| 1. |
- Pecunia, Vincenzo, et al.
(författare)
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Roadmap on energy harvesting materials
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 2515-7639. ; 6:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ambient energy harvesting has great potential to contribute to sustainable development and address growing environmental challenges. Converting waste energy from energy-intensive processes and systems (e.g. combustion engines and furnaces) is crucial to reducing their environmental impact and achieving net-zero emissions. Compact energy harvesters will also be key to powering the exponentially growing smart devices ecosystem that is part of the Internet of Things, thus enabling futuristic applications that can improve our quality of life (e.g. smart homes, smart cities, smart manufacturing, and smart healthcare). To achieve these goals, innovative materials are needed to efficiently convert ambient energy into electricity through various physical mechanisms, such as the photovoltaic effect, thermoelectricity, piezoelectricity, triboelectricity, and radiofrequency wireless power transfer. By bringing together the perspectives of experts in various types of energy harvesting materials, this Roadmap provides extensive insights into recent advances and present challenges in the field. Additionally, the Roadmap analyses the key performance metrics of these technologies in relation to their ultimate energy conversion limits. Building on these insights, the Roadmap outlines promising directions for future research to fully harness the potential of energy harvesting materials for green energy anytime, anywhere.
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| 2. |
- Ding, Bao Jian, et al.
(författare)
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Biosynthesis of the sex pheromone component (E,Z)-7,9-Dodecadienyl acetate in the European Grapevine Moth, Lobesia botrana, involving ∆11 desaturation and an elusive ∆7 desaturase
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0098-0331 .- 1573-1561. ; 47:3, s. 248-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana, uses (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadienyl acetate as its major sex pheromone component. Through in vivo labeling experiments we demonstrated that the doubly unsaturated pheromone component is produced by ∆11 desaturation of tetradecanoic acid, followed by chain shortening of (Z)-11-tetradecenoic acid to (Z)-9-dodecenoic acid, and subsequently introduction of the second double bond by an unknown ∆7 desaturase, before final reduction and acetylation. By sequencing and analyzing the transcriptome of female pheromone glands of L. botrana, we obtained 41 candidate genes that may be involved in sex pheromone production, including the genes encoding 17 fatty acyl desaturases, 13 fatty acyl reductases, 1 fatty acid synthase, 3 acyl-CoA oxidases, 1 acetyl-CoA carboxylase, 4 fatty acid transport proteins and 2 acyl-CoA binding proteins. A functional assay of desaturase and acyl-CoA oxidase gene candidates in yeast and insect cell (Sf9) heterologous expression systems revealed that Lbo_PPTQ encodes a ∆11 desaturase producing (Z)-11-tetradecenoic acid from tetradecanoic acid. Further, Lbo_31670 and Lbo_49602 encode two acyl-CoA oxidases that may produce (Z)-9-dodecenoic acid by chain shortening (Z)-11-tetradecenoic acid. The gene encoding the enzyme introducing the E7 double bond into (Z)-9-dodecenoic acid remains elusive even though we assayed 17 candidate desaturases in the two heterologous systems.
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| 3. |
- Hedenström, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Stereoisomeric analysis of 6,10,14-Trimethylpentadecan-2-ol and the corresponding ketone in wing extracts from African Bicyclus butterfly species
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-1561 .- 0098-0331. ; 41:1, s. 44-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to determine the stereoisomeric compositions of 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-ol and 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one in wing extracts from 17 Bicyclus butterfly species from different regions of Africa. All samples were purified using solid phase extraction (SPE). Since some species contained both alcohol and ketone, these were separated and the ketone was reduced to the alcohol before analysis as either (R)-trans-chrysanthemoyl or (S)-2-acetoxypropionyl esters. A novel asymmetric synthesis was developed for a reference mixture of (2R/S,6S,10R)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-ol with known composition of the eight stereoisomers. The mixture then was used as the (R)-trans-chrysanthemoyl esters to correlate each of the eight gas chromatographic peaks to a specific stereoisomer of the extracted wing compounds. Seven butterfly species showed (2R,6R,10R)-configuration of the alcohol, four species contained minute amounts of alcohol too small to determine the stereochemistry, nine species showed (6R,10R)-configuration of the ketone, and one species contained minute amounts of ketone too small to determine the stereochemistry. No other stereoisomers of alcohol or ketone could be detected in the extracts, and the quantities of the compounds in the wing extracts varied from 5 to 900 ng per sample for each species.
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| 4. |
- Lakhan, Abdullah, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-Efficient Service Selection and Execution and Blockchain-Enabled Serverless Network for Internet of Medical Things
- 2021
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Ingår i: Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering. - : American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS). - 1547-1063 .- 1551-0018. ; 18:6, s. 7344-7362
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- These days, healthcare applications on the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) network have been growing to deal with different diseases via different sensors. These healthcare sensors are connecting to the various healthcare fog servers. The hospitals are geographically distributed and offer different services to the patients from any ubiquitous network. However, due to the full offloading of data to the insecure servers, two main challenges exist in the IoMT network. (i) Data security of workflows healthcare applications between different fog healthcare nodes. (ii) The cost-efficient and QoS efficient scheduling of healthcare applications in the IoMT system. This paper devises the Cost-Efficient Service Selection and Execution and Blockchain-Enabled Serverless Network for Internet of Medical Things system. The goal is to choose cost-efficient services and schedule all tasks based on their QoS and minimum execution cost. Simulation results show that the proposed outperform all existing schemes regarding data security, validation by 10%, and cost of application execution by 33% in IoMT.
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| 5. |
- Magsi, Hina, et al.
(författare)
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A Novel Adaptive Battery-Aware Algorithm for Data Transmission in IoT-Based Healthcare Applications
- 2021
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Ingår i: Electronics. - : MDPI AG. - 2079-9292. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The internet of things (IoT) comprises various sensor nodes for monitoring physiological signals, for instance, electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), blood pressure, and temperature, etc., with various emerging technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and cellular networks. The IoT for medical healthcare applications forms the internet of medical things (IoMT), which comprises multiple resource-restricted wearable devices for health monitoring due to heterogeneous technological trends. The main challenge for IoMT is the energy drain and battery charge consumption in the tiny sensor devices. The non-linear behavior of the battery uses less charge; additionally, an idle time is introduced for optimizing the charge and battery lifetime, and hence the efficient recovery mechanism. The contribution of this paper is three-fold. First, a novel adaptive battery-aware algorithm (ABA) is proposed, which utilizes the charges up to its maximum limit and recovers those charges that remain unused. The proposed ABA adopts this recovery effect for enhancing energy efficiency, battery lifetime and throughput. Secondly, we propose a novel framework for IoMT based pervasive healthcare. Thirdly, we test and implement the proposed ABA and framework in a hardware platform for energy efficiency and longer battery lifetime in the IoMT. Furthermore, the transition of states is modeled by the deterministic mealy finite state machine. The Convex optimization tool in MATLAB is adopted and the proposed ABA is compared with other conventional methods such as battery recovery lifetime enhancement (BRLE). Finally, the proposed ABA enhances the energy efficiency, battery lifetime, and reliability for intelligent pervasive healthcare
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| 6. |
- Qu, Muchao, et al.
(författare)
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Multifunctional hierarchical electronic skins: Unveiling self-repairing mechanisms and advancements in sensing and shielding performance
- 2024
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Ingår i: Composites Science And Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-3538 .- 1879-1050. ; 256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In light of advancements in electronic skins (E-skins), their application in extreme environments poses significant challenges. Inspired by real human skin, we have developed a hierarchical structured electronic skin that utilizes flexible carbon fiber fabric as a framework. Copper nanoflakes and embedded sensors function as the neural layer, while Ethylene Vinyl Acetate acts as the dermal layer, and Polytetrafluoroethylene is employed as the epidermal layer. The reported E-skin demonstrates outstanding flexibility, excellent heat resistance, robust mechanical properties (fracture strength of 1600 MPa, Young's modulus approximately 3.8 GPa), exceptional bending/compression strain performance, excellent hydrophobicity (water contact angle of 120°), effective electromagnetic shielding performance (approximately 45 dB total shielding effectiveness for X-band), and electromagnetic wave absorption capability. Additionally, this E-skin possesses self-healing properties, capable of restoring to its original hydrophobic state within 30 s under a 9V voltage through the Joule heating effect, complemented by corresponding theoretical and mathematical modeling. This E-skin introduces a novel, environmentally friendly, and operationally simple strategy for enhancing the extreme environment resistance and durability of flexible devices.
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| 7. |
- Sodhro, Ali Hassan, et al.
(författare)
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Decentralized Energy Efficient Model for Data Transmission in IoT-based Healthcare System
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 IEEE 93RD VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE (VTC2021-SPRING). - : IEEE. - 9781728189642 ; , s. 1-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growing world population is facing challengessuch as increased chronic diseases and medical expenses.Integrate the latest modern technology into healthcare systemcan diminish these issues. Internet of medical things (IoMT) isthe vision to provide the better healthcare system. The IoMTcomprises of different sensor nodes connected together. TheIoMT system incorporated with medical devices (sensors) forgiven the healthcare facilities to the patient and physician canhave capability to monitor the patients very efficiently. Themain challenge for IoMT is the energy consumption, batterycharge consumption and limited battery lifetime in sensor basedmedical devices. During charging the charges that are stored inbattery and these charges are not fully utilized due to nonlinearity of discharging process. The short time period neededto restore these unused charges is referred as recovery effect. Analgorithm exploiting recovery effect to extend the batterylifetime that leads to low consumption of energy. This paperprovides the proposed adaptive Energy efficient (EEA)algorithm that adopts this effect for enhancing energyefficiency, battery lifetime and throughput. The results havebeen simulated on MATLAB by considering the Li-ion battery.The proposed adaptive Energy efficient (EEA) algorithm is alsocompared with other state of the art existing method named,BRLE. The Proposed algorithm increased the lifetime ofbattery, energy consumption and provides the improvedperformance as compared to BRLE algorithm. It consumes lowenergy and supports continuous connectivity of devices withoutany loss/ interruptions.
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| 8. |
- Sodhro, Ali Hassan, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Toward ML-Based Energy-Efficient Mechanism for 6G Enabled Industrial Network in Box Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Transaction on Industrial Informatics. - USA : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 1551-3203 .- 1941-0050. ; 17:10, s. 7185-7192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Machine learning (ML) techniques in association to emerging sixth generation (6G) technologies, i.e., massive Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics have caught too much attention from academia to the business world since last few years due to their high and fast computing capabilities. The role of ML-based 6G techniques is to reshape the imaginary idea into physical world for resolving the challenging issues of energy, quality of service (QoS), and quality of experience (QoE). Besides, ML techniques with better association to 6G reshapes the industrial network in box (NIB) platform. In the mean-time rapidly increasing market of the IoT devices to deliver multimedia content has caught the attention of various fields such as, industrial, and healthcare. The challenging issue that end-users are facing is the unsatisfactory and annoyed performance of portable devices while surfing the video, and image to/from desired entity, i.e., low QoE. To resolve these issues this research first, proposes a novel ML-driven mobility management method for the efficient communication in industrial NIB applications. Second, a novel architecture of 6G-based intelligent QoE and QoS optimization in industrial NIB is proposed. Third, a 6G-based NIB framework is proposed in association to the long-term evolution. Forth, use-case for 6G-empowered industrial NIB is recommended for an energy efficient communication. Experimental results are extracted with high energy efficiency, better QoE, and QoS in 6G-based industrial NIB.
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| 9. |
- Svensson, Glenn, et al.
(författare)
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Identification, Synthesis, and Behavioral Activity of 5,11-Dimethylpentacosane, A Novel Sex Pheromone Component of the Greater Wax Moth, Galleria Mellonella (L.)
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0098-0331 .- 1573-1561. ; 40:4, s. 387-395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.), is a serious and widespread pest of the honeybee, Apis mellifera L. In contrast to most moths, for which long-range mate finding is mediated by female-produced sex pheromones, G. mellonella males attract conspecific females over long distances by emitting large amounts of a characteristic scent in combination with bursts of ultrasonic calls. The male scent for this species was previously identified as a blend of nonanal and undecanal. When these compounds were bioassayed, characteristic short-range sexual behavior, including wing fanning, was triggered in conspecific females, but the aldehyde blend failed to elicit attraction over longer distances. We identified, via analysis and synthesis, a third male-specific compound, 5,11-dimethylpentacosane. We show that it acts as a behavioral synergist to the aldehydes. In wind tunnel experiments, very few female moths responded to the aldehyde blend or to 5,11-dimethylpentacosane tested separately, but consistently showed orientation and source contact when a combination of all three compounds was applied. The level of attraction to the three-component mixture was still lower than that to male extract, indicating that the composition of compounds in the synthetic blend is suboptimal, or that additional pheromone components of G. mellonella are yet to be identified. The identification of 5,11-dimethylpentacosane is an important step for the development of an efficient long-range attractant that will be integrated with other environmentally safe strategies to reduce damage to beehives caused by wax moths. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
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| 10. |
- Yang, Haiping, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of potassium salts loading on calcium oxide on the hydrogen production from pyrolysis-gasification of biomass
- 2018
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Ingår i: Bioresource Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-8524 .- 1873-2976. ; 249, s. 744-750
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of potassium (K) salts loading on CaO on the H2 production from pyrolysis-gasification of wheat straw were investigated. The loading of 0.25 wt% KCl could significantly enhance the CO2 absorption capability of CaO. The CO2 concentration in the product gas decreased sharply from 20.83 to 11.70 vol%, and the H2 concentration increased from 48.2 to 55.5 vol%. While the loading of 0.25 wt% K2CO3/K2SO4 inhibited the enhancing effect of CaO. Further increasing the loading of KCl on CaO, the CO2 absorption of CaO declined, but the catalytic effect of KCl on the gasification process was promoted. The loading of 0.25 wt% KCl on CaO significantly improved the cyclic performance of CaO during the pyrolysis-gasification process. Higher H2 concentration and more CO2 absorbed by CaO were obtained with the loading of 0.25 wt% KCl even after 5 cycles compared with those of pure CaO in the first cycle.
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