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- Bellström, Peter, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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On the Importance of Visualizing in Programming Education
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems V. 5 Human Computer Interaction. - : SciTePress. - 9789898425089 ; , s. 131-136
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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- Bergh Thorén, Fredrik, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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A hepatitis C virus-encoded, nonstructural protein (NS3) triggers dysfunction and apoptosis in lymphocytes: role of NADPH oxidase-derived oxygen radicals
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of leukocyte biology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0741-5400 .- 1938-3673. ; 76:6, s. 1180-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The persistent infection caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) is presumably explained by a deficient immune response to the infection, but the basis for the inefficiency of immune-mediated virus eradication is not known in detail. This study addresses mechanisms of relevance to dysfunction of cytotoxic lymphocytes in HCV infection, with a focus on the role of phagocyte-derived oxygen radicals. We show that NS3, a nonstructural, HCV-encoded protein, induces a prolonged release of oxygen radicals from mononuclear and polymorphnuclear phagocytes by activating a key enzyme in radical formation, the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase. The NS3-activated phagocytes, in turn, induced dysfunction and/or apoptosis in three major subsets of lymphocytes of relevance to defense against HCV infection: CD3+/56- T cells, CD3-/56+ natural killer (NK) cells, and CD3+/56+ NKT cells. Two inhibitors of the NADPH oxidase, histamine and diphenylene iodonium, suppressed the NS3-induced oxygen radical production and efficiently protected lymphocytes against NS3-induced apoptosis and dysfunction. In conclusion, we propose that NS3, by triggering oxygen radical formation in phagocytes, may contribute to the dysfunction of antiviral lymphocytes in HCV-infected liver tissue and that strategies to circumvent oxidative stress may be useful in preventing HCV-associated carcinogenesis and facilitating lymphocyte-mediated clearance of infected cells.
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- Bergh Thorén, Fredrik, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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The anionic amphiphile SDS is an antagonist for the human neutrophil formyl peptide receptor 1.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biochemical pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2968 .- 0006-2952. ; 80:3, s. 389-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The anionic amphiphil sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is commonly used to activate the superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase complex in cell-free systems, but very little is known about the effects of SDS on intact cells. It was, however, recently shown that SDS causes a translocation and an activation of Rac (a small G-protein) in intact cells, but this signal is not in its own sufficient to activate the oxidase (Nigorikawa et al. (2004) [1]). We found that SDS acted as an antagonist for FPR1, one of the neutrophil members of the formyl peptide receptor family. Accordingly, SDS reduced superoxide anion production induced by the chemoattractant formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF). The receptor specificity of SDS was fairly high, but the concentration range in which it worked was narrow. The length of the carbohydrate chain as well as the charge of the molecule was of importance for the antagonistic effects. Signaling through FPR2, a closely related receptor also expressed in neutrophils, was not inhibited by SDS. On the contrary, the response induced by the FPR2-specific agonist WKYMVM was primed by SDS. The precise mechanism behind the primed state is not known, but might be related to the effects earlier described for SDS on the small G-protein Rac, that is of importance for a proper transduction of the down-stream signals from the occupied receptor.
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- Bülow, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Adrenal incidentaloma - follow-up results from a Swedish prospective study
- 2006
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Ingår i: European journal of endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0804-4643 .- 1479-683X. ; 154:3, s. 419-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To examine the risk of developing adrenal carcinomas and clinically overt hypersecreting tumours during short-term follow-up in patients with adrenal incidentalomas. DESIGN: 229 (98 males and 131 females) patients with adrenal incidentalomas were investigated in a prospective follow-up study (median time 25 months; range 3-108 months). The patients were registered between January 1996 and July 2001 and followed until December 2004. Twenty-seven Swedish hospitals contributed with follow-up results. METHODS: Diagnostic procedures were undertaken according to a protocol including reinvestigation with computed tomography scans after 3-6 months, 15-18 months and 27-30 months, as well as hormonal evaluation at baseline and after 27-30 months of follow-up. Operation was recommended when the incidentaloma size increased or if there was a suspicion of a hypersecreting tumour. RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis of the 229 patients included in the follow-up study was 64 years (range 28-84 years) and the median size of the adrenal incidentalomas when discovered was 2.5 cm (range 1-8 cm). During the follow-up period, an increase in incidentaloma size of > or =0.5 cm was reported in 17 (7.4%) and of > or =1.0 cm was reported in 12 (5.2%) of the 229 patients. A decrease in size was seen in 12 patients (5.2%). A hypersecreting tumour was found in 2% of the hormonally investigated patients: Cushing's syndrome (n = 2) and phaeochromocytoma (n = 1). Eleven patients underwent adrenalectomy, but no cases of primary adrenal malignancy were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with adrenal incidentaloma had a low risk of developing malignancy or hormonal hypersecretion during a short-term follow-up period.
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- Edlund, Peter, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Från ideal till golv : Marknadsliknande reformer i mötet med dagens äldreomsorg
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Marknadsliknande reformer i början av 1990-talet innebar att svensk offentlig sektor genomgick en omvälvande transformation där statligt centraliserad styrning med likvärdighet och standardisering som ledstjärnor till stor del byttes ut mot kommunalt delegerad styrning med valfrihet och effektivitet som grundläggande principer. I denna rapport använder vi oss av organisationsteori för att studera hur 1990-talets reformer 30 år senare tar sig uttryck inom dagens äldreomsorg. Vårt fokus ligger framförallt på hur dessa reformer idag manifesteras i mötet med de som kan sägas vara äldreomsorgens kärnfigurer –den personal som arbetar på äldreboenden. Vi studerar detta möte genom intervjuer med vårdande, administrerande och ledande personal bland offentliga, privata och ideella äldreboenden i två svenska kommuner åren 2018-2019. Vår nästintill självklara utgångspunkt är att reformer förändras under deras väg från den politiska nivån (”idealet”) till den verksamhetsnära nivån (”golvet”). De uttryck som det tidiga 1990-talets marknadsliknande reformer tar sig i mötet med nutida personal på äldreboenden är dock en öppen empirisk fråga, vilken vi undersöker utifrån tre sammankopplade perspektiv: konkurrens, identitet och ansvar.
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