| 1. |
- Antonsson, Malin, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Post-surgical effects on language in patients with presumed low-grade glioma
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314. ; 137:5, s. 469-480
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Low-grade glioma (LGG) is a slow-growing brain tumour often situated in or near areas involved in language and/or cognitive functions. Thus, language impairments due to tumour growth or surgical resection are obvious risks. We aimed to investigate language outcome following surgery in patients with presumed LGG, using a comprehensive and sensitive language assessment. Materials and methods: Thirty-two consecutive patients with presumed LGG were assessed preoperative, early post-operative, and 3 months post-operative using sensitive tests including lexical retrieval, language comprehension and high-level language. The patients’ preoperative language ability was compared with a reference group, but also with performance at post-operative controls. Further, the association between tumour location and language performance pre-and post-operatively was explored. Results: Before surgery, the patients with presumed LGG performed worse on tests of lexical retrieval when compared to a reference group (BNT: LGG-group median 52, Reference-group median 54, P = .002; Animals: LGG-group mean 21.0, Reference-group mean 25, P = 001; Verbs: LGG-group mean 17.3, Reference-group mean 21.4, P = .001). At early post-operative assessment, we observed a decline in all language tests, whereas at 3 months there was only a decline on a single test of lexical retrieval (Animals: preoperative. median 20, post-op median 14, P = .001). The highest proportion of language impairment was found in the group with a tumour in language-eloquent areas at all time-points. Conclusions: Although many patients with a tumour in the left hemisphere deteriorated in their language function directly after surgery, their prognosis for recovery was good.
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| 2. |
- Antonsson, Malin, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-operative language ability in patients with presumed low-grade glioma
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuro-Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-594X .- 1573-7373. ; 137:1, s. 93-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In patients with low-grade glioma (LGG), language deficits are usually only found and investigated after surgery. Deficits may be present before surgery but to date, studies have yielded varying results regarding the extent of this problem and in what language domains deficits may occur. This study therefore aims to explore the language ability of patients who have recently received a presumptive diagnosis of low-grade glioma, and also to see whether they reported any changes in their language ability before receiving treatment. Twenty-three patients were tested using a comprehensive test battery that consisted of standard aphasia tests and tests of lexical retrieval and high-level language functions. The patients were also asked whether they had noticed any change in their use of language or ability to communicate. The test scores were compared to a matched reference group and to clinical norms. The presumed LGG group performed significantly worse than the reference group on two tests of lexical retrieval. Since five patients after surgery were discovered to have a high-grade glioma, a separate analysis excluding them were performed. These analyses revealed comparable results; however one test of word fluency was no longer significant. Individually, the majority exhibited normal or nearly normal language ability and only a few reported subjective changes in language or ability to communicate. This study shows that patients who have been diagnosed with LGG generally show mild or no language deficits on either objective or subjective assessment.
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| 3. |
- Andreasson, Ann‐Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Cortical excitability measured with transcranial magnetic stimulation in children with epilepsy before and after antiepileptic drugs
- 2020
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Ingår i: Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. - : Wiley. - 0012-1622 .- 1469-8749. ; 62:7, s. 793-798
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To evaluate cortical excitability with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in children with new-onset epilepsy before and after antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Method Fifty-five drug-naive patients (29 females, 26 males; 3-18y), with new-onset epilepsy were recruited from 1st May 2014 to 31st October 2017 at the Child Neurology Department, Queen Silvia's Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. We performed TMS in 48 children (23 females, 25 males; mean [SD] age 10y [3y], range 4-15y) with epilepsy (27 generalized and 21 focal) before and after the introduction of AEDs. We used single- and paired-pulse TMS. We used single-pulse TMS to record resting motor thresholds (RMTs), stimulus-response curves, and cortical silent periods (CSPs). We used paired-pulse TMS to record intracortical inhibition and facilitation at short, long, and intermediate intervals. Results There were no differences in cortical excitability between children with generalized and focal epilepsy at baseline. After AED treatment, RMTs increased (p=0.001), especially in children receiving sodium valproate (p=0.005). CSPs decreased after sodium valproate was administered (p=0.050). As in previous studies, we noted a negative correlation between RMT and age in our study cohort. Paired-pulse TMS could not be performed in most children because high RMTs made suprathreshold stimulation impossible. Interpretation Cortical excitability as measured with RMT decreased after the introduction of AEDs. This was seen in children with both generalized and focal epilepsy who were treated with sodium valproate, although it was most prominent in children with generalized epilepsy. We suggest that TMS might be used as a prognostic tool to predict AED efficacy.
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| 4. |
- Backman, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish consensus reached on recording, interpretation and reporting of neonatal continuous simplified electroencephalography that is supported by amplitude-integrated trend analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : WILEY. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 107:10, s. 1702-1709
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous monitoring of electroencephalography (EEG), with a focus on amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG), has been used in neonatal intensive care for decades. A number of systems have been suggested for describing and quantifying aEEG patterns. Extensive full-montage EEG monitoring is used in specialised intensive care units. The American Clinical Neurophysiology Society published recommendations for defining and reporting EEG findings in critically ill adults and infants. Swedish neonatologists and clinical neurophysiologists collaborated to optimise simplified neonatal continuous aEEG and EEG recordings based on these American documents. Conclusion: This paper describes the Swedish consensus document produced by those meetings.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Flisberg, Anders, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Does indomethacin for closure of patent ductus arteriosus affect cerebral function?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:10, s. 1493-1497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study whether indomethacin used in conventional dose for closure of patent ductus arteriosus affects cerebral function measured by Electroencephalograms (EEG) evaluated by quantitative measures. Study design: Seven premature neonates with haemodynamically significant persistent ductus arteriosus were recruited. EEG were recorded before, during and after an intravenous infusion of 0.2 mg/kg indomethacin over 10 min. The EEG was analysed by two methods with different degrees of complexity for the amount of low-activity periods (LAP, "suppressions") as an indicator of affection of cerebral function. Results: Neither of the two methods identified any change in the amount of LAPs in the EEG as compared to before the indomethacin infusion. Conclusion: Indomethacin in conventional dose for closure of patent ductus arteriosus does not affect cerebral function as evaluated by quantitative EEG.
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| 7. |
- Flisberg, Anders, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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EEG and spectral edge frequency : analysis in posthypoxic newborn piglets
- 2010
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Ingår i: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - : Brain Research Promotion. - 0172-780X. ; 31:2, s. 181-186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency content of the electroencephalogram (EEG) during recovery after a severe hypoxic insult in newborn piglets. METHODS: EEG was continuously monitored in nine newborn piglets exposed to a severe hypoxic period. Power spectra in five frequency bands were calculated using Fourier transformation. Spectral edge frequency 90 (SEF90) was defined as the frequency below which 90% of the power in the EEG was located. The piglets were divided into two groups; Group 1 represented piglets with some EEG recovery and Group 2 represented piglets without any EEG recovery. RESULTS: The recovery of the EEG in Group 1 had the same time course in all frequency bands. SEF90 indicates recovery earlier than the value of total power. But SEF90 also signals activity in the EEGs that were almost completely suppressed. When SEF90 was calculated during periods of periodic EEG activity during the very early phase of recovery, the values fell within the same range as during the control period. CONCLUSION: Spectral analysis of continuous EEG in newborn piglets exposed to very severe hypoxia showed that no specific frequency band of the EEG preceded the other ones during recovery. The results of the SEF90 measure, demonstrates the need for critical analysis of the raw EEG before any reliable estimation of cerebral function can be made.
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| 8. |
- Gu, Irene Yu-Hua, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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3D Limb Movement Tracking and Analysis for Neurological Dysfunctions of Neonates Using Multi-Camera Videos
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS. - 1557-170X. - 9781457702204 ; 2016-October, s. 2395-2398
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Central nervous system dysfunction in infants may be manifested through inconsistent, rigid and abnormal limb movements. Detection of limb movement anomalies associated with such neurological dysfunctions in infants is the first step towards early treatment for improving infant development. This paper addresses the issue of detecting and quantifying limb movement anomalies in infants through non-invasive 3D image analysis methods using videos from multiple camera views. We propose a novel scheme for tracking 3D time trajectories of markers on infant’s limbs by video analysis techniques. The proposed scheme employ videos captured from three camera views. This enables us to detect a set of enhanced 3D markers through cross-view matching and to effectively handle marker self-occlusions by other body parts. We track a set of 3D trajectories of limb movements by a set of particle filters in parallel, enabling more robust 3D tracking of markers, and use the 3D model errors for quantifying abrupt limb movements. The proposed work makes a significant advancement to the previous work in [1] through employing tracking in 3D space, and hence overcome several main barriers that hinder real applications by using single camera-based techniques. To the best of our knowledge, applying such a multi-view video analysis approach for assessing neurological dysfunctions of infants through 3D time trajectories of markers on limbs is novel, and could lead to computer-aided tools for diagnosis of dysfunctions where early treatment may improve infant development. Experiments were conducted on multi-view neonate videos recorded in a clinical setting and results have provided further support to the proposed method.
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| 9. |
- Hagberg, Henrik, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Extracellular overflow of glutamate, aspartate, GABA and taurine in the cortex and basal ganglia of fetal lambs during hypoxia-ischemia.
- 1987
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Ingår i: Neuroscience letters. - 0304-3940. ; 78:3, s. 311-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extracellular levels of excitatory and inhibitory amino acids were measured in the cortex and striatum of asphyxiated fetal lambs. The fetus was exteriorized from the anesthetized ewe and dialysis probes were placed in the parietal cortex and caudate nucleus. Cerebral blood flow was measured with Xe-clearance. Cortical somatosensory-evoked potentials and electroencephalogram (EEG) were continuously recorded. Asphyxia was induced by clamping the umbilical cord or by graded compression of the maternal aorta. Asphyxia accompanied by elevated cerebral blood flow resulted in a moderate rise in extracellular amino acid levels. During extreme asphyxia, i.e. abolished evoked potentials and reduced cerebral blood flow, marked extracellular elevations of glutamate (3- to 11-fold), aspartate (3- to 7-fold), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (3- to 5-fold) and taurine (3- to 18-fold) occurred, the higher values representing striatum. Excessive levels of excitatory amino acids may exert injurious effects on immature neurons during such hypoxic-ischemic states.
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