| 1. |
- Gobel, K., et al.
(författare)
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Coulomb dissociation of 16O into 4He and 12C
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 1668:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We measured the Coulomb dissociation of 16O into 4He and 12C at the R3B setup in a first campaign within FAIR Phase 0 at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt. The goal was to improve the accuracy of the experimental data for the 12C(a,?)16O fusion reaction and to reach lower center-ofmass energies than measured so far. The experiment required beam intensities of 109 16O ions per second at an energy of 500 MeV/nucleon. The rare case of Coulomb breakup into 12C and 4He posed another challenge: The magnetic rigidities of the particles are so close because of the same mass-To-charge-number ratio A/Z = 2 for 16O, 12C and 4He. Hence, radical changes of the R3B setup were necessary. All detectors had slits to allow the passage of the unreacted 16O ions, while 4He and 12C would hit the detectors' active areas depending on the scattering angle and their relative energies. We developed and built detectors based on organic scintillators to track and identify the reaction products with sufficient precision.
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| 2. |
- Genereux, Diane P., et al.
(författare)
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A comparative genomics multitool for scientific discovery and conservation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature. - : NATURE RESEARCH. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 587:7833, s. 240-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A whole-genome alignment of 240 phylogenetically diverse species of eutherian mammal-including 131 previously uncharacterized species-from the Zoonomia Project provides data that support biological discovery, medical research and conservation. The Zoonomia Project is investigating the genomics of shared and specialized traits in eutherian mammals. Here we provide genome assemblies for 131 species, of which all but 9 are previously uncharacterized, and describe a whole-genome alignment of 240 species of considerable phylogenetic diversity, comprising representatives from more than 80% of mammalian families. We find that regions of reduced genetic diversity are more abundant in species at a high risk of extinction, discern signals of evolutionary selection at high resolution and provide insights from individual reference genomes. By prioritizing phylogenetic diversity and making data available quickly and without restriction, the Zoonomia Project aims to support biological discovery, medical research and the conservation of biodiversity.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Kirillova, Irina V., et al.
(författare)
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'Semi-dwarf' woolly mammoths from the East Siberian Sea coast, continental Russia
- 2020
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Ingår i: Boreas. - : Wiley. - 0300-9483 .- 1502-3885. ; 49:2, s. 269-285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A pioneer comprehensive study of several diminutive last-generation woolly mammoth teeth (M3) found on the coast of the East Siberian Sea between the mouths of the Alazeya and Malaya Kuropatoch'ya rivers was conducted. Two teeth belonged to one individual. These teeth have a similar lamellar frequency and enamel thickness as teeth of Mammuthus primigenius Blumenbach. The molar crowns from the lower Alazeya region are similar in size to those of the small Late Pleistocene-Holocene mammoths from Wrangel Island. However, the number of plates (17-19, excluding talons) is much lower than that in the teeth of typical Late Pleistocene M. primigenius (23-25). The age data of the examined teeth are beyond the limits of the C-14 dating method (>45 000 years BP). Nevertheless, palaeobotanical data allow correlation of the enclosing sediments with the warm Kazantsevo Interglacial (Eemian, MIS 5e) and reconstruction of the average annual temperature, which was warmer than present-day temperatures. These conditions are confirmed by the delta O-18 isotopes from the structurally bound carbonate in tooth enamel. The ancient landscape was wetter and more forested than modern landscapes. The diminution of M3 size and loss of posterior plates were a result of the overall decrease in body size, likely in response to landscape change and narrowing of resource space. Mammoths from the lower Alazeya region demonstrate a stage of significant size reduction, although the dwarfing was not finalized. Their teeth are the oldest amongst the small teeth found in west Beringia.
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| 5. |
- Ghosh, Sourav, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating the stable operating voltage for the MnFe2O4 Li-ion battery anode
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sustainable Energy & Fuels. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2398-4902. ; 5:6, s. 1904-1913
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Template-free synthesis of MnFe2O4 nanopowder is carried out by co-precipitation in a basic medium, evaluating the effects of cation ratio and reaction temperature on the phase composition crystallinity of the resulting powder. Single-phase samples of the target spinel are obtained at the stoichiometric Mn : Fe = 1 : 2 ratio under reflux conditions (100 degrees C), as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images confirmed that nanostructured MnFe2O4 particles are obtained, which is further supported by Debye-Scherrer calculations from XRD data and by AFM measurements. The produced oxide demonstrated considerable thermal stability according to TGA data. Magnetic characteristics are strongly dependent on the content of magnetic phase and phase composition, achieving a maximum of 54 emu g(-1) for single-phase stoichiometric MnFe2O4. Further, the electrochemical stability of this material as the anode is investigated in Li-ion batteries (LIBs). When the MnFe2O4 electrode is operated in the potential window of 0.01-3.0 V, the reversible capacity is enhanced by almost 45% (802 mA h g(-1)) after the 100(th) cycle with reference to the 2(nd) cycle reversible capacity (548 mA h g(-1)). Methodically dQ/dV plots are analyzed and compared to understand processes behind the evolution of extra capacity beyond its theoretical limit. Further, the upper cut-off potential is tuned to identify a stable operating potential window for the MnFe2O4 anode in LIBs.
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| 6. |
- Gupta, G., et al.
(författare)
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Exploiting Mass Spectrometry to Unlock the Mechanism of Nanoparticle-Induced Inflammasome Activation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acs Nano. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanoparticles (NPs) elicit sterile inflammation, but the underlying signaling pathways are poorly understood. Here, we report that human monocytes are particularly vulnerable to amorphous silica NPs, as evidenced by single-cell-based analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells using cytometry by time-of-flight (CyToF), while silane modification of the NPs mitigated their toxicity. Using human THP-1 cells as a model, we observed cellular internalization of silica NPs by nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) and this was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Lipid droplet accumulation was also noted in the exposed cells. Furthermore, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) revealed specific changes in plasma membrane lipids, including phosphatidylcholine (PC) in silica NP-exposed cells, and subsequent studies suggested that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) acts as a cell autonomous signal for inflammasome activation in the absence of priming with a microbial ligand. Moreover, we found that silica NPs elicited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in monocytes, whereas cell death transpired through a non-apoptotic, lipid peroxidation-dependent mechanism. Together, these data further our understanding of the mechanism of sterile inflammation.
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| 7. |
- Hitzenberger, Christoph K., et al.
(författare)
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Introduction to the BIOMED 2014 feature issue
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biomedical Optics Express. - 2156-7085. ; 5:12, s. 4144-4144
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The guest editors introduce a feature issue containing papers based on research presented at the BIOMED 2014 conference, held in Miami, FL, April 26-30, 2014. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America
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| 8. |
- Jewell, Jessica, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Reply to: Why fossil fuel producer subsidies matter
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 578:7793, s. E5-E7
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Kadekar, Sandeep, et al.
(författare)
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Redox responsive Pluronic micelle mediated delivery of functional siRNA : a modular nano-assembly for targeted delivery
- 2021
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Ingår i: Biomaterials Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2047-4830 .- 2047-4849. ; 9:11, s. 3939-3944
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an unmet need to develop strategies that allow site-specific delivery of short interfering RNA (siRNA) without any associated toxicity. To address this challenge, we have developed a novel siRNA delivery platform using chemically modified pluronic F108 as an amphiphilic polymer with a releasable bioactive disulfide functionality. The micelles exhibited thermoresponsive properties and showed a hydrodynamic size of similar to 291 nm in DLS and similar to 200-250 nm in SEM at 37 degrees C. The grafting of free disulfide pyridyl groups enhanced the transfection efficiency and was successfully demonstrated in human colon carcinoma (HCT116; 88%) and glioma cell lines (U87; 90%), non-cancerous human dermal fibroblast (HDF; 90%) cells as well as in mouse embryonic stem (mES; 54%) cells. To demonstrate the versatility of our modular nanocarrier design, we conjugated the MDGI receptor targeting COOP peptide on the particle surface that allowed the targeted delivery of the cargo molecules to human patent-derived primary BT-13 gliospheres. Transfection experiments with this design resulted in similar to 65% silencing of STAT3 mRNA in BT-13 gliospheres, while only similar to 20% of gene silencing was observed in the absence of the peptide. We believe that our delivery method solves current problems related to the targeted delivery of RNAi drugs for potential in vivo applications.
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| 10. |
- Klyucherev, Timofey O., et al.
(författare)
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Advances in the development of new biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease
- 2022
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Ingår i: Translational Neurodegeneration. - : Springer Nature. - 2047-9158. ; 11:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex, heterogeneous, progressive disease and is the most common type of neurodegenerative dementia. The prevalence of AD is expected to increase as the population ages, placing an additional burden on national healthcare systems. There is a large need for new diagnostic tests that can detect AD at an early stage with high specificity at relatively low cost. The development of modern analytical diagnostic tools has made it possible to determine several biomarkers of AD with high specificity, including pathogenic proteins, markers of synaptic dysfunction, and markers of inflammation in the blood. There is a considerable potential in using microRNA (miRNA) as markers of AD, and diagnostic studies based on miRNA panels suggest that AD could potentially be determined with high accuracy for individual patients. Studies of the retina with improved methods of visualization of the fundus are also showing promising results for the potential diagnosis of the disease. This review focuses on the recent developments of blood, plasma, and ocular biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD.
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