| 1. |
- Fenstermacher, M.E., et al.
(författare)
-
DIII-D research advancing the physics basis for optimizing the tokamak approach to fusion energy
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 62:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DIII-D physics research addresses critical challenges for the operation of ITER and the next generation of fusion energy devices. This is done through a focus on innovations to provide solutions for high performance long pulse operation, coupled with fundamental plasma physics understanding and model validation, to drive scenario development by integrating high performance core and boundary plasmas. Substantial increases in off-axis current drive efficiency from an innovative top launch system for EC power, and in pressure broadening for Alfven eigenmode control from a co-/counter-I p steerable off-axis neutral beam, all improve the prospects for optimization of future long pulse/steady state high performance tokamak operation. Fundamental studies into the modes that drive the evolution of the pedestal pressure profile and electron vs ion heat flux validate predictive models of pedestal recovery after ELMs. Understanding the physics mechanisms of ELM control and density pumpout by 3D magnetic perturbation fields leads to confident predictions for ITER and future devices. Validated modeling of high-Z shattered pellet injection for disruption mitigation, runaway electron dissipation, and techniques for disruption prediction and avoidance including machine learning, give confidence in handling disruptivity for future devices. For the non-nuclear phase of ITER, two actuators are identified to lower the L-H threshold power in hydrogen plasmas. With this physics understanding and suite of capabilities, a high poloidal beta optimized-core scenario with an internal transport barrier that projects nearly to Q = 10 in ITER at ∼8 MA was coupled to a detached divertor, and a near super H-mode optimized-pedestal scenario with co-I p beam injection was coupled to a radiative divertor. The hybrid core scenario was achieved directly, without the need for anomalous current diffusion, using off-axis current drive actuators. Also, a controller to assess proximity to stability limits and regulate β N in the ITER baseline scenario, based on plasma response to probing 3D fields, was demonstrated. Finally, innovative tokamak operation using a negative triangularity shape showed many attractive features for future pilot plant operation.
|
|
| 2. |
- You, Xiaohu, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards 6G wireless communication networks: vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Science China Information Sciences. - : Science Press. - 1674-733X .- 1869-1919. ; 64:1
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized, such as mass connectivity, ultra-reliability, and guaranteed low latency. However, 5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond, and sixth generation (6G) wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage, enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency, better intelligence level and security, etc. To meet these requirements, 6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies, i.e., air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture, such as waveform design, multiple access, channel coding schemes, multi-antenna technologies, network slicing, cell-free architecture, and cloud/fog/edge computing. Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts. First, to satisfy the requirement of global coverage, 6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks, which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication networks, thus achieving a space-air-ground-sea integrated communication network. Second, all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density, including the sub-6 GHz, millimeter wave (mmWave), terahertz (THz), and optical frequency bands. Third, facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks, diverse communication scenarios, large numbers of antennas, wide bandwidths, and new service requirements, 6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data technologies. Fourth, network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks. This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects. Clearly, 6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable faster and further communications to the extent that the boundary between physical and cyber worlds disappears.
|
|
| 3. |
- Tommasini, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Accepted Tutorials at The Web Conference 2022
- 2022
-
Ingår i: WWW 2022 - Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2022. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). ; , s. 391-399
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarizes the content of the 20 tutorials that have been given at The Web Conference 2022: 85% of these tutorials are lecture style, and 15% of these are hands on.
|
|
| 4. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Visual Object Tracking VOT2015 challenge results
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Proceedings 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops ICCVW 2015. - : IEEE. - 9780769557205 ; , s. 564-586
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge 2015, VOT2015, aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. Results of 62 trackers are presented. The number of tested trackers makes VOT 2015 the largest benchmark on short-term tracking to date. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the appendix. Features of the VOT2015 challenge that go beyond its VOT2014 predecessor are: (i) a new VOT2015 dataset twice as large as in VOT2014 with full annotation of targets by rotated bounding boxes and per-frame attribute, (ii) extensions of the VOT2014 evaluation methodology by introduction of a new performance measure. The dataset, the evaluation kit as well as the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
|
|
| 5. |
- Pecunia, Vincenzo, et al.
(författare)
-
Roadmap on energy harvesting materials
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 2515-7639. ; 6:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ambient energy harvesting has great potential to contribute to sustainable development and address growing environmental challenges. Converting waste energy from energy-intensive processes and systems (e.g. combustion engines and furnaces) is crucial to reducing their environmental impact and achieving net-zero emissions. Compact energy harvesters will also be key to powering the exponentially growing smart devices ecosystem that is part of the Internet of Things, thus enabling futuristic applications that can improve our quality of life (e.g. smart homes, smart cities, smart manufacturing, and smart healthcare). To achieve these goals, innovative materials are needed to efficiently convert ambient energy into electricity through various physical mechanisms, such as the photovoltaic effect, thermoelectricity, piezoelectricity, triboelectricity, and radiofrequency wireless power transfer. By bringing together the perspectives of experts in various types of energy harvesting materials, this Roadmap provides extensive insights into recent advances and present challenges in the field. Additionally, the Roadmap analyses the key performance metrics of these technologies in relation to their ultimate energy conversion limits. Building on these insights, the Roadmap outlines promising directions for future research to fully harness the potential of energy harvesting materials for green energy anytime, anywhere.
|
|
| 6. |
- Wang, Xiaoyu, et al.
(författare)
-
Guest Editorial: Modeling and Simulation Methods for Analysis and Design of Advanced Energy Conversion Systems
- 2020
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. - 1558-0059 .- 0885-8969. ; 35:1, s. 309-311
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The papers in this special section examine modeling and simulation methods for the analysis and design of advanced energy conversion systems. Energy conversion lies aEnergyveral fronts including materials, conversion methods, power electronics, and controls have created new opportunities for efficient energy conversion from both the conventional and new sources of energy. Our urgent need to solve many critical problems with regards to the sustainability and security of our energy system as well as the ever-increasing environmental challenges facing humanity have further spurred unprecedented opportunities for creation of innovative solutions to address these challenges.
|
|
| 7. |
- Wang, Nan, et al.
(författare)
-
Vertically Aligned Graphene-based Thermal Interface Material with High Thermal Conductivity
- 2018
-
Ingår i: THERMINIC 2018 - 24th International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems, Proceedings. - 9781538667590 ; , s. 285-288
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- High density packaging in combination with increased transistor integration inevitably leads to challenging power densities in terms of thermal management. Here, a novel highly thermal conductive and lightweight graphene based thermal interface materials (GT) was developed for thermal management in power devices. Composed by vertically graphene structures, GTs provide a continuous high thermal conductivity phase along the path of thermal transport, which lead to outstanding thermal properties. The highest through-plane thermal conductivity GTs reaches to 1000 W/mK, which is orders of magnitude higher than conventional TIMs, and even outperforms the pure indium by over ten times. In addition, a thin layer of indium metal that coated on the surface of GTs can easily form alloys with many other metals at a relatively low reflow temperature. Therefore, GTs, as an excellent TIM, can provide complete physical contact between two surfaces with minimized the contact resistance. The measured total thermal resistance and effective thermal conductivity by using 300 mu m thick GTs as TIM between two copper blocks reaches to similar to 3.7 Kmm(2)/W and similar to 90 W/mK, respectively. Such values are significantly higher than the randomly dispersed composites presented above, and show even better thermal performance than pure indium bonding. In addition, GTs has more advantages than pure indium bonding, including low weight (density < 2 g/cm(3)), low complexity during assembly and maintainability. The resulting GTs thus opens new opportunities for addressing large heat dissipation issues in form-factor driven electronics and other high power driven systems.
|
|
| 8. |
- Hu, Jiandong, et al.
(författare)
-
Development of a Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensing Approach for the Rapid Detection of Porcine Circovirus Type2 in Sample Solutions
- 2014
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:10, s. e111292-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A sensitive and label-free analytical approach for the detection of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) instead of PCV2 antibody in serum sample was systematically investigated in this research based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with an establishment of special molecular identification membrane. The experimental device for constructing the biosensing analyzer is composed of an integrated biosensor, a home-made microfluidic module, and an electrical control circuit incorporated with a photoelectric converter. In order to detect the PCV2 using the surface plasmon resonance immunoassay, the mercaptopropionic acid has been used to bind the Au film in advance through the known form of the strong S-Au covalent bonds formed by the chemical radical of the mercaptopropionic acid and the Au film. PCV2 antibodies were bonded with the mercaptopropionic acid by covalent -CO-NH- amide bonding. For the purpose of evaluating the performance of this approach, the known concentrations of PCV2 Cap protein of 10 mu g/mL, 7.5 mu g/mL, 5 mu g/mL, 2.5 mu g/mL, 1 mu g/mL, and 0.5 mu g/mL were prepared by diluting with PBS successively and then the delta response units (Delta RUs) were measured individually. Using the data collected from the linear CCD array, the Delta RUs gave a linear response over a wide concentration range of standard known concentrations of PCV2 Cap protein with the R-Squared value of 0.99625. The theoretical limit of detection was calculated to be 0.04 mu g/mL for the surface plasmon resonance biosensing approach. Correspondingly, the recovery rate ranged from 81.0% to 89.3% was obtained. In contrast to the PCV2 detection kits, this surface plasmon resonance biosensing system was validated through linearity, precision and recovery, which demonstrated that the surface plasmon resonance immunoassay is reliable and robust. It was concluded that the detection method which is associated with biomembrane properties is expected to contribute much to determine the PCV2 in sample solutions instead of PCV2 antibody in serum samples quantitatively.
|
|
| 9. |
- Chen, Kaixuan, et al.
(författare)
-
Mapping formation mechanisms and transformation regimes of multiple Fe precipitates in Cu-Fe-Co alloy during casting process
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Scripta Materialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-6462 .- 1872-8456. ; 246
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Precipitate features including size, morphology, crystal structure, etc., are important parameters determining the performance of precipitate-strengthened alloys. Multiple Fe precipitates were identified in as-cast Cu alloys exhibiting the distinct features, which dramatically influence mechanical properties. However, a complete understanding of precipitation behaviors of Fe particles during casting, in terms of both microscopic kinetics and thermodynamics, remains experimentally challenging. Here, we report the combined implementation of transmission electron microscopy, Thermo-Calc calculations and First-principles calculations to map mechanisms and growth regimes of Fe precipitation in a Cu-Fe-Co system. Our analyses support the idea that to understand the microstructural evolution in the system, both thermodynamic and kinetic arguments must be taken into account. Then, using our multi-approach strategy, the complete picture of the formation and transformation of Fe precipitates is proposed. This work is vital to promote microstructural design for Cu-Fe(-Co) systems, and sheds new insights into understanding of intricate precipitation in alloys.
|
|
| 10. |
- Chen, Xin, et al.
(författare)
-
Reinforcement learning for distributed hybrid flowshop scheduling problem with variable task splitting towards mass personalized manufacturing
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of manufacturing systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6125 .- 1878-6642. ; 76, s. 188-206
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mass personalization manufacturing (MPM), an emerging production pattern, aims to improve enterprise profit in modern industries. However, the processing of heterogeneous orders from the consumers complicates such production scheduling problem. In addition, different scale tasks should adopt different splitting strategies in practical manufacturing, which makes the task splitting method more worthy of investigation. Towards MPM, this paper presents a distributed hybrid flowshop scheduling problem with variable task splitting (DHFSP-VTS) to minimize the makespan and total energy consumption simultaneously. Meanwhile, the VTS allows the tasks to be split into different sublots so they can save setup and transfer time. To solve these problems, we present an order modularization processing method that can categorize multiple types of orders into specific generation tasks, and a highly effective reinforcement learning-multiple objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (RLMOEA/D) is designed. In RL-MOEA/D, there are three features: (1) three initial rules are used for initialization based on the current splitting scheme that can increase the diversity of solutions; (2) the reinforcement learning agent uses the Q-learning mechanism to dynamically select the scheme of task splitting as action; (3) a neighborhood search strategy improves the exploitation ability and expand the solution space. To verify the effectiveness of RL-MOEA/D, the MOEA/Ds based on four splitting schemes and four RL combined meta-heuristics are compared on 18 instances. The results show that RL-MOEA/D can obtain the best optimization and stability of all the other comparison algorithms. Therefore, it's a new technique to solve DHFSP with large-scale tasks, especially for the problem of MPM.
|
|
