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- Corell, D., et al.
(författare)
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Influences of synoptic situation and teleconnections on fog-water collection in the Mediterranean Iberian Peninsula, 2003-2012
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Climatology. - : Wiley. - 0899-8418 .- 1097-0088. ; 40:7, s. 3297-3317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fog-water collection has been widely analysed for its quantification and potential uses; however, there are few studies assessing the synoptic conditions and large-scale teleconnection patterns that affect its occurrence. Focusing on the Mediterranean Iberian Peninsula, this work aims to analyse the synoptic patterns, both at surface level and 850 hPa geopotential height, that most likely to favour fog-water collection, and to quantify the relationship between fog-water collection and the NAOi (North Atlantic Oscillation index), MOi (Mediterranean Oscillation index) as well as WeMOi (Western Mediterranean Oscillation index) teleconnection patterns. For this purpose, daily fog-water observations from a dense network of 23 fog-water collectors located along the Mediterranean Iberian Peninsula for 2003-2012 were analysed in relation to synoptic patterns and the three-teleconnection indices. The major findings are: (a) The most favourable synoptic patterns for fog-water collection are maritime advections carrying humidity from the Mediterranean basin, and cyclonic circulations, whereas anti-cyclonic situations generally led to large number of foggy days with low fog-collection rates. (b) In terms of winds at 850 hPa, the most favourable low-level flows for fog-water collection are associated with strong winds (>5.1 m s(-1)) from the Mediterranean. Atlantic winds generally cause a greater number of fog days than Mediterranean winds, with less fog-water collection rates. (c) WeMOi has the greatest influence on fog-water collection, mainly during winter and spring months, with statistically significant negative relationships for most of the stations. MOi also shows a great influence, with a large number of statistically significant negative correlations, mainly during the same months as WeMOi. Lastly, NAOi presented the lowest and no significant negative correlations with fog-water collection.
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| 2. |
- Estrela, M. J., et al.
(författare)
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Spatio-temporal variability of fog-water collection in the eastern Iberian Peninsula: 2003–2012
- 2019
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-8095. ; 226, s. 87-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among the different inputs involved in the hydrological system, fog water measured by man-made passive devices is one of the most unknown components, although it could be an additional water resource for specific environmental applications (forest restoration, forest firefighting, etc.). Focusing on the Mediterranean Iberian Peninsula, the aim of this work is to quantify fog-water collected by a 24-fog-stations network spread across three latitudinal sectors with different locations (coastal, pre-littoral and inland), and to determine the most productive sites. Measurements from the network show that distance-to-sea, latitude or elevation differences between stations are factors affecting fog-water collection potential. The network, based on passive cylindrical omnidirectional fog-water collectors, was active during the period 2003–2012. In addition to fog collection, other environmental variables such as rainfall, wind speed and wind direction, air temperature and relative humidity were measured. These ancillary data were used in a specific data reduction technique to eliminate the simultaneous rainwater component from the fog water measurements, and in the retrieval of the optimum mean wind directions to harvest fog-water efficiently. It was concluded that (i) positive differences in elevation allow greater collection rates, even under 100 m differences; (ii) optimum harvesting wind directions for inland locations are in line with the orientation of the existent valley coupled with the shortest path to the coastline, their collected fog-water volumes being generally smaller than those near the coast; (iii) fog-water collection at coastal locations present more dispersed optimal wind directions, ranging from north to the direction of the most immediate coastline; and (iv) there is a practically null dependence of the optimum mean wind direction on seasonality, but a strong dependence of fog-water captured volumes, however. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
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