| 1. |
- Ghalebani, Leila, et al.
(författare)
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pH-dependence of the specific binding of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions to the amyloid-beta peptide
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 421:3, s. 554-560
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metal ions like Cu(II) and Zn(II) are accumulated in Alzheimer's disease amyloid plaques. The amyloid-beta (A beta) peptide involved in the disease interacts with these metal ions at neutral pH via ligands provided by the N-terminal histidines and the N-terminus. The present study uses high-resolution NMR spectroscopy to monitor the residue-specific interactions of Cu(II) and Zn(II) with N-15- and C-13,N-15-labeled A beta(1-40) peptides at varying pH levels. At pH 7.4 both ions bind to the specific ligands, competing with one another. At pH 5.5 Cu(II) retains its specific histidine ligands, while Zn(II) seems to lack residue-specific interactions. The low pH mimics acidosis which is linked to inflammatory processes in vivo. The results suggest that the cell toxic effects of redox active Cu(II) binding to AD may be reversed by the protective activity of non-redox active Zn(II) binding to the same major binding site under non-acidic conditions. Under acidic conditions, the protective effect of Zn(II) may be decreased or changed, since Zn(II) is less able to compete with Cu(II) for the specific binding site on the AD peptide under these conditions.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Lindgren, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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N-terminal engineering of amyloid-β-binding Affibody molecules yields improved chemical synthesis and higher binding affinity
- 2010
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Ingår i: Protein Science. - : Wiley. - 0961-8368 .- 1469-896X. ; 19:12, s. 2319-2329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aggregation of amyloid-beta (A beta) peptides is believed to be a major factor in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease Molecules binding with high affinity and selectivity to A beta-peptides are important tools for investigating the aggregation process An A beta-binding Affibody molecule, Z(A beta 3), has earlier been selected by phage display and shown to bind A beta(1-40) with nanomolar affinity and to inhibit A beta-peptide aggregation In this study, we create truncated functional versions of the Z(A beta 3) Affibody molecule better suited for chemical synthesis production Engineered Affibody molecules of different length were produced by solid phase peptide synthesis and allowed to form covalently linked homodimers by S-S-bridges The N-terminally truncated Affibody molecules Z(A beta 3)(12-58), Z(A beta 3)(15-58), and Z(A beta 3)(18-58) were produced in considerably higher synthetic yield than the corresponding full-length molecule Z(A beta 3)(1-58) Circular dichroism spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance-based biosensor analysis showed that the shortest Affibody molecule, Z(A beta 3)(18-58), exhibited complete loss of binding to the A beta(1-40)-peptide, while the Z(A beta 3)(12-58) and Z(A beta 3)(15-58) Affibody molecules both displayed approximately one order of magnitude higher binding affinity to the A beta(1-40)-peptide compared to the full-length Affibody molecule Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that the structure of A beta(1-40) in complex with the truncated Affibody dimers is very similar to the previously published solution structure of the A beta(1-40)-peptide in complex with the full-length Z(A beta 3) Affibody molecule This indicates that the N-terminally truncated Affibody molecules Z(A beta 3)(12-58) and Z(A beta 3)(15-58) are highly promising for further engineering and future use as binding agents to monomeric A beta(1-40)
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| 4. |
- Wahlström, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Specific binding of a beta cyclodextrin dimer to the amyloid beta peptide modulates the peptide aggregation process
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biochemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0006-2960 .- 1520-4995. ; 51:21, s. 4280-4289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alzheimer's disease involves progressive neuronal loss. Linked to the disease is the amyloid beta (A beta) peptide, a 38-43-amino acid peptide found in extracellular amyloid plaques in the brain. Cyclodextrins are nontoxic, cone-shaped oligosaccharides with a hydrophilic exterior and a hydrophobic cavity making them suitable hosts for aromatic guest molecules in water. beta-Cyclodextrin consists of seven alpha-D-glucopyranoside units and has been shown to reduce the level of fibrillation and neurotoxicity of A beta. We have studied the interaction between A beta and a beta-cyclodextrin dimer, consisting of two beta-cyclodextrin monomers connected by a flexible linker. The beta-cyclodextrin monomer has been found to interact with A beta(1-40) at sites Y10, F19, and/or F20 with a dissociation constant (K-D) of 3.9 +/- 2.0 mM. Here H-1-N-15 and H-1-C-13 heteronuclear single-quantum correlation nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra show that in addition, the beta-cyclodextrin monomer and dimer bind to the histidines. NMR translational diffusion experiments reveal the increased affinity of the beta-cyclodextrin dimer (apparent K-D of 1.1 +/- .5 mM) for A beta(1-40) compared to that of the beta-cyclodextrin monomer. Kinetic aggregation experiments based on thioflavin T fluorescence indicate that the dimer at 0.05-5 mM decreases the lag time of A beta aggregation, while a concentration of 10 mM increases the lag time. The beta-cyclodextrin monomer at a high concentration decreases the lag time of the aggregation. We conclude that cyclodextrin monomers and dimers have specific, modulating effects on the A beta(1-40) aggregation process. Transmission electron microscopy shows that the regular fibrillar aggregates formed by A beta(1-40) alone are replaced by a major fraction of amorphous aggregates in the presence of the beta-cyclodextrin dimer.
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