| 1. |
- Sörensen, Malin H., et al.
(författare)
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AFM-Porosimetry : Density and pore volume measurements ofparticulate materials
- 2008
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 24, s. 7024-7030
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduced the novel technique of AFM-porosimetry and applied it to measure the total pore volume of porous particles with a spherical geometry. The methodology is based on using an atomic force microscope as a balance to measure masses of individual particles. Several particles within the same batch were measured, and by plotting particle mass versus particle volume, the bulk density of the sample can be extracted from the slope of the linear fit. The pore volume is then calculated from the densities of the bulk and matrix materials, respectively. In contrast to nitrogen sorption and mercury porosimetry, this method is capable of measuring the total pore volume regardless of pore size distribution and pore connectivity. In this study, three porous samples were investigated by AFM-porosimetry: one ordered mesoporous sample and two disordered foam structures. All samples were based on a matrix of amorphous silica templated by a block copolymer, Pluronic F127, swollen to various degrees with poly(propylene glycol). In addition, the density of silica spheres without a template was measured by two independent techniques: AFM and the Archimedes principle.
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| 2. |
- Svahn, Mathias G., et al.
(författare)
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Self-assembling supramolecular complexes by single-stranded extension from plasmid DNA
- 2007
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Ingår i: Oligonucleotides. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1545-4576 .- 1557-8526. ; 17:1, s. 80-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Self-assembling supramolecular complexes are of great interest for bottom-up research like nanotechnology. DNA is an inexpensive building block with sequence-specific self-assembling capabilities through Watson-Crick and/or Hoogsteen base pairing and could be used for applications in surface chemistry, material science, nanomechanics, nanoelectronics, nanorobotics, and of course in biology. The starting point is usually single-stranded DNA, which is rather easily accessible for base pairing and duplex formation. When long stretches of double-stranded DNA are desirable, serving either as genetic codes or electrical wires, bacterial expansion of plasmids is an inexpensive approach with scale-up properties. Here, we present a method for using double-stranded DNA of any sequence for generating simple structures, such as junctions and DNA lattices. It is known that supercoiled plasmids are strand-invaded by certain DNA analogs. Here we add to the complexity by using Selfassembling UNiversal (SUN) anchors formed by DNA analog oligonucleotides, synthesized with an extension, a sticky-end that can be used for further base pairing with single-stranded DNA. We show here how the same set of SUN anchors can be utilized for gene therapy, plasmid purification, junction for lattices, and plasmid dimerization through Watson-Crick base pairing. Using atomic force microscopy, it has been possible to characterize and quantify individual components of such supra-molecular complexes.
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| 3. |
- Veeregowda, Deepak Halenahally, et al.
(författare)
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Boundary lubrication by brushed salivary conditioning films and their degree of glycosylation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Investigations. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-6981 .- 1436-3771. ; 16:5, s. 1499-1506
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Toothbrushing, though aimed at biofilm removal, also affects the lubricative function of adsorbed salivary conditioning films (SCFs). Different modes of brushing (manual, powered, rotary-oscillatory or sonically driven) influence the SCF in different ways. Our objectives were to compare boundary lubrication of SCFs after different modes of brushing and to explain their lubrication on the basis of their roughness, dehydrated layer thickness, and degree of glycosylation. A pilot study was performed to relate in vitro lubrication with mouthfeel in human volunteers. Materials and methods: Coefficient of friction (COF) on 16-h-old SCFs after manual, rotary-oscillatory, and sonically driven brushing was measured using colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM was also used to assess the roughness of SCFs prior to and after brushing. Dehydrated layer thicknesses and glycosylation of the SCFs were determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Mouthfeel after manual and both modes of powered brushing were evaluated employing a split-mouth design. Results: Compared with unbrushed and manually or sonically driven brushed SCFs, powered rotary-oscillatory brushing leads to deglycosylation of the SCF, loss of thickness, and a rougher film. Concurrently, the COF of a powered rotary-oscillatory brushed SCF increased. Volunteers reported a slightly preferred mouthfeel after sonic brushing as compared to powered rotating-oscillating brushing. Conclusion: Deglycosylation and roughness increase the COF on SCFs. Clinical relevance: Powered rotary-oscillatory brushing can deglycosylate a SCF, leading to a rougher film surface as compared with manual and sonic brushing, decreasing the lubricative function of the SCF. This is consistent with clinical mouthfeel evaluation after different modes of brushing.
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