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Sökning: WFRF:(Trzaskowski Maciej) > Naturvetenskap

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1.
  • Szczesna-Chrzan, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Systematic Studies on Liquid Sodium 4,5-dicyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazolate (NaTDI)-Based Electrolytes and Its Impact on the Cycling Behaviour Against Wet Impregnated WI-NaNMC and Prussian White Cathodes
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Advanced Materials Interfaces. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2196-7350. ; 9:8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The article describes a research on new salts and cathode materials dedicated to sodium cells. Sodium technology is considered to be one of the most promising (for new battery generations) and has been very actively (re)-developed for more than a decade. The first part of this work is mainly focused on electrochemical studies of the low coordinating Huckel type salt (4,5-dicyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazolate, NaTDI)-based electrolytes with and without solid electrolyte interface modified additives: fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). In the second part electrolytes are tested in a half-cells with layered oxides. Sodium nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide (NaNMC) and WI-NaNMC-333 and WI-NaNMC-622 layered cathode materials are prepared by wet impregnation synthesis (WI) routine. Prussian White is obtained from University of Uppsala group to compare and initial electrochemical properties against electrolyte with NaTDI. Basic physicochemical properties of the obtained powders are also reported in the manuscript. The best properties are recorded for 0.75 m NaTDI in EC:DMC (1:1 v/v) with 3% FEC additive by its conductivity (11.52 mS cm(-1) for 20 degrees C). The same solution also shows promising results during electrochemical tests in half-cell geometry against WI-NaNMC-622 cathode (114.22 mAh g(-1) after 1 cycle C/20). NaPF6 salt is used as an electrolyte as a commercially available reference.
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2.
  • Reichenberg, Abraham, et al. (författare)
  • Discontinuity in the genetic and environmental causes of the intellectual disability spectrum
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - Washington DC, USA : National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 113:4, s. 1098-1103
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Intellectual disability (ID) occurs in almost 3% of newborns. Despite substantial research, a fundamental question about its origin and links to intelligence (IQ) still remains. ID has been shown to be inherited and has been accepted as the extreme low of the normal IQ distribution. However, ID displays a complex pattern of inheritance. Previously, noninherited rare mutations were shown to contribute to severe ID risk in individual families, but in the majority of cases causes remain unknown. Common variants associated with ID risk in the population have not been systematically established. Here we evaluate the hypothesis, originally proposed almost 1 century ago, that most ID is caused by the same genetic and environmental influences responsible for the normal distribution of IQ, but that severe ID is not. We studied more than 1,000,000 sibling pairs and 9,000 twin pairs assessed for IQ and for the presence of ID. We evaluated whether genetic and environmental influences at the extremes of the distribution are different from those operating in the normal range. Here we show that factors influencing mild ID (lowest 3% of IQ distribution) were similar to those influencing IQ in the normal range. In contrast, the factors influencing severe ID (lowest 0.5% of IQ distribution) differ from those influencing mild ID or IQ scores in the normal range. Taken together, our results suggest that most severe ID is a distinct condition, qualitatively different from the preponderance of ID, which, in turn, represents the low extreme of the normal distribution of intelligence.
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