| 1. |
- Zeng, Jiangyuan, et al.
(författare)
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Innovations in science, technology, engineering, and policy (iSTEP) for addressing environmental issues towards sustainable development
- 2024
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Ingår i: The Innovation Geoscience. - : Innovation Press. - 2959-8753. ; 2:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainable development depends on the integration of the economy, society, and environment. Yet, escalating environmental challenges pose threats to both society and the economy. Despite progress in addressing environmental issues to promote sustainability, knowledge gaps in scientific research, technological advancement, engineering practice, and policy development persist. In this review, we aim to narrow these gaps by proposing innovation-based solutions and refining existing paradigms. Reviewing past research and actions, we first elucidate the evolution of sustainability science and the essence of sustainable development and its assessment. Secondly, we summarize current major environmental issues, including global warming and climate change, biodiversity loss, land degradation and desertification, and environmental pollution, as well as their relationships with sustainability and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Subsequently, this review critically evaluates the role of innovations in science, technology, engineering, and policy (iSTEP) and their synergies in advancing sustainability and SDGs. While their sequential relationships may vary based on specific contexts or sustainability scenarios within the iSTEP framework, each component reinforces the others, fostering continuous improvement. Finally, this review offers recommendations and future perspectives for formulating sustainability roadmaps. Recommendations include fostering a vision of sustainability, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration, and encouraging transboundary cooperation among stakeholders for future sustainability endeavors.
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| 2. |
- Gosens, Jorrit, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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The limits of academic entrepreneurship: Conflicting expectations about commercialization and innovation in China's nascent sector for advanced bio-energy technologies
- 2018
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Ingår i: Energy Research and Social Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-6296. ; 37, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite many years of substantial government research funding, advanced bio-energy technologies in China have seen limited commercial application. Chinese policy makers are increasingly critical of academic organizations for neglecting their role in the transfer of scientific results into industrial applications. We interviewed a selection of Chinese research groups working on bio-energy technologies, and asked them to describe their efforts at commercialization. We found that they focus their research on technological pathways with commercial potential, they patent and attempt to license their technologies, they are highly involved in large scale demonstration plants, and have created a number of new firms. Industry and government may have unrealistic expectations on the maturity and scale of technologies that academia can develop, however. These findings contrast with many earlier analyses of early commercialization stages of novel technologies, which have commonly identified lacking academic entrepreneurship as a root cause in stalling development.
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| 3. |
- Wang, Lei, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable High-Performance Hydraulic Concrete
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 14:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Concrete has always been indispensable as a material for the engineering and construction of hydraulic structures (e [...]
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| 4. |
- Thompson, Paul M., et al.
(författare)
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The ENIGMA Consortium : large-scale collaborative analyses of neuroimaging and genetic data
- 2014
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Ingår i: BRAIN IMAGING BEHAV. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1931-7557 .- 1931-7565. ; 8:2, s. 153-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium is a collaborative network of researchers working together on a range of large-scale studies that integrate data from 70 institutions worldwide. Organized into Working Groups that tackle questions in neuroscience, genetics, and medicine, ENIGMA studies have analyzed neuroimaging data from over 12,826 subjects. In addition, data from 12,171 individuals were provided by the CHARGE consortium for replication of findings, in a total of 24,997 subjects. By meta-analyzing results from many sites, ENIGMA has detected factors that affect the brain that no individual site could detect on its own, and that require larger numbers of subjects than any individual neuroimaging study has currently collected. ENIGMA's first project was a genome-wide association study identifying common variants in the genome associated with hippocampal volume or intracranial volume. Continuing work is exploring genetic associations with subcortical volumes (ENIGMA2) and white matter microstructure (ENIGMA-DTI). Working groups also focus on understanding how schizophrenia, bipolar illness, major depression and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affect the brain. We review the current progress of the ENIGMA Consortium, along with challenges and unexpected discoveries made on the way.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Johannesson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Can laypeople predict the replicability of social science studies without expert intervention : An exploratory study
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The low replication rate of published studies has long concerned the social science community, making understanding the replicability a critical problem. Several studies have shown that relevant research communities can make predictions about the replicability of individual studies with above-chance accuracy. Follow-up work further indicates that laypeople can also achieve above-chance accuracy in predicting replicability when experts interpret the studies into short descriptions that are more accessible for laypeople. The involvement of scarce expert resources may make these methods expensive from financial and time perspectives. In this work, we explored whether laypeople can predict the replicability of social science studies without expert intervention. We presented laypeople with raw materials truncated from published social science papers and elicited their answers to questions related to the paper. Our results suggested that laypeople were engaged in this technical task, providing reasonable and self-contained answers. The majority of them also demonstrated a good understanding of the material. However, the solicited information had limited predictive power on the actual replication outcomes. We further discuss several lessons we learned compared to the approach with expert intervention to inspire future works.
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| 7. |
- Li, Yibing, et al.
(författare)
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Digital twin-based job shop anomaly detection and dynamic scheduling
- 2023
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Ingår i: Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0736-5845 .- 1879-2537. ; 79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scheduling scheme is one of the critical factors affecting the production efficiency. In the actual production, anomalies will lead to scheduling deviation and influence scheme execution, which makes the traditional job shop scheduling methods are not sufficient to meet the needs of real-time and accuracy. By introducing digital twin (DT), further convergence between physical and virtual space can be achieved, which enormously reinforces real-time performance of job shop scheduling. For flexible job shop, an anomaly detection and dynamic scheduling framework based on DT is proposed in this paper. Previously, a multi-level production process monitoring model is proposed to detect anomaly. Then, a real-time optimization strategy of scheduling scheme based on rolling window mechanism is explored to enforce dynamic scheduling optimization. Finally, the improved grey wolf optimization algorithm is introduced to solve the scheduling problem. Under this framework, it is possible to monitor the deviation between the actual processing state and the planned processing state in real time and effectively reduce the deviation. An equipment manufacturing job shop is taken as a case study to illustrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed framework.
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| 8. |
- Li, Z., et al.
(författare)
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A Bibliometric Analysis on Model-based Systems Engineering
- 2021
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Ingår i: ISSE 2021 - 7th IEEE International Symposium on Systems Engineering, Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) has been accepted as an extremely important approach to understanding the multi-domain research field comprehensively. In this paper, a bibliometric analysis is used to conduct a comprehensive survey of model-based systems engineering literature of the last five years. The VOSViewer is used to implement visual network analysis for co-authorship, citation, and co-occurrence of the MBSE related papers. The results of the bibliometric study, firstly, reveal the influential research teams and sources. Secondly, research hotspots in the current MBSE domain are identified. The findings of this study aim to help researchers to gain a faster and deeper understanding of the current literature on MBSE.
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| 9. |
- Wang, Jinhuan, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling and simulating for congestion pedestrian evacuation with panic
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physica A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-4371 .- 1873-2119. ; 428, s. 396-409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new multi-agent based congestion evacuation model incorporating panic behavior is proposed in this paper for simulating pedestrian evacuation in public places such as a stadium. Different from the existing results, pedestrians in this model are divided into four classes and each pedestrian's status can be either normal, being overtaken, or casualty. The direction of action for each individual is affected by competitive ability, distance to the exits as well as number and density of occupants within the view field of the agent. Our simulations exhibit that during the evacuation process: (1) The agents gather in front of the exits spontaneously and present arched shapes close to the exits. (2) Under the panic state the agents cohere closely and almost do not change the target exit. So other alternative exits are ignored. (3) For the case without obstacle, the casualties under panic increase greatly. But if there are obstacles (chairs), the congestion can be alleviated. Thus the casualties are reduced. (4) If certain exit is partly clogged, the evacuation becomes more efficient when adding a virtual leader. The overall simulation results show that the proposed model can reproduce the real evacuation process in a stadium quite well.
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| 10. |
- Wang, Wenhuan, et al.
(författare)
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Digital economy sectors are key CO2 transmission centers in the economic system
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 407
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid growth of the digital economy has driven economic development, but the massive demand for elec-tricity from digital reforms, coupled with China's coal-based power generation, has created a significant CO2 emission problem. Previous studies have assessed digital economy sectors with an incomplete scope and a lack of carbon emissions assessment at the intermediary-side. To fill these gaps, this study assessed CO2 emissions using input-output modeling of the core industry sector of the digital economy and the industrial digitalization sector at the production, intermediary, and demand sides, and identified key CO2 transmission centers. The results show the following: (1) Digital economy sectors had a high betweenness and were important CO2 transmission centers in the economic system, transmitting more than 4.08 billion tonnes of betweenness-based CO2 emissions; (2) specifically, the industrial digitalization sector transmitted the most CO2 in the economic system, and the digital product manufacturing sector was the core industry sector with the highest betweenness and a strong trans-mission effect on the CO2 emissions in the supply chain; (3) digital economy sectors had large CO2 emissions on the production, intermediary, and demand sides, and transmitted CO2 more through the demand-side and key transmission centers. These results suggest that digital economy sectors can decarbonize and reduce CO2 emissions by (1) improving material use efficiency in the digital product manufacturing sector, (2) reducing the use of carbon-intensive energy and materials in the digital economy sectors, and (3) establishing CO2 emission disclosure rules, incentives, and penalties.
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