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- Lagerqvist, B, et al.
(författare)
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FRISC score for selection of patients for an early invasive treatment strategy in unstable coronary artery disease
- 2005
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Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 91:8, s. 1047-1052
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To develop a scoring system for risk stratification and evaluation of the effect of an early invasive strategy for treatment of unstable coronary artery disease (CAD). Design: Retrospective analysis of a randomised study (FRISC II; fast revascularisation in instability in coronary disease). Setting: 58 Scandinavian hospitals. Patients: 2457 patients with unstable CAD from the FRISC II study. Main outcome measures: One year rates of mortality and death/myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to an early invasive or a non-invasive strategy. From the non-invasive cohort independent variables of death or death/MI were identified. Results: Seven factors, age > 70 years, male sex, diabetes, previous MI, ST depression, and increased concentrations of troponins and markers of inflammation (interleukin 6 or C reactive protein), were associated with an independent increased risk for death or death/MI. In patients with ≥ 5 of these factors the invasive strategy reduced mortality from 15.4% (20 of 130) to 5.2% (7 of 134) (risk ratio (RR) 0.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15 to 0.78, p = 0.006). Death/MI was also reduced in patients with 3–4 factors from 15.7% (80 of 511) to 10.8% (58 of 538) (RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.94, p = 0.02). Neither death nor death/MI was reduced in patients with 0–2 risk factors. Conclusion: In unstable CAD, this scoring system based on factors independently associated with an adverse outcome can be used shortly after admission to the hospital for risk stratification and for selection of patients to an early invasive treatment strategy.
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- Tubaro, M., et al.
(författare)
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Pre-hospital treatment of STEMI patients. A scientific statement of the working group acute cardiac care of the European society of cardiology
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acute Cardiac Care. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1748-2941 .- 1748-295X. ; 13:2, s. 56-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) the pre-hospital phase is the most critical, as the administration of the most appropriate treatment in a timely manner is instrumental for mortality reduction. STEMI systems of care based on networks of medical institutions connected by an efficient emergency medical service are pivotal. The first steps are devoted to minimize the patients delay in seeking care, rapidly dispatch a properly staffed and equipped ambulance to make the diagnosis on scene, deliver initial drug therapy and transport the patient to the most appropriate (not necessarily the closest) cardiac facility. Primary PCI is the treatment of choice, but thrombolysis followed by coronary angiography and possibly PCI is a valid alternative, according to patients baseline risk, time from symptoms onset and primary PCI-related delay. Paramedics and nurses have an important role in pre-hospital STEMI care and their empowerment is essential to increase the eff ectiveness of the system. Strong cooperation between cardiologists and emergency medicine doctors is mandatory for optimal pre-hospital STEMI care. Scientific societies have an important role in guideline implementation as well as in developing quality indicators and performance measures; health care professionals must overcome existing barriers to optimal care together with political and administrative decision makers.
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- Wallentin, L, et al.
(författare)
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The low-molecular-weight heparin dalteparin as adjuvant therapy in acute myocardial infarction : The ASSENT PLUS study
- 2001
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Ingår i: Clinical Cardiology. - 0160-9289 .- 1932-8737. ; 24:3, s. I12-I14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid reperfusion of an infarct-related artery reduces the extent of myocardial damage and improves survival in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Currently, anticoagulant treatment with unifractionated heparin (UFH) is used as adjuvant therapy to fibrinolytic treatment. The low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) dalteparin is at least as effective as UFH in unstable coronary artery disease. The ASSENT PLUS trial was carried out to evaluate whether dalteparin is as effective as UFH as an adjunct to recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and aspirin in obtaining patency and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI)-3 flow in patients with AMI. The primary assessment of this phase II trial was TIMI now, determined by coronary angiography. Patients with ST-elevation MI were randomized to receive aspirin and either rt-PA and UFH for 48 h, or rt-PA and dalteparin for 4 to 7 days. Evaluation was by TIMI flow after 4 to 7 days and clinical events (death, reinfarction, or revascularization) up to 30 days. There was a clear trend toward greater TIMI 3 flow with dalteparin compared with UFH. There was significantly less TIMI0-1 flow or thrombus in the dalteparin group. Bleeding rates were similar. The occurrence of reinfarction was reduced during dalteparin treatment. These findings suggest that dalteparin could be substituted for UFH as an adjunct to rt-PA/aspirin in the management of patients with AMI.
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