| 1. |
- Skog, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient internalization into low-passage glioma cell lines using adenoviruses other than type 5: an approach for improvement of gene delivery to brain tumours
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of General Virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 1465-2099 .- 0022-1317. ; 84:9, s. 2627-2638
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need for improvement of the commonly used adenovirus vectors based on serotype 5. This study was performed on three adenovirus serotypes with a CAR-binding motif (Ad4p, Ad5p and Ad17p) and three non-CAR-binding serotypes (Ad11p, Ad16p and Ad21p). The capacity of these alternative adenovirus vector candidates to deliver DNA into low-passage glioma cell lines from seven different donors was evaluated. The non-CAR-binding serotype Ad16p was the most efficient serotype with regard to import of its DNA, as well as initiation of hexon protein expression. Ad16p established hexon expression in 60–80 % of the cell population in gliomas from all donors tested. The other non-CAR-binding serotypes, Ad11p and Ad21p, showed hexon expression in 25–60 and 40–80 % of cells, respectively. The corresponding figure for the best CAR-binding serotype, Ad5p, was only 25–65 %, indicating greater variability between cells from different donors than serotype Ad16p had. The other CAR-binding serotypes, Ad4p and Ad17p, were refractory to some of the gliomas, giving a maximum of only 45 and 40 % hexon expression, respectively, in the most permissive cells. Interestingly, the transduction capacity of the CAR-binding serotypes was not correlated to the level of CAR expression on the cells.
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| 2. |
- Boman, J, et al.
(författare)
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High prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with cardiovascular disease and in middle-aged blood donors.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 178:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) demonstrated the presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae-specific DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PBMC samples were obtained from 103 consecutive patients (62 male, 41 female) aged 22-85 years (mean, 64) admitted for coronary angiography because of suspected coronary heart disease and from 52 blood donors (43 male, 9 female) aged 40-64 years (mean, 49). Of the 101 evaluable patients, 60 (59%) were identified by nPCR assay as C. pneumoniae DNA carriers; C. pneumoniae-specific microimmunofluorescence (MIF) serology confirmed exposure to the bacterium in 57 (95%) of the 60 nPCR-positive patients. Among the 52 blood donors, the nPCR assay identified 24 (46%) C. pneumoniae DNA carriers, all of whom were positive by C. pneumoniae-specific serology. Thirty-two patients (32%) and 23 blood donors (44%) were MIF antibody-positive but repeatedly nPCR-negative; Bartonella henselae- or Bartonella quintana-specific antibodies were not detected among any of these subjects. In this study, C. pneumoniae DNA was common in PBMC of patients with coronary heart disease and in middle-aged blood donors.
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| 3. |
- Anna, B., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Animal model of rotavirus infection in rabbits - protection obtained without shedding of viral antigen.
- 1989
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Ingår i: Archives of Virology. - : Springer. - 0304-8608 .- 1432-8798. ; 107:3-4, s. 237-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A small animal model was developed in order to investigate the pathogenesis and immunology of rotavirus infections and to study the interaction of different virus strains. Seronegative rabbits of the breed French Lop were used. Two rabbit rotavirus strains, belonging to the same serotype, were used: 82/311 F and R-2, both isolated during diarrhoeal outbreaks in commercial rabbitries. The animals were inoculated orally. The viral shedding and the serological response was monitored by ELISA. Initially six weeks old kits were given four different doses of strain R-2. With doses ranging from 1 x 10(3) to 1 x 10(6) TCID50 all animals seroconverted, but for the lowest dose no viral excretion could be detected. No clinical symptoms were observed. Subsequently the age periods during which the animals were susceptible to the strain R-2 was investigated. The rabbits seroconverted and shed rotavirus antigen, independent of age of six or 22 weeks. None of the animals had diarrhoea. Administration of strain 82/311 F did not result in viral shedding, independently of dose, but all the animals seroconverted. It was also shown for the strain R-2 that when challenging with the same strain four weeks post inoculation that the animals were protected; no viral shedding was detected at the second infection. Strain 82/311 F gave protection against R-2 when the rabbits were challenged four weeks post inoculation.
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| 4. |
- Dicks, Matthew DJ, et al.
(författare)
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A novel chimpanzee adenovirus vector with low human seroprevalence : improved systems for vector derivation and comparative immunogenicity
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:7, s. e40385-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recombinant adenoviruses are among the most promising tools for vaccine antigen delivery. Recently, the development of new vectors has focused on serotypes to which the human population is less exposed in order to circumvent preexisting anti vector immunity. This study describes the derivation of a new vaccine vector based on a chimpanzee adenovirus, Y25, together with a comparative assessment of its potential to elicit transgene product specific immune responses in mice. The vector was constructed in a bacterial artificial chromosome to facilitate genetic manipulation of genomic clones. In order to conduct a fair head-to-head immunological comparison of multiple adenoviral vectors, we optimised a method for accurate determination of infectious titre, since this parameter exhibits profound natural variability and can confound immunogenicity studies when doses are based on viral particle estimation. Cellular immunogenicity of recombinant E1 E3-deleted vector ChAdY25 was comparable to that of other species E derived chimpanzee adenovirus vectors including ChAd63, the first simian adenovirus vector to enter clinical trials in humans. Furthermore, the prevalence of virus neutralizing antibodies (titre >1:200) against ChAdY25 in serum samples collected from two human populations in the UK and Gambia was particularly low compared to published data for other chimpanzee adenoviruses. These findings support the continued development of new chimpanzee adenovirus vectors, including ChAdY25, for clinical use.
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| 5. |
- Grankvist, O, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of nephropathia epidemica virus RNA in patient samples using a nested primer-based polymerase chain reaction
- 1992
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Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - 1537-6613 .- 0022-1899. ; 165:5, s. 934-937
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A nested primer-based polymerase chain reaction was constructed for the detection of Puumala virus RNA in patient samples. Puumala virus RNA was detected in cells from the urinary and the respiratory tracts and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with nephropathia epidemica. After inoculation with nephropathia epidemica patient material on Vero E6 cells and propagation for nine passages (4 months), Puumala virus RNA was detected at every passage. Hybridization under high-stringency conditions revealed that the overall nucleotide homology between the different patient isolates and the prototype strain (Puumala) is high. Using cDNA from Hallnas B1 strain as a probe, hybridization occurred only under low-stringency conditions.
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| 6. |
- Strand, M., et al.
(författare)
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2- 4,5-Difluoro-2-(2-Fluorobenzoylamino)-Benzoylamino Benzoic Acid, an Antiviral Compound with Activity against Acyclovir-Resistant Isolates of Herpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2
- 2012
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Ingår i: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 0066-4804 .- 1098-6596. ; 56:11, s. 5735-5743
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are responsible for lifelong latent infections in humans, with periods of viral reactivation associated with recurring ulcerations in the orofacial and genital tracts. In immunosuppressed patients and neonates, HSV infections are associated with severe morbidity and, in some cases, even mortality. Today, acyclovir is the standard therapy for the management of HSV infections. However, the need for novel antiviral agents is apparent, since HSV isolates resistant to acyclovir therapy are frequently isolated in immunosuppressed patients. In this study, we assessed the anti-HSV activity of the antiadenoviral compounds 2-[2-(2- benzoylamino)-benzoylamino]benzoic acid (benzavir-1) and 2-[4,5-difluoro-2-(2-fluorobenzoylamino)-benzoylamino]benzoic acid (benzavir-2) on HSV-1 and HSV-2. Both compounds were active against both viruses. Importantly, benzavir-2 had potency similar to that of acyclovir against both HSV types, and it was active against clinical acyclovir-resistant HSV isolates.
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| 7. |
- Sundström, P, et al.
(författare)
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An altered immune response to Epstein-Barr virus in multiple sclerosis : a prospective study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Neurology. - : Aan publication. - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 62:12, s. 2277-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the association between human herpesviruses and multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as between measles virus and MS.Methods: The authors identified prospectively collected serum samples from 73 MS cases and retrospective sera from 161 MS cases in two population-based serum bank registers. Analyses of IgG antibody responses in cases and matched referents were performed for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV [EBNA-1 and VCA]), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and measles.Results: All cases showed signs of past EBV infection. High activity to EBNA-1 and HHV-6 significantly (borderline significance for HHV-6) increased the risk for MS in prospective sera. A discrepancy between activities to EBNA-1 and VCA was striking in MS samples collected less than 5 years before relapsing-remitting MS onset, where high activity to EBNA-1 significantly increased, and high VCA activity significantly decreased the risk for MS. There was no support for major causal roles for HSV, VZV, or measles.Conclusion: Individuals who will develop MS exhibit an altered immune response against the EBV virus characterized by a high IgG activity to EBNA-1 in the absence of high activity to VCA, this being most pronounced in the 5-year period preceding MS onset.
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| 8. |
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