| 1. |
- Su, Wenyan, et al.
(författare)
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Nonconjugated Terpolymer Acceptors with Two Different Fused-Ring Electron-Deficient Building Blocks for Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells
- 2021
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 13:5, s. 6442-6449
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ternary polymerization strategy of incorporating different donor and acceptor units forming terpolymers as photovoltaic materials has been proven advantageous in improving power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of polymer solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a series of low band gap nonconjugated terpolymer acceptors based on two different fused-ring electron-deficient building blocks (IDIC16 and ITIC) with adjustable photoelectric properties were developed. As the third component, ITIC building blocks with a larger pi-conjugation structure, shorter solubilizing side chains, and red-shifted absorption spectrum were incorporated into an IDIC16-based nonconjugated copolymer acceptor PF1-TS4, which built up the terpolymers with two conjugated building blocks linked by flexible thioalkyl chain-thiophene segments. With the increasing ITIC content, terpolymers show gradually broadened absorption spectra and slightly down-shifted lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels. The active layer based on terpolymer PF1-TS4-60 with a 60% ITIC unit presents more balanced hole and electron mobilities, higher photoluminescence quenching efficiency, and improved morphology compared to those based on PF1-TS4. In all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), PF1-TS4-60, matched with a wide band gap polymer donor PM6, achieved a similar open-circuit voltage (V-oc) of 0.99 V, a dramatically increased short-circuit current density (J(sc)) of 15.30 mA cm(-2), and fill factor (FF) of 61.4% compared to PF1-TS4 = 0.99 V, J(sc) = 11.21 mA cm(-2), and FF = 55.6%). As a result, the PF1-TS4-60-based all-PSCs achieved a PCE of 9.31%, which is similar to 50% higher than the PF1-TS4-based ones (6.17%). The results demonstrate a promising approach to develop high-performance nonconjugated terpolymer acceptors for efficient all-PSCs by means of ternary polymerization using two different A-D-A-structured fused-ring electron-deficient building blocks.
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| 2. |
- Wang, Yufei, et al.
(författare)
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Acidochromic organic photovoltaic integrated device
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947. ; 452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tremendous efforts have been devoted to boosting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) via the introduction of cathode interlayers (CILs). However, CIL materials have limited diversity and the development of multifunctional devices is largely neglected. Herein, an acidochromic organic photovoltaic integrated device is firstly proposed by introducing an acid-sensitive stimulating-reaction organic molecule as both the CIL of OSCs and the sensor of monitoring environmental acidity. The oxazolidine unit of acidochromic molecule can form a ring-opening structure after acid treatment, resulting in the remarkable color change with the direct reflection of pH value of ecological environment. The additive-free PM6:Y6 OSCs using the acidochromic molecule as the CIL achieve an excellent PCE of above 15.29 %, which is 47 % higher than that of the control device. The PCE can even maintain above 92 % after treating CIL with various strong acids (pH = 1). Moreover, the color of acidified films and the degraded performance of acidified OSCs can be easily restored by alkaline treatment. The successful application of CIL in other highly efficient photovoltaic systems proves its good universality. This work triggers the promising application of acidochromic molecules in solar cells as CIL with the additional function of recognition of acid environment.
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| 3. |
- Wang, Yufei, et al.
(författare)
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Rare variants of large effect in BRCA2 and CHEK2 affect risk of lung cancer
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 46:7, s. 736-741
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted imputation to the 1000 Genomes Project of four genome-wide association studies of lung cancer in populations of European ancestry (11,348 cases and 15,861 controls) and genotyped an additional 10,246 cases and 38,295 controls for follow-up. We identified large-effect genome-wide associations for squamous lung cancer with the rare variants BRCA2 p.Lys3326X (rs11571833, odds ratio (OR) = 2.47, P = 4.74 x 10(-20)) and CHEK2 p.Ile157Thr (rs17879961, OR = 0.38, P = 1.27 x 10(-13)). We also showed an association between common variation at 3q28 (TP63, rs13314271, OR = 1.13, P = 7.22 x 10(-10)) and lung adenocarcinoma that had been previously reported only in Asians. These findings provide further evidence for inherited genetic susceptibility to lung cancer and its biological basis. Additionally, our analysis demonstrates that imputation can identify rare disease-causing variants with substantive effects on cancer risk from preexisting genome-wide association study data.
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| 4. |
- Brenner, Darren R, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of lung cancer histology-specific variants applying Bayesian framework variant prioritization approaches within the TRICL and ILCCO consortia
- 2015
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Ingår i: Carcinogenesis. - : Oxford University Press. - 0143-3334 .- 1460-2180. ; 36:11, s. 1314-1326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have likely uncovered all common variants at the GWAS significance level. Additional variants within the suggestive range (0.0001> P > 5×10−8) are, however, still of interest for identifying causal associations. This analysis aimed to apply novel variant prioritization approaches to identify additional lung cancer variants that may not reach the GWAS level. Effects were combined across studies with a total of 33456 controls and 6756 adenocarcinoma (AC; 13 studies), 5061 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; 12 studies) and 2216 small cell lung cancer cases (9 studies). Based on prior information such as variant physical properties and functional significance, we applied stratified false discovery rates, hierarchical modeling and Bayesian false discovery probabilities for variant prioritization. We conducted a fine mapping analysis as validation of our methods by examining top-ranking novel variants in six independent populations with a total of 3128 cases and 2966 controls. Three novel loci in the suggestive range were identified based on our Bayesian framework analyses: KCNIP4 at 4p15.2 (rs6448050, P = 4.6×10−7) and MTMR2 at 11q21 (rs10501831, P = 3.1×10−6) with SCC, as well as GAREM at 18q12.1 (rs11662168, P = 3.4×10−7) with AC. Use of our prioritization methods validated two of the top three loci associated with SCC (P = 1.05×10−4 for KCNIP4, represented by rs9799795) and AC (P = 2.16×10−4 for GAREM, represented by rs3786309) in the independent fine mapping populations. This study highlights the utility of using prior functional data for sequence variants in prioritization analyses to search for robust signals in the suggestive range.
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| 5. |
- Enciso-Mora, Victor, et al.
(författare)
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Deciphering the 8q24.21 association for glioma
- 2013
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 22:11, s. 2293-2302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously identified tagSNPs at 8q24.21 influencing glioma risk. We have sought to fine-map the location of the functional basis of this association using data from four genome-wide association studies, comprising a total of 4147 glioma cases and 7435 controls. To improve marker density across the 700 kb region, we imputed genotypes using 1000 Genomes Project data and high-coverage sequencing data generated on 253 individuals. Analysis revealed an imputed low-frequency SNP rs55705857 (P = 2.24 x 10(-38)) which was sufficient to fully capture the 8q24.21 association. Analysis by glioma subtype showed the association with rs55705857 confined to non-glioblastoma multiforme (non-GBM) tumours (P = 1.07 x 10(-67)). Validation of the non-GBM association was shown in three additional datasets (625 non-GBM cases, 2412 controls; P = 1.41 x 10(-28)). In the pooled analysis, the odds ratio for low-grade glioma associated with rs55705857 was 4.3 (P = 2.31 x 10(-94)). rs55705857 maps to a highly evolutionarily conserved sequence within the long non-coding RNA CCDC26 raising the possibility of direct functionality. These data provide additional insights into the aetiological basis of glioma development.
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| 6. |
- Freitag, Daniel F., et al.
(författare)
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Cardiometabolic effects of genetic upregulation of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist: a Mendelian randomisation analysis
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. - 2213-8595. ; 3:4, s. 243-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background To investigate potential cardiovascular and other effects of long-term pharmacological interleukin 1 (IL-1) inhibition, we studied genetic variants that produce inhibition of IL-1, a master regulator of inflammation. Methods We created a genetic score combining the effects of alleles of two common variants (rs6743376 and rs1542176) that are located upstream of IL1RN, the gene encoding the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra; an endogenous inhibitor of both IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta); both alleles increase soluble IL-1Ra protein concentration. We compared effects on inflammation biomarkers of this genetic score with those of anakinra, the recombinant form of IL-1Ra, which has previously been studied in randomised trials of rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory disorders. In primary analyses, we investigated the score in relation to rheumatoid arthritis and four cardiometabolic diseases (type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, ischaemic stroke, and abdominal aortic aneurysm; 453 411 total participants). In exploratory analyses, we studied the relation of the score to many disease traits and to 24 other disorders of proposed relevance to IL-1 signalling (746 171 total participants). Findings For each IL1RN minor allele inherited, serum concentrations of IL-1Ra increased by 0.22 SD (95% CI 0.18-0.25; 12.5%; p=9.3 x 10(-33)), concentrations of interleukin 6 decreased by 0.02 SD (-0.04 to -0.01; -1,7%; p=3.5 x 10(-3)), and concentrations of C-reactive protein decreased by 0.03 SD (-0.04 to -0.02; -3.4%; p=7.7 x 10(-14)). We noted the effects of the genetic score on these inflammation biomarkers to be directionally concordant with those of anakinra. The allele count of the genetic score had roughly log-linear, dose-dependent associations with both IL-1Ra concentration and risk of coronary heart disease. For people who carried four IL-1Ra-raising alleles, the odds ratio for coronary heart disease was 1.15 (1.08-1.22; p=1.8 x 10(-6)) compared with people who carried no IL-1Ra-raising alleles; the per-allele odds ratio for coronary heart disease was 1.03 (1.02-1.04; p=3.9 x 10(-10)). Perallele odds ratios were 0.97 (0.95-0.99; p=9.9 x 10(-4)) for rheumatoid arthritis, 0.99 (0.97-1.01; p=0.47) for type 2 diabetes, 1.00 (0.98-1.02; p=0.92) for ischaemic stroke, and 1.08 (1.04-1.12; p=1.8 x 10(-5)) for abdominal aortic aneurysm. In exploratory analyses, we observed per-allele increases in concentrations of proatherogenic lipids, including LDL-cholesterol, but no clear evidence of association for blood pressure, glycaemic traits, or any of the 24 other disorders studied. Modelling suggested that the observed increase in LDL-cholesterol could account for about a third of the association observed between the genetic score and increased coronary risk. Interpretation Human genetic data suggest that long-term dual IL-1 alpha/beta inhibition could increase cardiovascular risk and, conversely, reduce the risk of development of rheumatoid arthritis. The cardiovascular risk might, in part, be mediated through an increase in proatherogenic lipid concentrations. Copyright (C) The Interleukin 1 Genetics Consortium. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY-NC-ND.
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| 7. |
- Gosens, Jorrit, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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China's next renewable energy revolution: goals and mechanisms in the 13th Five Year Plan for energy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy Science and Engineering. - : Wiley. - 2050-0505. ; 5:3, s. 141-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past few months, China has published its development plans for the 13th Five Year Plan [FYP] period [2016–2020] for energy, and separately for the electricity sector, renewable energy, hydro, wind, solar, and biomass energy. Here, we review these policies, as well as a number of key supporting policy documents that aim at increased renewable energy use in China. Presuming that China will not overshoot its growth targets for wind and PV, annual additions over the 13th FYP period will average 16 GW for wind and 13.5 GW for PV, well below the growth levels seen in recent years. The key to success in China's continued transition to renewable energy, however, does not lie in such capacity additions alone. At least as important will be the efforts at improving grid interconnectedness, flexibility of generating capacity and the grid, market mechanisms that will reduce and spread electricity demand, and better enable renewables to compete, and efforts at increasing the level of consumption of the renewable power generated.
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| 8. |
- Li, Yaohui, et al.
(författare)
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An n-n Heterojunction Configuration for Efficient Electron Transport in Organic Photovoltaic Devices
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 33:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selective electron transport and extraction are essential to the operation of photovoltaic devices. Electron transport layer (ETL) is therefore critical to organic photovoltaics (OPV). Herein, an ETL configuration is presented comprising a solution-processed n-n organic heterojunction to enhance electron transport and hole blocking, and boost power conversion efficiency (PCE) in OPV. Specifically, the n-n heterojunction is constructed by stacking a narrow-band n-type conjugated polymer layer (PNDIT-F3N) and a wide-band n-type conjugated molecule layer (Phen-NaDPO). Based on the ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurement and numerical simulation of current density-voltage characteristics, the formation of the built-in potential is investigated. In three OPVs with different active layers, substantial improvements are observed in performance following the introduction of this ETL configuration. The performance enhancement arises from the combination of selective carrier transport properties and reduced recombination. Another contributing factor is the good film-forming quality of the new ETL configuration, where the surface energies of the related materials are well-matched. The n-n organic heterojunction represents a viable and promising ETL construction strategy for efficient OPV devices.
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| 9. |
- Li, Yaohui, et al.
(författare)
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Improved efficiency of organic solar cell using MoS2 doped poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT) as hole transport layer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : ELSEVIER. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 590
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report an efficient hole transporting layer (HTL) for organic solar cell (OSC) based on solution-processed organic-inorganic hybrid composed of ultrasonic-exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets and dopamine-copolymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) derivative (DA-P). The OSCs based on this new hybrid HTL show a marked performance improvement over those with single-component HTLs, and they retain up to 80% of their original power conversion efficiency after 35 days. Our investigations reveal that the boost in performance is due to a synergistic effect that improves both hole transport and extraction ability. This effect is mainly due to the doping of exfoliated-MoS2 nanosheets on DA-P. We employ a comprehensive range of spectroscopies to uncover that the dopant is derived from the oxidation products of MoS2 nanosheets during the ultrasonic exfoliation. Our work demonstrates an efficient hybrid HTL and offers new insights into the interaction of exfoliated-MoS2 nanosheets and the PEDOT derivatives.
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| 10. |
- Li, Yufei, et al.
(författare)
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Machine Learning at the Grid Edge : Data-Driven Impedance Models for Model-Free Inverters
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on power electronics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0885-8993 .- 1941-0107. ; 39:8, s. 10465-10481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is envisioned that the future electric grid will be underpinned by a vast number of smart inverters linking renewables at the grid edge. These inverters' dynamics are typically characterized as impedances, which are crucial for ensuring grid stability and resiliency. However, the physical implementation of these inverters may vary widely and may be kept confidential. Existing analytical impedance models require a complete and precise understanding of system parameters. They can hardly capture the complete electrical behavior when the inverters are performing complex functions. Online impedance measurements for many inverters across multiple operating points are impractical. To address these issues, we present the InvNet, a machine learning framework capable of characterizing inverter impedance patterns across a wide operation range, even with limited impedance data. Leveraging transfer learning, the InvNet can extrapolate from physics-based models to real-world ones and from one inverter to another with the same control framework but different control parameters with very limited data. This framework demonstrates machine learning as a powerful tool for modeling and analyzing black-box characteristics of grid-tied inverter systems that cannot be accurately described by traditional analytical methods, such as inverters under model-predictive control. Comprehensive evaluations were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the InvNet.
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