| 1. |
- Lammertsma, Emmy I., et al.
(författare)
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Sensitivity of wetland hydrology to external climate forcing in central Florida
- 2015
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Ingår i: Quaternary Research. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0033-5894 .- 1096-0287. ; 84:3, s. 287-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Available proxy records from the Florida peninsula give a varying view on hydrological changes during the late Holocene. Here we evaluate the consistency and sensitivity of local wetland records in relation to hydrological changes over the past ~ 5 ka based on pollen and diatom proxies from peat cores in Highlands Hammock State Park, central Florida. Around 5 cal ka BP, a dynamic floodplain environment is present. Subsequently, a wetland forest establishes, followed by a change to persistent wet conditions between ~ 2.5 and 2.0 ka. Long hydroperiods remain despite gradual succession and basin infilling with maximum wet conditions between ~ 1.3 and 1.0 ka. The wet phase and subsequent strong drying over the last millennium, as indicated by shifts in both pollen and diatom assemblages, can be linked to the early Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age, respectively, driven by regionally higher sea-surface temperatures and a temporary northward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Changes during the 20th century are the result of constructions intended to protect the Highlands Hammock State Park from wildfires. The multiple cores and proxies allow distinguishing local and regional hydrological changes. The peat records reflect relatively subtle climatic changes that are not evident from regional pollen records from lakes.
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| 2. |
- Steinthorsdottir, Margret, et al.
(författare)
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Hot summers ahead? Multi-decadal spring season warming precedes sudden summer temperature rise in pre-anthropogenic climate change.
- 2019
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Ingår i: GFF. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-5897 .- 2000-0863. ; , s. 175-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Waning annual seasonality is documented in an up to one-month advance in spring onset since the 1980’s in northern latitudes, perturbing ecosystems and socio-economic performance. Summer temperatures, in contrast, have been rising only recently, indicating an offset in seasonal warming. The limited time span of this observational data makes the asynchronous pattern difficult to quantify, hindering projections of intra-annual dynamics. We explore temporal phase relations of seasonal warming over the Late Pleniglacial/Bølling and the Younger Dryas/Holocene climate transitions that preceded present anthropogenic warming. We determine past spring onset and thermal properties from dwarf birch paleo-phenology. Reconstructed spring warming led maximum summer warming by about a century during both transitions. Long-term reconstruction of intra-annual temperature regimes provides the perspective required for seasonal response analysis. Our results document that multidecadal spring season warming precedes sudden summer temperature rise also during natural climate change. The rapidity of present seasonality changes, however, is unprecedented.
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| 3. |
- Wagner-Cremer, Friederike, et al.
(författare)
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Tracing growing degree-day changes in the cuticle morphology of Betula nana leaves : a new micro-phenological palaeo-proxy
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Quaternary Science. - : Wiley. - 0267-8179 .- 1099-1417. ; 25:6, s. 1008-1017
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changing growing-season properties in the northern latitudes are among the most obvious consequences of ongoing global change. Available techniques including satellite monitoring and phenological observations enable the detection of changes over the last few decades to centuries, but the full range of natural variability is still difficult to capture. Here we introduce a new approach to reconstruct growing season properties, by studying imprints of prolonged growing season on epidermal cell growth in Betula nana. A high correlation between cell expansion determined in annually collected B. nana leaves and subfossil leaf fragments collected from recent peat sections in northern Scandinavia, and climatic indices such as budburst date, growing-season degree-days and May–September mean temperatures, enable the establishment of a new micro-phenological proxy for growing season characteristics. The applicability of the epidermal cell undulation index (UI) is tested by comparison with historical instrumental records of growing-season degree-days for the last 200 a. The results demonstrate the potential of the new leaf-morphology-based technique to reconstruct and quantify past changes in growing degree-days beyond instrumental data series. Applied to abundant B. nana leaf remains from peat and lake sediments, the UI may enable a reconstruction of growing degree-days throughout the Holocene and other parts of the late Quaternary.
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