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| 2. |
- Culverhouse, R. C., et al.
(författare)
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Collaborative meta-analysis finds no evidence of a strong interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype contributing to the development of depression
- 2018
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Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 23:1, s. 133-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hypothesis that the S allele of the 5-HTTLPR serotonin transporter promoter region is associated with increased risk of depression, but only in individuals exposed to stressful situations, has generated much interest, research and controversy since first proposed in 2003. Multiple meta-analyses combining results from heterogeneous analyses have not settled the issue. To determine the magnitude of the interaction and the conditions under which it might be observed, we performed new analyses on 31 data sets containing 38 802 European ancestry subjects genotyped for 5-HTTLPR and assessed for depression and childhood maltreatment or other stressful life events, and meta-analysed the results. Analyses targeted two stressors (narrow, broad) and two depression outcomes (current, lifetime). All groups that published on this topic prior to the initiation of our study and met the assessment and sample size criteria were invited to participate. Additional groups, identified by consortium members or self-identified in response to our protocol (published prior to the start of analysis) with qualifying unpublished data, were also invited to participate. A uniform data analysis script implementing the protocol was executed by each of the consortium members. Our findings do not support the interaction hypothesis. We found no subgroups or variable definitions for which an interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype was statistically significant. In contrast, our findings for the main effects of life stressors (strong risk factor) and 5-HTTLPR genotype (no impact on risk) are strikingly consistent across our contributing studies, the original study reporting the interaction and subsequent meta-analyses. Our conclusion is that if an interaction exists in which the S allele of 5-HTTLPR increases risk of depression only in stressed individuals, then it is not broadly generalisable, but must be of modest effect size and only observable in limited situations.
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| 3. |
- Huang, C., et al.
(författare)
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Understanding the water-energy nexus in urban water supply systems with city features
- 2018
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Ingår i: CLEANER ENERGY FOR CLEANER CITIES. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 265-270
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The water-energy nexus has been introduced into urban water supply systems (WSSs) to improve the current plight of scarce resources and greenhouse effect in recent years. Urban water-energy integrated management is limited by the characteristics and reality of each city. In this paper, we characterize the comprehensive influence factors of energy use in China urban WSSs including geographic differences and city forms. The results indicate that the pressure of pipeline network and plain area ratio restricted by geomorphology would significantly impact the energy consumption during conveyance and distribution stage. For the city form aspect, the total volume of urban water supply and the leakage rate of pipeline networks play important roles in energy consumption of urban WSSs in China. In this study, the specific electricity consumption in WSSs was quantified, and several factors affected by city features which show strong correlation with energy use were determined. The results are of great significance to the energy saving in water supply systems in urban areas.
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| 4. |
- Li, Y., et al.
(författare)
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A life cycle analysis techno-economic assessment framework for evaluating future technology pathways – The residential air-conditioning example
- 2021
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clarity on cost and environmental benefits of individual technologies evaluated in a systemic and systematic manner is necessary in communicating the results at the policy level so as to enable effective decisions. Yet, the highly complex nature of many energy modelling tools makes it difficult for non-specialists to interpret and make sense of their results. An integrated life cycle analysis and techno-economic assessment framework is proposed in this study, as a first step towards developing an alternative and potentially more intuitive energy systems modelling tool. The residential air-conditioning sector in the Southeast Asian context is used as an example to demonstrate the advantages of the modelling methodology in profiling future technology pathways. The use of best available R32 technology can lead to cumulative savings of 2195 million tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions in the region by 2050; while the best available R407C technology has an average cost of $40.85 per tonne of greenhouse gas abatement. In addition, our modelling tool is capable of profiling energy outlooks for emerging economies and will be further integrated with hourly energy analysis frameworks in the next steps of development.
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| 5. |
- Lin, H., et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics of electric vehicle charging demand at multiple types of location - Application of an agent-based trip chain model
- 2019
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Ingår i: Energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0360-5442 .- 1873-6785. ; 188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper developed an agent-based trip chain model (ABTCM) to study the distribution of electric vehicles (EVs) charging demand and its dynamic characteristics, including flexibility and uncertainty, at different types of location. Key parameters affecting charging demand include charging strategies, i.e. uncontrolled charging (UC) and off-peak charging (OPC), and EV supply equipment, including three levels of charging equipment. The results indicate that the distributions of charging demand are similar as the travel patterns, featured by traffic flow at each location. A discrete peak effect was found in revealing the relation between traffic flow and charging demand, and it results in the smallest equivalent daily charging demand and peak load at public locations. EV charging and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) flexibility were examined by instantaneous adjustable power and accumulative adjustable amount of electricity. The EVs at home locations have the largest charging and V2G flexibility under the UC strategy, except for a period of regular working time. The V2G flexibility at work and public locations is generally larger than charging flexibility. Due to the fast charging application, the uncertainties of charging demand at public locations are the highest in all locations. In addition, the OPC strategy mitigates the uncertainty of charging demand.
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| 6. |
- Liu, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Solar harvest : Enhancing carbon sequestration and energy efficiency in solar greenhouses with PVT and GSHP systems
- 2023
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Ingår i: Renewable energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0960-1481 .- 1879-0682. ; 211, s. 112-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is universally acknowledged that climate change brings widespread attention to solar greenhouse plant carbon sequestration. Suitable technologies in solar greenhouses were, are, and will be play a leading role in this vital transition. The primary aim of this research is to examine the energy efficiency and carbon sequestration potential of a solar-assisted ground-source heat pump (SAGSHP) heating system. This hybrid system, which integrates a horizontal ground-source heat pump (GSHP) system with PVT and heat storage, can efficiently fulfill the heating demands of a greenhouse and function as a positive energy building. Four plants include cucumber, tomato, cowpea, and lettuce were selected to compare the carbon absorption effects. Results show that the hybrid system outperforms conventional systems, with a coefficient of performance (COP) of 6.71 during peak hours and PVT efficiency over 57.88%, which effectively meet the heat load of the greenhouse and keep the indoor heat comfortable. In addition, for the carbon sequestration potential of four plants, tomato exhibited the highest photosynthetic carbon sequestration of 3522 kgCO2·m−2. Cowpea showed the strongest daily carbon sequestration capacity at 26.86 gCO2m−2d−1 and better economic income. Through the application of this enhanced solar greenhouse, people can enhance the utilization of solar energy, establish flexible interaction between energy and information flow, and make a promising option for sustainable building design.
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| 7. |
- Shao, S., et al.
(författare)
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Enlarging Regional Disparities in Energy Intensity within China
- 2020
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Ingår i: Earth's Future. - : John Wiley and Sons Inc. - 2328-4277. ; 8:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As energy saving and emission reduction become a global action, the disparity in energy intensity between different regions is a new rising problem that stems a country's or region's energy-saving potential. Here we collect China's provincial panel data (1995–2017) of primary and final energy consumption to evaluate China's unequal and polarized regional pattern in energy intensity, decompose the inequality index into contributing components, and investigate possible driving factors behind the unequal pattern both regionally and structurally, for the first time. The results show that China's interprovince disparities in energy intensity increase and are exacerbated by the enlarging disparities in energy intensity between the least developed and most developed regions of China. The causes for this phenomenon are as follows: (i) rather loose regulatory measures on mitigating coal consumption; (ii) inferior energy processing technology in areas specializing in energy-intensive industries; (iii) increasing interregional energy fluxes embodied in trade; and (iv) separate jurisdictions at provincial administrative levels. These factors can synthetically result in unintended spillover to areas with inferior green technologies, suggesting an increasingly uneven distribution of energy-intensive and carbon-intensive industries and usage of clean energy. The results reveal the necessities of regional coordination and cooperation to achieve a green economy. ©2020. The Authors. Earth's Future published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Geophysical Union
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| 8. |
- Shi, J., et al.
(författare)
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Capacity Fading Characteristics of Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries Under Different Precooling Conditions
- 2023
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol. 1016. - : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. - 9789819910267 ; , s. 1-9
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The capacity fading of lithium iron phosphate batteries is related to its internal temperature and the growth of solid electrolyte (SEI). It is an effective way by controlling its internal temperature to mitigate capacity fading. This paper discusses the impact of pre-cooling and resting time on capacity fading and the growth of SEI. Results showed that the battery capacity increased and the thickness of SEI decreased if the pre-cooling was employed. Compared to 25 °C of ambient temperature, the thickness of SEI under 5 °C of pre-cooling temperature decreased by 404 nm, 386 nm, and 502 nm for 2C, 3C, and 5C discharge rate, respectively. The internal temperature of battery could be better cooled and therefore capacity increased with the increase of resting time. At 15 °C of pre-cooling temperature, the capacity increased by 3.8% if the resting time increased from 600 s to 2400 s. Therefore, the pre-cooling method could effectively mitigate capacity fading. The conclusion obtained in this paper could provide guidance for battery thermal management.
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| 9. |
- Tian, Ruijie, et al.
(författare)
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Study on the promotion of natural gas-fired electricity with energy market reform in China using a dynamic game-theoretic model
- 2017
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 185, s. 1832-1839
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Natural gas-fired electricity (NGFE) has gained great attention in China recently. However, the high generation cost leads to the NGFE cannot compete economically with the coal-fired electricity (CFE) when the value of peak power and positive environment externality of NGEF are not considered. Therefore, the market reform of natural gas (NG), including price deregulation, carbon tax and environmental subsidy are of vital importance to promote the penetration of NGFE. In the present study, a dynamic game-theoretic model was developed to analyze the impacts of market reforming for natural gas on the promotion effect of NGFE, in which the hourly real-time pricing (RTP) was applied in both natural gas and electricity markets. Five scenarios were proposed with different policy combinations of pricing mechanism reform, carbon tax and environmental subsidy. Based on the analysis results, it can be concluded that (i) deregulating the NG price, imposing carbon tax and adopting environment subsidy can promote the market penetration of NGFE greatly; and (ii) the market deregulation can increases the share of NGFE to 5.49%, and imposing the carbon tax of 100RMB/tonne CO2 can raise it further to 7.66%, furthermore if the environmental subsidy of 134.3 RMB/MWh is also included, the share of NGFE can reach 15%.
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| 10. |
- Wang, L., et al.
(författare)
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Design on CO2 capture based on adsorption-absorption integration and energy storage for energy supply buildings with fixed carbon emission
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Green Energy. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 1543-5075 .- 1543-5083.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel design for the energy storage by adsorption-absorption for the partial CO2 capture of the energy supply buildings with fixed CO2 emission is proposed. The new design successfully utilizes the attainment of the low energy consumption and implements energy storage through adsorption part, overcoming the deficiencies of poor selectivity through absorption part. Numerical approaches have been developed for modeling the adsorption-absorption procedure, while attaining satisfactory agreement with experimental data. The adsorption process is modeled based on the finite volume method, and the absorption process is simulated based on the double-film theory and the rate-based model. The issue of operating parameters upon system assessments has received considerable critical attention by numerical implementations. The results show that the mass fraction of CO2 in the flue gas has been increased to 39.0%. The comprehensive enhancement effects are instrumental at a height of 20 m in the absorption tower. As the CO2 concentration of the flue gas increases from 5.0% to 20.0%, the absorbent flow, absorber diameter, and reboiler specific load decrease by 13.0%, 42.1%, and 16.6%, in respective. The present analysis and design will provide guidance and gain fresh prominence with advantages in the CO2 capture and purification.
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