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| 3. |
- Johanson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Markets as networks: implications for strategy-making
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0092-0703 .- 1552-7824. ; 39:4, s. 484-491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on empirical studies of firm exchangeactivities in business markets, this paper outlines a businessnetwork view of the firm-market relationship, which differsfundamentally from the view assumed by neo-classicaleconomic theory. We define business networks as sets of connected business relationships. Thus business relationships and connections between relationships are the critical elements in the business network view. It is assumed, as suggested by the Uppsala internationalization process model, that an interplay between knowledge and commitment development is the mechanism that drives the relationship and network development process. Against this background the paper discusses how strategic change is analyzed in literature on alliances and networks. In conclusion the paper presents a set of propositions about strategy-making in business network settings.
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| 4. |
- Johanson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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The Uppsala internationalization process model revisited : From liability of foreignness to liability of outsidership
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of International Business Studies. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0047-2506 .- 1478-6990. ; 40:9, s. 1411-1431
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Uppsala internationalization process model is revisited in the light of changes in business practices and theoretical advances that have been made since 1977. Now the business environment is viewed as a web of relationships, a network, rather than as a neoclassical market with many independent suppliers and customers. Outsidership, in relation to the relevant network, more than psychic distance, is the root of uncertainty. The change mechanisms in the revised model are essentially the same as those in the original version, although we add trust-building and knowledge creation, the latter to recognize the fact that new knowledge is developed in relationships.
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- Vahlne, Jan-Erik, 1941, et al.
(författare)
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Building a Model of Firm Internationalization
- 2003
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Ingår i: Learning in the Internationalization Process of the Firm. - : Edward Elgar.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Vahlne, Jan-Erik, 1941, et al.
(författare)
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Coping with complexity by making trust an important dimension in governance and coordination
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Business Review. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-5931 .- 1873-6149. ; 30:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multinational business enterprises (MBEs) have created and/or discovered opportunities to improve on their businesses, by engaging in technological change and establishing presence by ownership or cooperation with local parties on foreign markets. This development has increased the level of complexity to managers dramatically. Accordingly, the MBEs have developed governance and coordination means to cope with that growing complexity, mainly by inventing governing modes in between the market and the hierarchy and delegating coordination to network or value-chain parties. To be able to explain this development, the internalization approach has been modernized with assumptions more similar to those of the Uppsala model. Micro-foundational findings support a process approach to trust building and exploitation, making trust an essential ingredient in research on exchange behavior.
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| 8. |
- Vahlne, Jan-Erik, 1941, et al.
(författare)
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From internationalization to evolution: The Uppsala model at 40 years
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of International Business Studies. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0047-2506 .- 1478-6990. ; 48:9, s. 1087-1102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The original Uppsala model that was published in 1977 explains the internationalization process of firms. We have further developed the model several times in the intervening years. The present article is our latest effort: a general model of the evolution of the multinational business enterprise ( MBE), from early steps abroad to being a global firm. The updated, augmented model explains MBE evolution in general, not only characteristics of the internationalization process in a narrow sense. We believe that the newest iteration, anchored in process ontology, will be useful in conducting longitudinal empirical studies.
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| 9. |
- Vahlne, Jan-Erik, 1941, et al.
(författare)
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Internationalization as an Entrepreneurial Process
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of International Entrepreneurship. ; 8:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To explain an internationalization process as an entrepreneurial process adds to the understanding of internationalization
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