| 1. |
- Shehu, Harisu Abdullahi, et al.
(författare)
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Deep Sentiment Analysis : A Case Study on Stemmed Turkish Twitter Data
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 2169-3536. ; 9, s. 56836-56854
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sentiment analysis using stemmed Twitter data from various languages is an emerging research topic. In this paper, we address three data augmentation techniques namely Shift, Shuffle, and Hybrid to increase the size of the training data; and then we use three key types of deep learning (DL) models namely recurrent neural network (RNN), convolution neural network (CNN), and hierarchical attention network (HAN) to classify the stemmed Turkish Twitter data for sentiment analysis. The performance of these DL models has been compared with the existing traditional machine learning (TML) models. The performance of TML models has been affected negatively by the stemmed data, but the performance of DL models has been improved greatly with the utilization of the augmentation techniques. Based on the simulation, experimental, and statistical results analysis deeming identical datasets, it has been concluded that the TML models outperform the DL models with respect to both training-time (TTM) and runtime (RTM) complexities of the algorithms; but the DL models outperform the TML models with respect to the most important performance factors as well as the average performance rankings. CCBY
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| 2. |
- Wakili, Musa Adamu, et al.
(författare)
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Classification of Breast Cancer Histopathological Images Using DenseNet and Transfer Learning
- 2022
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Ingår i: Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1687-5265 .- 1687-5273. ; 2022
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Breast cancer is one of the most common invading cancers in women. Analyzing breast cancer is nontrivial and may lead to disagreements among experts. Although deep learning methods achieved an excellent performance in classification tasks including breast cancer histopathological images, the existing state-of-the-art methods are computationally expensive and may overfit due to extracting features from in-distribution images. In this paper, our contribution is mainly twofold. First, we perform a short survey on deep-learning-based models for classifying histopathological images to investigate the most popular and optimized training-testing ratios. Our findings reveal that the most popular training-testing ratio for histopathological image classification is 70%: 30%, whereas the best performance (e.g., accuracy) is achieved by using the training-testing ratio of 80%: 20% on an identical dataset. Second, we propose a method named DenTnet to classify breast cancer histopathological images chiefly. DenTnet utilizes the principle of transfer learning to solve the problem of extracting features from the same distribution using DenseNet as a backbone model. The proposed DenTnet method is shown to be superior in comparison to a number of leading deep learning methods in terms of detection accuracy (up to 99.28% on BreaKHis dataset deeming training-testing ratio of 80%: 20%) with good generalization ability and computational speed. The limitation of existing methods including the requirement of high computation and utilization of the same feature distribution is mitigated by dint of the DenTnet. © 2022 Musa Adamu Wakili et al.
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| 3. |
- Jakariya, Md., et al.
(författare)
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ICT-based solution for efficient fecal sludge management : An experience from Bangladesh
- 2023
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-8440. ; 9:4, s. e15200-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Bangladesh, people primarily depend on on-site sanitation facilities (OSSF) with an immense challenge in achieving safe sanitation due to unplanned infrastructure development, improper management of fecal sludge, and inadequate monitoring. The commitment of attaining Sustain-able Development Goals (SDG) 6.2 (ensuring safe sanitation for all) by 2030 requires immediate attention in the management of fecal sludge for low-middle income countries. This paper pre-sented the findings, challenges, and possible ways forward from a study conducted to provide data for Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-based fecal sludge management (FSM) at a municipality in the northwest of Bangladesh. A total of 18,808 households and 407 institutions in Saidpur municipality, a non-sewered town in Nilphamari district, were studied to understand the type of containment structures and on-ground desludging practices. The study showed around 10% of containments were connected to the drains illegally, 95% of the people in Saidpur practiced unsafe disposal, and 7% still practiced open defecation. To identify these malpractices, the study also implemented an ICT-based sustainable solution through a web application that enabled the local administrator to have a global look at the sanitation scenario of the municipality. The dashboard was developed to create a total sanitation monitoring system, identify defaulters, allow target-based safe managed sanitation service strategies, and ensure sustainability in FSM. The study highlighted the accessibility of vacuum truck services projecting through a spatial map and identified methods to empty the septic tanks where Vacutag services are unavailable by engaging local pit emptiers. The innovative approach of fecal sludge man-agement will help not only to improve the existing sanitation practices but also raise community awareness to ensure sustainable sanitation system. Altogether, the web system will work as a medium to manage the faecal sludge for the existing co-compost plant where the faeces is con-verted into organic soil conditioner, creating prospects for a green business mechanism.
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| 4. |
- Khan, Noman, et al.
(författare)
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Dysregulation of metalloproteins in ischemic heart disease patients with systolic dysfunction
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. - : Elsevier. - 0141-8130 .- 1879-0003. ; 232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Metalloproteins have been linked to human health and diseases. The molecular functions of metalloproteins in IHD is not well understood and require further exploration. The objective of this study was to find out the role of metalloproteins in the pericardial fluid of IHD patients having normal (EF > 45) and impaired (EF < 45) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). IHD patients were grouped into two categories: LVEF<45 (n = 12) and LVEF >45 (n = 33). Pooled samples of pericardial fluid were fractionated by using ZOOM-isoelectric focusing (IEF) followed by further processing using one-dimensional gel electrophoresis (1D SDS-PAGE) and filter-aided sample preparation (FASP). Tryptic peptides of each fraction and differential bands were then analyzed by nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS. Protein identification was performed through a Mascot search engine using NCBI-Prot and SwissProt databases. A total of 1082 proteins including 154 metalloproteins were identified. In the differential bands, 60 metalloproteins were identified, while 115 metalloproteins were identified in all ZOOM-IEF fractions. Twelve differentially expressed metalloproteins were selected in the intense bands according to their molecular weight (MW) and isoelectric point (pI). The 12 differentially expressed metalloprotein includes ceruloplasmin, Prothrombin, Vitamin K-dependent protein, Fibulin-1, Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-6, nidogen, partial, Serum albumin, Hemopexin, C-reactive protein, Serum amyloid P-component, and Intelectin-1 protein which were all up-regulated while serotransferrin is the only metalloprotein that was down-regulated in impaired (LVEF<45) group. Among the metalloproteins, Zn-binding proteins are 36.5 % followed by Ca-binging 32.2 %, and Fe-binging 12.2 %. KEGG, pathway analysis revealed the association of ceruloplasmin and serotransferrin with the ferroptosis pathway. In conclusion, 154 metalloproteins were identified of them the Zn-binding protein followed by Ca-binding and Fe-binding proteins were the most abundant metalloproteins. The two metalloproteins, the Cu-binding protein ceruloplasmin, and Fe-binding protein serotransferrin are involved in the ferroptosis pathway, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death that has been linked to cardiac pathology, especially in IHD patients having impaired systolic (LVEF<45) dysfunction. However, further research is required to validate these findings.
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| 5. |
- Kinyoki, DK, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-170X .- 1078-8956. ; 26:5, s. 750-759
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4% (62.3 (55.1–70.8) million) to 6.4% (58.3 (47.6–70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2% (30 (22.8–38.5) million) in 2000 to 6.0% (55.5 (44.8–67.9) million) children aged under 5 years in 2017. Areas most affected by double burden of malnutrition were located in Indonesia, Thailand, southeastern China, Botswana, Cameroon and central Nigeria. Our estimates provide a new perspective to researchers, policy makers and public health agencies in their efforts to address this global childhood syndemic.
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| 6. |
- Murray, Robert D., et al.
(författare)
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Management of glucocorticoid replacement in adrenal insufficiency shows notable heterogeneity - data from the EU-AIR
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Endocrinology. - : WILEY. - 0300-0664 .- 1365-2265. ; 86:3, s. 340-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context and objectiveTreatment for adrenal insufficiency (AI) remains suboptimal. Despite glucocorticoid replacement, patients with AI have reduced life expectancy and quality of life. This study aimed to describe the spectrum of management of glucocorticoid replacement in patients with AI enrolled in the European Adrenal Insufficiency Registry (EU-AIR). Design, setting and patientsEU-AIR is a prospective, multinational, multicentre, observational study initiated in August 2012 to monitor the long-term safety of glucocorticoid replacement in routine clinical practice in Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and the UK (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01661387). This analysis included 1166 patients with primary and secondary AI (mean disease duration 16amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;1 11amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;6 years) receiving long-term glucocorticoid replacement therapy. Main outcome measureGlucocorticoid type, dose, frequency and treatment regimen were examined. ResultsMost patients (87amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;4%) were receiving hydrocortisone. The most common dose range, taken by 42amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;2% of patients, was 20 to amp;lt;25 mg/day; however, 12amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;6% were receiving doses of 30 mg/day. Hydrocortisone was being taken once daily by 5amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;5%, twice daily by 48amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;7%, three times daily by 43amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;6% and four times daily by 2amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;1%. Patients with primary AI received higher replacement doses than those with secondary AI (23amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;4 +/- 8amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;9 and 19amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;6 +/- 5amp;lt;boldamp;gt;amp;lt;/boldamp;gt;9 mg/day, respectively). Twenty-five different regimens were being used to deliver a daily hydrocortisone dose of 20 mg. ConclusionsWe have shown significant heterogeneity in the type, dose, frequency and timing of glucocorticoid replacement in real-world clinical practice. This reflects dose individualization based on patient symptoms and lifestyle in the absence of data supporting the optimal regimen.
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| 7. |
- Nilsson, Anna G., et al.
(författare)
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Long-term safety of once-daily, dual-release hydrocortisone in patients with adrenal insufficiency : a phase 3b, open-label, extension study
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Endocrinology. - : Bioscientifica. - 0804-4643 .- 1479-683X. ; 176:6, s. 715-725
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the long-term safety and tolerability of a once-daily, dual-release hydrocortisone (DR-HC) tablet as oral glucocorticoid replacement therapy in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (AI).Design: Prospective, open-label, multicenter, 5-year extension study of DR-HC conducted at five university clinics in Sweden.Methods: Seventy-one adult patients diagnosed with primary AI who were receiving stable glucocorticoid replacement therapy were recruited. Safety and tolerability outcomes included adverse events (AEs), intercurrent illness episodes, laboratory parameters and vital signs. Quality of life (QoL) was evaluated using generic questionnaires.Results: Total DR-HC exposure was 328 patient-treatment years. Seventy patients reported 1060 AEs (323 per 100 patient-years); 85% were considered unrelated to DR-HC by the investigator. The most common AEs were nasopharyngitis (70%), fatigue (52%) and gastroenteritis (48%). Of 65 serious AEs reported by 32 patients (20 per 100 patient-years), four were considered to be possibly related to DR-HC: acute AI (n = 2), gastritis (n = 1) and syncope (n = 1). Two deaths were reported (fall from height and subarachnoid hemorrhage), both considered to be unrelated to DR-HC. From baseline to 5 years, intercurrent illness episodes remained relatively stable (mean 2.6-5.4 episodes per patient per year), fasting plasma glucose (0.7 mmol/L; P < 0.0001) and HDL cholesterol (0.2 mmol/L; P < 0.0001) increased and patient-/investigator-assessed tolerability improved. QoL total scores were unchanged but worsening physical functioning was recorded (P = 0.008).Conclusions: In the first prospective study evaluating the long-term safety of glucocorticoid replacement therapy in patients with primary AI, DR-HC was well tolerated with no safety concerns observed during 5-year treatment.
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| 8. |
- Nilsson, Anna G, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term safety of once-daily, dual-release hydrocortisone in patients with adrenal insufficiency: a phase 3b, open-label, extension study.
- 2017
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Ingår i: European journal of endocrinology. - : BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD. - 1479-683X .- 0804-4643. ; 176:6, s. 715-725
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the long-term safety and tolerability of a once-daily, dual-release hydrocortisone (DR-HC) tablet as oral glucocorticoid replacement therapy in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (AI).Prospective, open-label, multicenter, 5-year extension study of DR-HC conducted at five university clinics in Sweden.Seventy-one adult patients diagnosed with primary AI who were receiving stable glucocorticoid replacement therapy were recruited. Safety and tolerability outcomes included adverse events (AEs), intercurrent illness episodes, laboratory parameters and vital signs. Quality of life (QoL) was evaluated using generic questionnaires.Total DR-HC exposure was 328 patient-treatment years. Seventy patients reported 1060 AEs (323 per 100 patient-years); 85% were considered unrelated to DR-HC by the investigator. The most common AEs were nasopharyngitis (70%), fatigue (52%) and gastroenteritis (48%). Of 65 serious AEs reported by 32 patients (20 per 100 patient-years), four were considered to be possibly related to DR-HC: acute AI (n = 2), gastritis (n = 1) and syncope (n = 1). Two deaths were reported (fall from height and subarachnoid hemorrhage), both considered to be unrelated to DR-HC. From baseline to 5 years, intercurrent illness episodes remained relatively stable (mean 2.6-5.4 episodes per patient per year), fasting plasma glucose (0.7 mmol/L; P < 0.0001) and HDL cholesterol (0.2 mmol/L; P < 0.0001) increased and patient-/investigator-assessed tolerability improved. QoL total scores were unchanged but worsening physical functioning was recorded (P = 0.008).In the first prospective study evaluating the long-term safety of glucocorticoid replacement therapy in patients with primary AI, DR-HC was well tolerated with no safety concerns observed during 5-year treatment.
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| 9. |
- Quinkler, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Prednisolone is associated with a worse lipid profile than hydrocortisone in patients with adrenal insufficiency
- 2017
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Ingår i: Endocrine Connections. - : BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD. - 2049-3614. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Prednisolone is used as glucocorticoid replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency (AI). Recent data indicate that its use in AI is associated with low bone mineral density. Data on risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with AI treated with prednisolone are scarce, despite this condition being the predominant cause of excess mortality. We aimed to address this question using real-world data from the European Adrenal Insufficiency Registry (EU-AIR). Design/methods: EU-AIR, comprising of 19 centres across Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and the UK, commenced enrolling patients with AI in August 2012. Patients receiving prednisolone (3-6 mg/day, n = 50) or hydrocortisone (15-30 mg/day, n = 909) were identified and grouped at a ratio of 1: 3 (prednisolone: hydrocortisone) by matching for gender, age, duration and type of disease. Data from baseline and follow-up visits were analysed. Data from patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia were excluded. Results: Significantly higher mean +/- s. d. total (6.3 +/- 1.6 vs 5.4 +/- 1.1 mmol/L; P = 0.003) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (3.9 +/- 1.4 vs 3.2 +/- 1.0 mmol/L; P = 0.013) were identified in 47 patients on prednisolone vs 141 receiving hydrocortisone at baseline and at follow-up (P = 0.005 and P = 0.006, respectively). HbA1c, high-density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference were not significantly different. Conclusions: This is the first matched analysis of its kind. Significantly higher LDL levels in patients receiving prednisolone relative to hydrocortisone could predict a higher relative risk of cardiovascular disease in the former group.
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| 10. |
- Yang, Bin, et al.
(författare)
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Non-linear impact of natural resources, green financing, and energy transition on sustainable environment: A way out for common prosperity in NORDIC countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Resources policy. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0301-4207 .- 1873-7641. ; 83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a couple of decades, the immense interest of scholars and policymakers is to identify the factors that support environmental sustainability without sacrificing economic well-being. Nordic countries with huge natural resource reserves are known as the top countries of the "European GDP per capita league table." However, with the lofty climate targets, these countries are still responsible for environmental impairments through their incessant contribution to the global energy supply network. Therefore, to defeat this predicament, the study investigates the role of natural resources (NTR), green finance (GFN), green energy (GEC), and economic growth (GDP) in Nordic countries from 1990 to 2018. The study employed the novel quantile-based econometrics approach of "Method of the Moments Quantile Regression" (MMQR), which provides the direction and magni-tude of the asymmetric association of NTR, GFN, GEC, and GDP with the ecological footprint. The results of this test revealed that the NTR and GDP have a significantly positive influence, while GEN and GEC have significantly negative associations with an ecological footprint across all quantiles. This has implied that green finance and green energy work as the solution, whereas natural resources and economic growth are key drivers of envi-ronmental degradation. Further, the "Augmented Mean Group" (AMG) and "Common Correlated Effect Mean Group" (CCEMG) are used as the robustness check, which endorsed the same association of NTR, GFN, GEC, and GDP with the EFP suggested by MMQR. Based on these findings, the study suggests policy implications for controlling the ecological footprint in Nordic countries.
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