| 1. |
- Nwaru, Bright I, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D intake during the first 4years and onset of asthma by age 5: A nested case-control study.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1399-3038. ; , s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Early-life vitamin D intake has been linked to asthma risk in childhood, but the role of longitudinal vitamin D exposure has not been previously evaluated. We investigated the association between vitamin D intake during the first 4years of life and asthma risk by age 5.Within a Finnish population-based birth cohort, 182 incident asthma cases were matched to 728 controls on sex, genetic risk for type 1 diabetes, delivery hospital, and time of birth. Vitamin D intake was assessed by age-specific 3day food records. Parents completed a validated version of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire at 5years.At 3months, supplements were the main source of vitamin D intake; intake from foods increased from 3months on, mainly from fortified milk products. Vitamin D intake at each specific age was associated with an increased risk of any asthma, atopic, and non-atopic asthma, but only intake at 1 and 2years was statistically significantly associated with asthma. Longitudinal vitamin D intake was associated with an increased risk of asthma (OR 1.24; 95%CI 1.00-1.53).Increased vitamin D intake in childhood, particularly intake at 1 and 2years of age, may increase risk of childhood asthma. This might reflect a true effect or residual confounding by lifestyle or environmental factors. Repeated assessment of vitamin D intake allowed evaluation of the longitudinal and age-dependent impact of vitamin D on the risk of asthma. Further longitudinal studies are required to confirm or question these findings.
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| 2. |
- Ojwang', Vincent, et al.
(författare)
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Early exposure to cats, dogs and farm animals and the risk of childhood asthma and allergy.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1399-3038. ; 31:3, s. 265-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synergistic role of exposure to cats, dogs, and farm animals during infancy on the risk of childhood asthma and allergy remains unknown.To investigate independent and synergistic associations between exposure to indoor pets and farm animals during infancy and the risk of asthma and allergy by age 5.We studied 3781 children participating in the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) nutrition study. At age 5, a validated version of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire was administered to collect information on asthma and allergic disease; and exposure to indoor pets and farm animals during the first year of life. Allergen-specific IgE antibodies were analyzed from serum samples. Statistical analyses employed Cox proportional hazards- and logistic regression.Having a dog in the house was inversely associated with the risk of asthma (HR 0.60; 95%CI, 0.38-0.96); allergic rhinitis (OR 0.72; 95%CI, 0.53-0.97); and atopic sensitization (OR 0.77; 95%CI, 0.63-0.96). Having a cat was associated with decreased risk of atopic eczema (OR 0.68; 95%CI, 0.51-0.92). Farm animals were neither independently nor in synergy with indoor pets associated with the outcomes.Having a dog or cat in the house during the first year of life may protect against childhood asthma and allergy. We did not find a synergistic association between cat, dog and farm animal exposure on the risk of childhood asthma and allergy. Future research should identify specific causative exposures conferred by indoor pets and whether they could be recommended for allergy prevention.
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| 3. |
- Hakkarainen, J., et al.
(författare)
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Hydroxysteroid (17 beta) dehydrogenase 1 expressed by Sertoli cells contributes to steroid synthesis and is required for male fertility
- 2018
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Ingår i: Faseb Journal. - 0892-6638. ; 32:6, s. 3229-3241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pituitary gonadotrophins and testosterone are the main hormonal regulators of spermatogenesis, but estradiol is also known to play a role in the process. The hormonal responses in the testis are partially mediated by somatic Sertoli cells that provide nutritional and physical support for differentiating male germ cells. Hydroxysteroid (17 beta) dehydrogenase 1 (HSD17B1) is a steroidogenic enzyme that especially catalyzes the conversion of low potent 17keto-steroids to highly potent 17 beta-hydroxysteroids. In this study, we show that Hsd17b1 is highly expressed in Sertoli cells of fetal and newborn mice, and HSD17B1 knockout males present with disrupted spermatogenesis with major defects, particularly in the head shape of elongating spermatids. The cell-cell junctions between Sertoli cells and germ cells were disrupted in the HSD17B1 knockout mice. This resulted in complications in the orientation of elongating spermatids in the seminiferous epithelium, reduced sperm production, and morphologically abnormal spermatozoa. We also showed that the Sertoli cell-expressed HSD17B1 participates in testicular steroid synthesis, evidenced by a compensatory up-regulation of HSD17B3 in Leydig cells. These results revealed a novel role for HSD17B1 in the control of spermatogenesis and male fertility, and that Sertoli cells significantly contribute to steroid synthesis in the testis.
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