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- Koulaouzidis, Anastasios, et al.
(författare)
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Association Between Fecal Calprotectin Levels and Small-bowel Inflammation Score in Capsule Endoscopy : A Multicenter Retrospective Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Digestive Diseases and Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-2568 .- 0163-2116. ; 61:7, s. 2033-2040
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Accurate inflammation reporting in capsule endoscopy (CE) is important for diagnosis and monitoring of treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Fecal calprotectin (FC) is a highly specific biomarker of gut inflammation. Lewis score (LS) was developed to standardize quantification of inflammation in small-bowel (SB) CE images.GOALS: Multicenter retrospective study aiming to investigate correlation between LS and FC in a large group of patients undergoing CE for suspected or known small-bowel IBD, and to develop a model for prediction of CE results (LS) based on FC levels.STUDY: Five academic centers and a district general hospital offering CE in UK, Finland, Sweden, Canada, and Israel. In total, 333 patients were recruited. They had small-bowel CE and FC done within 3 months.RESULTS: Overall, correlation between FC and LS was weak (r s: 0.232, P < 0.001). When two clinically significant FC thresholds (100 and 250 μg/g) were examined, the r s between FC and LS was 0.247 (weak) and 0.337 (moderate), respectively (P = 0.307). For clinically significant (LS ≥ 135) or negative (LS < 135) for SB inflammation, ROC curves gave an optimum cutoff point of FC 76 μg/g with sensitivity 0.59 and specificity 0.41.LIMITATIONS: Retrospective design.CONCLUSIONS: LS appears to show low correlation with FC as well as other serology markers of inflammation. FC does not appear to be a reliable biomarker for significant small-bowel inflammation. Nevertheless, FC level ≥ 76 μg/g may be associated with appreciable visual inflammation on small-bowel CE in patients with negative prior diagnostic workup.
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- Koulaouzidis, Anastasios, et al.
(författare)
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KID Project : an internet-based digital video atlas of capsule endoscopy for research purposes
- 2017
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Ingår i: Endoscopy International Open. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 2364-3722 .- 2196-9736. ; 5:6, s. 477-483
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Capsule endoscopy (CE) has revolutionized small-bowel (SB) investigation. Computational methods can enhance diagnostic yield (DY); however, incorporating machine learning algorithms (MLAs) into CE reading is difficult as large amounts of image annotations are required for training. Current databases lack graphic annotations of pathologies and cannot be used. A novel database, KID, aims to provide a reference for research and development of medical decision support systems (MDSS) for CE.METHODS: Open-source software was used for the KID database. Clinicians contribute anonymized, annotated CE images and videos. Graphic annotations are supported by an open-access annotation tool (Ratsnake). We detail an experiment based on the KID database, examining differences in SB lesion measurement between human readers and a MLA. The Jaccard Index (JI) was used to evaluate similarity between annotations by the MLA and human readers.RESULTS: The MLA performed best in measuring lymphangiectasias with a JI of 81 ± 6 %. The other lesion types were: angioectasias (JI 64 ± 11 %), aphthae (JI 64 ± 8 %), chylous cysts (JI 70 ± 14 %), polypoid lesions (JI 75 ± 21 %), and ulcers (JI 56 ± 9 %).CONCLUSION: MLA can perform as well as human readers in the measurement of SB angioectasias in white light (WL). Automated lesion measurement is therefore feasible. KID is currently the only open-source CE database developed specifically to aid development of MDSS. Our experiment demonstrates this potential.
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- Nemeth, Artur, et al.
(författare)
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Use of patency capsule in patients with established Crohn's disease.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Endoscopy. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 1438-8812 .- 0013-726X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and study aims: Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) is invaluable in the diagnosis of small-bowel pathology. Capsule retention is a major concern in patients with Crohn's disease. The patency capsule was designed to evaluate small-bowel patency before VCE. However, the actual benefit of the patency capsule test in Crohn's disease remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical impact of patency capsule use on the risk of video capsule retention in patients with established Crohn's disease. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter study of patients with established Crohn's disease who underwent VCE for clinical need. The utilization strategy for the patency capsule was classified as selective (only in patients with obstructive symptoms, history of intestinal obstruction or surgery, or per treating physician's request) or nonselective (all patients with Crohn's disease). The main outcome was video capsule retention in the entire cohort and within each utilization strategy. Results: A total of 406 patients who were referred for VCE were included in the study. VCE was performed in 132 /406 patients (32.5 %) without a prior patency capsule test. The patency capsule test was performed in 274 /406 patients (67.5 %) and was negative in 193 patients. Overall, VCE was performed in 343 patients and was retained in the small bowel in 8 (2.3 %). In this cohort, the risk of video capsule retention in the small bowel was 1.5 % without use of a prior patency capsule and 2.1 % after a negative patency test (P = 0.9). A total of 18 patients underwent VCE after a positive patency capsule test, with a retention rate of 11.1 % (P = 0.01). Patency capsule administration strategy (selective vs. nonselective) was not associated with the risk of video capsule retention. Conclusions: Capsule retention is a rare event in patients with established Crohn's disease undergoing VCE. The risk of video capsule retention was not reduced by the nonselective use of the patency capsule. Furthermore, VCE after a positive patency capsule test in patients with Crohn's disease was associated with a high risk of video capsule retention.
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| 5. |
- Yung, Diana E., et al.
(författare)
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Capsule endoscopy in young patients with iron deficiency anaemia and negative bidirectional gastrointestinal endoscopy
- 2017
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Ingår i: United European Gastroenterology Journal. - : Wiley. - 2050-6406 .- 2050-6414. ; 5:7, s. 974-981
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Recent data imply young patients (age ≤50 years) undergoing small-bowel (SB) capsule endoscopy (CE) for iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) show higher diagnostic yield (DY) for sinister pathology. We aimed to investigate DY of CE in a large cohort of young IDA patients, and evaluate factors predicting significant SB pathology. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective, multicentre study (2010–2015) in consecutive, young patients (≤50 years) from 18 centres/12 countries, with negative bidirectional gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy undergoing SBCE for IDA. Exclusion criteria: previous/ongoing obscure-overt GI bleeding; age <19 or >50 years; comorbidities associated with IDA. Data retrieved: SBCE indications; prior investigations; medications; SBCE findings; final diagnosis. Clinical and laboratory data were analysed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: Data on 389 young IDA patients were retrieved. In total, 169 (43.4%) were excluded due to incomplete clinical data; data from 220 (122F/98M; mean age 40.5 ± 8.6 years) patients were analysed. Some 71 patients had at least one clinically significant SBCE finding (DY: 32.3%). They were divided into two groups: neoplastic pathology (10/220; 4.5%), and non-neoplastic but clinically significant pathology (61/220; 27.7%). The most common significant but non-neoplastic pathologies were angioectasias (22/61) and Crohn’s disease (15/61). On multivariate analysis, weight loss and lower mean corpuscular volume(MCV) were associated with significant SB pathology (OR: 3.87; 95%CI: 1.3–11.3; p = 0.01; and OR: 0.96; 95%CI: 0.92–0.99; p = 0.03; respectively). Our model also demonstrates association between use of antiplatelets and significant SB pathology, although due to the small number of patients, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn. Conclusion: In IDA patients ≤50 years with negative bidirectional GI endoscopy, overall DY of SBCE for clinically significant findings was 32.3%. Some 5% of our cohort was diagnosed with SB neoplasia; lower MCV or weight loss were associated with higher DY for SB pathology.
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| 6. |
- Yung, Diana E., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical outcomes of negative small-bowel capsule endoscopy for small-bowel bleeding : A systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-5107. ; 85:2, s. 2-317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims: Small-bowel bleeding is the primary indication for capsule endoscopy (CE). Many experts advocate a "watch-and-wait" policy in negative CE. This meta-analysis examines the odds of rebleeding after negative index CE and the impact on long-term follow-up. Methods: A comprehensive literature search identified articles examining the rebleeding rate after negative CE. Demographic and clinical information with emphasis on outcomes was retrieved, pooled, and analyzed. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. A random effects model was used as the pooling method because of high heterogeneity. Risk of bias was assessed using the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS-2) tool. The primary outcome evaluated was the pooled odds ratios (ORs) for rebleeding after a negative CE for obscure GI bleeding (OGIB). Results: Twenty-six studies with 3657 patients were included. The pooled rate of rebleeding after negative CE was .19 (95% CI, .14-.25; . P < .0001). The pooled OR of rebleeding was .59 (95% CI, .37-.95; . P < .001). The effect was more pronounced in studies with a short follow-up (OR, .47; 95% CI, .24-.94; . P < .001). There was no statistically significant difference in rebleeding after CE for occult and overt OGIB. Prospective studies showed a lower OR of rebleeding of .24 (95% CI, .08-.73; . P = .01). Most studies were high quality. Conclusions: Our analysis shows that negative CE provides adequate evidence of a subsequently low risk of rebleeding. Such patients can therefore be safely managed with watchful waiting. However, patients who rebleed after 2 years may need to be investigated for a new source of blood loss.
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| 7. |
- Yung, Diana E, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical validity of flexible spectral imaging color enhancement (FICE) in small-bowel capsule endoscopy : a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Endoscopy. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0013-726X .- 1438-8812. ; 49:3, s. 258-269
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients and methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted. We measured pooled rate of lesion visualization improvement and improvement in lesion detection comparing FICE settings 1 – 3 and WLE, for angioectasias and ulcers/erosions. Pooled results were derived using the random-effects model because of high heterogeneity as measured by I 2. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to measure differences in lesion detection between WLE and the three FICE modes. Results 13 studies were analyzed. All studies used the PillCam SB 1 and/or SB 2 devices. Most used experienced readers. Improvement in delineation had been investigated in 4 studies; in the 3 studies entered into the meta-analysis, using FICE setting 1, 89 % of angioectasias and 45 % of ulcer/erosions were considered to show improved delineation. For FICE settings 2 and 3, small proportions of images showed improved delineation. Heterogeneity of studies was high with I 2 > 90 % in 4/6 analyses. Lesion detection had been investigated in 10 studies; meta-analysis included 5 studies. Lesion detection did not differ significantly between any of the FICE modes and WLE. Conclusions Overall, the use of the three FICE modes did not significantly improve delineation or detection rate in SBCE. In pigmented lesions, FICE setting 1 performed better in lesion delineation and detection.
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