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- Halliday, T. A., et al.
(author)
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Post-operative nausea and vomiting in bariatric surgery patients : an observational study
- 2017
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In: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - Hoboken : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 61:5, s. 471-479
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The risk of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing bariatric surgery is unclear. The aim of the study was to investigate the risk of PONV and the use and effectiveness of PONV prophylaxis.Methods: This prospective observational study included 74 patients undergoing bariatric surgery with total intravenous anaesthesia. Patients were given PONV prophylaxis based on published guidelines and a simplified PONV risk score. Perioperative data were collected and a questionnaire was used at 2, 4, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after the operation to evaluate PONV. Data are presented as risk (%) with the 95% confidence interval.Results: Sixty five per cent (54-75) of the patients experienced PONV in the first 24 post-operative hours and the risk increased with the number of risk factors for PONV. PONV occurred in 78% (66-87) of women and 26% (12-49) of men during the first 24 h. In relation to the guidelines, one patient received suboptimal PONV prophylaxis, 23% received optimal prophylaxis and 76% supra-optimal prophylaxis. The risk of PONV was 82% (59-94) with optimal prophylaxis and 59% (46-71) with supra-optimal prophylaxis. Of all patients, 34% (24-45) experienced severe PONV in the first 24 h that limited their activity.Conclusions: The incidence of PONV in bariatric surgery patients was high despite a PONV prophylaxis regime following current guidelines. These results cast doubt as to the effectiveness of the usual PONV prophylaxis in this patient group and point to the need for further investigation of PONV prophylaxis and treatment in bariatric surgery patients.
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- Kihlgren, T, et al.
(author)
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K/graphite: Uniform energy shifts of graphite valence states
- 2006
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In: Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-6028 .- 1879-2758. ; 600:5, s. 1160-1164
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ultra-thin graphite overlayers prepared by heating SiC crystals can give highly resolved valence band photoemission spectra. This is exploited to monitor K deposition induced energy shifts of graphite valence band states. States near the corners of the Brillouin zone, responsible for the semimetal character of graphite, are observed to show shifts that are nearly equal to the shifts of the uppermost filled sigma state and of an empty state 7.6 eV above EF. The results give credence to the rigid band shift model often used to discuss the electronic structure and charge transfer for graphite ad- and absorption systems. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Kihlgren, T, et al.
(author)
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Narrow photoemission lines from graphite valence states
- 2002
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In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 66:23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Valence-band photoelectron angular distributions, measured in the photon energy range 20-150 eV, are obtained from crystalline graphite overlayers prepared by heating SiC(0001) and from a graphite natural single crystal. The dispersion of the valence bands for the overlayers agrees well with that of the single crystal. The valence electrons have binding energies, which agree with LDA calculations if the calculated binding energies are multiplied by a factor of 1.13. The upper sigma state at Gamma and states near the Fermi level at the zone corners give quite narrow emission lines. Since the widths are on par with that of the C 1s level the lines are of interest as an alternative to the core line when graphite is used as substrate for adsorption or absorption studies.
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- Thiagarajan, Balasubramanian, et al.
(author)
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Narrow UV photoemission lines from graphite
- 2002
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In: 7th International Conference on Nanometer-Scale Science andTechnology and 21st European Conference on Surface Science.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Stimulated by the recent observation by LEED that well ordered graphite overlayers may be prepared by heating SiC crystals [1] we have used LEED, STM and UPS (hv = 20-140 eV) to study such layers and compared the photoemission spectra to those we obtain from a natural single crystal. Two results are of particular interest. One is that the overlayers give spectra having a quality well on par with those from the natural crystal. This means that the overlayers can be attractive as an alternative to natural crystals, which are inconveniently small for many experiments. The other result is that there are graphite states, which give quite narrow emission lines. One is due to the upper σ state at Γ and another to states near the Fermi level, which for graphite means states at the zone corners. Both lines should be useful for ador absorption studies as an alternative to the C 1s core line and the σ line may provide testing ground for the current modeling of excitation lifetimes in graphite.
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- Wallden, K, et al.
(author)
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SnoN Stabilizes the SMAD3/SMAD4 Protein Complex
- 2017
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In: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7, s. 46370-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- TGF-β signaling regulates cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis through activation of SMAD transcription factors that are in turn modulated by members of the Ski-SnoN family. In this process, Ski has been shown to negatively modulate TGF-β signaling by disrupting active R-SMAD/Co-SMAD heteromers. Here, we show that the related regulator SnoN forms a stable complex with the R-SMAD (SMAD3) and the Co-SMAD (SMAD4). To rationalize this stabilization at the molecular level, we determined the crystal structure of a complex between the SAND domain of SnoN and the MH2-domain of SMAD4. This structure shows a binding mode that is compatible with simultaneous coordination of R-SMADs. Our results show that SnoN, and SMAD heteromers can form a joint structural core for the binding of other transcription modulators. The results are of fundamental importance for our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the modulation of TGF-β signaling.
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