiences of the assessments are the following: The different categories, describing the experiences of the assessments per se, are focussing on assessment of performance, assessment of personal qualities (including developed knowledge), or uncertainty in relation to the assessment. There are four main aspects of the students’ experiences of the value of assessments, i.e., the relation to future plans, the relation to the student’s personal context, the possibility to influence your result, and the relation to other assessments used in the selection.The final result of the empirical investigation is a reconstructed model of five orientations to studying, where the empirical results are integrated with previous knowledge. The five categories are the knowledge orientation, the duty orientation, the participation orientation, the qualification orientation, and the resistance orientation. These orientations are also described as adaptive and/or non-adaptive in relation to the demands of the education.A further analysis in relation to three social science perspectives shows how assessments can contribute to the colonization of the educational lifeworld, how assessments can be seen as instruments of discipline, and how assessments can be seen as disembedding mechanisms.
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| 4. |
- Axelsson, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Multi-level Social Learning for Sustainable Landscapes : Perspective of a Development Initiative in Bergslagen, Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 42:2, s. 241-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To implement policies about sustainable landscapes and rural development necessitates social learning about states and trends of sustainability indicators, norms that define sustainability, and adaptive multi-level governance. We evaluate the extent to which social learning at multiple governance levels for sustainable landscapes occur in 18 local development initiatives in the network of Sustainable Bergslagen in Sweden. We mapped activities over time, and interviewed key actors in the network about social learning. While activities resulted in exchange of experiences and some local solutions, a major challenge was to secure systematic social learning and make new knowledge explicit at multiple levels. None of the development initiatives used a systematic approach to secure social learning, and sustainability assessments were not made systematically. We discuss how social learning can be improved, and how a learning network of development initiatives could be realized.
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| 5. |
- Brulin, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Partssamverkan för effektiva produktionssystem och tillväxt
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Den hållbara svenska modellen. - Stockholm : SNS förlag. - 9789186949181 ; , s. 69-89
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den svenska modellen lever - trots stora omvälvningar, kriser och strukturomvandlingar. Här skildras hur arbetsorganisation, effektivitet i svensk industri och olika innovationssystem har utvecklats inom ramen för en övergripande svensk modell under efterkrigstidens alltmer globaliserade värld. Genom att belysa historiens roll lyfts centrala framtidsfrågor fram, som vilken roll bland annat management och kringliggande institutionella faktorer kan spela för innovationspotentialen i svenskt näringsliv framöver. Den svenska modellen i en vidare tolkning har uppvisat en stor överlevnadsförmåga, men frågan om innovationer förblir central för dess framtid.
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| 6. |
- Brulin, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Policy Programmes to promote Entrepreneurship and Innovation : A study of the art, design and impact issues
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 56:th ISCB world conference. - 9780981902838 ; , s. 1-11
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Europe 2020 strategy EU puts forward three mutually reinforcing priorities smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. A main driving force are innovation programmes. Our understanding of programme-drivingwill always be tentative but can be improved. Analysis of programmedriving provides an alternative way of tackling the problem. It is an approach that enhances the understanding – contextually, practically and theoretically. Rather than heading for final, concrete and onedimensionaloften quantitative knowledge we should get used to the fact that our understanding always will be fragmentary and imperfect though, on a higher level! Knowledge on innovation programme-driving should improve innovation institutions/practices/ethos in different respects.
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| 7. |
- Bucardo, Filemon, et al.
(författare)
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Low Prevalence of Rotavirus and High Prevalence of Norovirus in Hospital and Community Wastewater after Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine in Nicaragua
- 2011
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 6:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) are major causes of pediatric diarrhea and are altogether associated with approximately 800,000 deaths in young children every year. In Nicaragua, national RV vaccination program using the pentavalent RV5 vaccine from Merck was implemented in October 2006. To determine whether RV vaccination decreased the overall number of RV infections, we investigated the occurrence of RV and NoV in wastewater in the city of Leon from July 2007 to July 2008 and compared these data with pre-vaccination data. The major finding was the low prevalence of RV compared to NoV in all sampling points (11% vs 44%, pandlt;0.05), and that RV concentration was lower as compared to NoV. RV was observed mainly during the rainy season (July-September), and the majority of all RV detected (6/9) belonged to subgroup (SG) I. The partial VP7-gene obtained from one RV positive sample was similar (99% nt identity) to a G6 VP7-gene of bovine origin and similar to the corresponding gene of the vaccine strain (98%). Furthermore RV G-types 2 and 4 were found in the incoming wastewater. NoV strains were detected throughout the year, of which a majority (20/21) were of genotype GII.4. We conclude that the introduction of RV vaccination reduced the transmission of RV in the community in Nicaragua. However, the burden of diarrhea in the country remains high, and the high prevalence of NoVs in hospital and municipal wastewater is noteworthy. This study highlights the need for further assessment of NoV following RV vaccine introduction.
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| 8. |
- Bucardo, Filemon, et al.
(författare)
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Pediatric norovirus diarrhea in Nicaragua
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 46:8, s. 2573-2580
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information about norovirus (NoV) infections in Central America is limited. Through a passive community and hospital pediatric diarrhea surveillance program, a total of 542 stool samples were collected between March 2005 and February 2006 in León, Nicaragua. NoV was detected in 12% (65/542) of the children; of these, 11% (45/409) were in the community and 15% (20/133) were in the hospital, with most strains (88%) belonging to genogroup II. NoV infections were age and gender associated, with children of <2 years of age (P < 0.05) and girls (P < 0.05) being most affected. Breast-feeding did not reduce the number of NoV infections. An important proportion (57%) of NoV-infected children were coinfected with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. A significant proportion (18/31) of NoV-positive children with dehydration required intravenous rehydration. Nucleotide sequence analysis (38/65) of the N-terminal and shell region in the capsid gene revealed that at least six genotypes (GI.4, GII.2, GII.4, GII.7, GII.17, and a potentially novel cluster termed "GII.18-Nica") circulated during the study period, with GII.4 virus being predominant (26/38). The majority (20/26) of those GII.4 strains shared high nucleotide homology (99%) with the globally emerging Hunter strain. The mean viral load was approximately 15-fold higher in children infected with GII.4 virus than in those infected with other G.II viruses, with the highest viral load observed for the group of children infected with GII.4 and requiring intravenous rehydration. This study, the first of its type from a Central American country, suggests that NoV is an important etiological agent of acute diarrhea among children of <2 years of age in Nicaragua.
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| 9. |
- Ellström, Per-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Pedagogik i arbetslivet : ett historiskt perspektiv
- 2005
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Ingår i: Pedagogisk forskning i Sverige. - 1401-6788 .- 2001-3345. ; 10:3/4, s. 162-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I denna artikel ges en bild av hur forskningen om pedagogik i arbetslivet utvecklats i Sverige och vilka områden den har rört. Även om de områden som här urskiljs delvis går in i varandra representerar områdena relativt tydligt olika fokuseringar. I och med att utbildning, lärande och kompetensutveckling i arbets-livet kom att bli ett pedagogiskt forskningsområde tillfördes inte enbart ny kunskap till vår förståelse av människan i arbetslivet. Arbetslivspedagogisk forskning berikar också pedagogikämnet genom att ge ett breddat underlag för teori och metodut-veckling inom ämnet. Villkoren för lärande som ett allmänt kunskapsområde ges genom denna forskning en tydligare plats inom pedagogiken.
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| 10. |
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