| 1. |
- Abgrall, N., et al.
(författare)
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The large enriched germanium experiment for neutrinoless double beta decay (LEGEND)
- 2017
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : Author(s). - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 1894
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) would show that lepton number is violated, reveal that neu-trinos are Majorana particles, and provide information on neutrino mass. A discovery-capable experiment covering the inverted ordering region, with effective Majorana neutrino masses of 15 - 50 meV, will require a tonne-scale experiment with excellent energy resolution and extremely low backgrounds, at the level of ∼0.1 count /(FWHM·t·yr) in the region of the signal. The current generation 76Ge experiments GERDA and the Majorana Demonstrator, utilizing high purity Germanium detectors with an intrinsic energy resolution of 0.12%, have achieved the lowest backgrounds by over an order of magnitude in the 0νββ signal region of all 0νββ experiments. Building on this success, the LEGEND collaboration has been formed to pursue a tonne-scale 76Ge experiment. The collaboration aims to develop a phased 0νββ experimental program with discovery potential at a half-life approaching or at 1028 years, using existing resources as appropriate to expedite physics results.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Muller, K, et al.
(författare)
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Mild head injuries: Impact of a national strategy for implementation of management guidelines
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Trauma. - 0022-5282. ; 55:6, s. 1029-1034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. A national survey in 1996 showed insufficient routines for management of patients with mild head injuries in Norwegian hospitals. Since then, the Scandinavian Guidelines for Management of Mild Head Injuries have been published. Methods. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of management practice was performed in all 59 hospitals in 2002. We compared the results with figures from 1996 and evaluated guideline compliance. Results. The proportion of noncompliant hospitals was reduced (p = 0.02) from 52% to 31%. The proportion assessing the patient's level of consciousness according to the Glasgow Coma Scale increased (p = 0.001) from 49% to 80%. The proportion requiring a normal computed tomographic scan if a patient with a history of loss of consciousness was to be sent home from the accident and emergency department increased (p < 0.001) from 1 (2%) to 13 (19%). Conclusion. The Scandinavian Guidelines for Management of Mild Head Injuries have had a significant impact on management practice in Norwegian hospitals.
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| 4. |
- Skari, H, et al.
(författare)
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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a survey of practice in Scandinavia
- 2004
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Ingår i: Pediatric Surgery International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1437-9813 .- 0179-0358. ; 20:5, s. 309-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is no consensus on the treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), and practice seems to vary between centres. The main purpose of the present study was to survey current practice in Scandinavia. Thirteen paediatric surgical centres serving a population of about 22 million were invited, and all participated. One questionnaire was completed at each centre. The questionnaire evaluated management following prenatal diagnosis, intensive care strategies, operative treatment, and long-term follow-up. Survival data (1995-1998) were available from 12 of 13 centres. Following prenatal diagnosis of CDH, vaginal delivery and maternal steroids were used at eight and six centres, respectively. All centres used high-frequency oscillation ventilation (HFOV), nitric oxide (NO), and surfactant comparatively often. Five centres had extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) facilities, and four centres transferred ECMO candidates. The majority of centres (7/9) always tried HFOV before ECMO was instituted. Surgery was performed when the neonate was clinically stable (11/13) and when no signs of pulmonary hypertension were detected by echo-Doppler (6/13). The repair was performed by laparotomy at all centres and most commonly with nonabsorbable sutures (8/13). Thoracic drain was used routinely at seven centres. Long-term follow-up at a paediatric surgical centre was uncommon (3/13). Only three centres treated more than five CDH patients per year. Comparing survival in centres treating more than five with those treating five or fewer CDH patients per year, there was a tendency towards better survival in the higher-volume centres (72.4%) than in the centres with lower volume (58.7%), p =0.065.
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| 5. |
- Greese, Bettina, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of cell-to-cell variability on spatial pattern formation
- 2012
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Ingår i: IET Systems Biology. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 1751-8857 .- 1751-8849. ; 6:4, s. 143-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many spatial patterns in biology arise through differentiation of selected cells within a tissue, which is regulated by a genetic network. This is specified by its structure, parameterisation and the noise on its components and reactions. The latter, in particular, is not well examined because it is rather difficult to trace. The authors use suitable local mathematical measures based on the Voronoi diagram of experimentally determined positions of epidermal plant hairs (trichomes) to examine the variability or noise in pattern formation. Although trichome initiation is a highly regulated process, the authors show that the experimentally observed trichome pattern is substantially disturbed by cell-to-cell variations. Using computer simulations, they find that the rates concerning the availability of the protein complex that triggers trichome formation plays a significant role in noise-induced variations of the pattern. The focus on the effects of cell noise yields further insights into pattern formation of trichomes. The authors expect that similar strategies can contribute to the understanding of other differentiation processes by elucidating the role of naturally occurring fluctuations in the concentration of cellular components or their properties.
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| 6. |
- Hampe, C. S., et al.
(författare)
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Reduced display of conformational epitopes in the N-terminal truncated GAD65 isoform : relevance for people with stiff person syndrome or DQ8/8-positive Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- 2019
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Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0742-3071 .- 1464-5491. ; 36:11, s. 1375-1383
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To investigate whether the N‐terminal truncated glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) isoform is as well recognized by people with stiff person syndrome as it is by people with Type 1 diabetes, and whether conformational GAD65 antibody epitopes are displayed properly by the isoform.Methods: GAD65 antibody‐positive healthy individuals (n=13), people with stiff‐person syndrome (n=15) and children with new‐onset Type 1 diabetes (n=654) were analysed to determine binding to full‐length GAD65 and the N‐terminal truncated GAD65 isoform in each of these settings. GAD65 autoantibody epitope specificity was correlated with binding ratios of full‐length GAD65/N‐terminal truncated GAD65.Results: The N‐terminal truncated GAD65 isoform was significantly less recognized in GAD65Ab‐positive people with stiff‐person syndrome (P=0.002) and in healthy individuals (P=0.0001) than in people with Type 1 diabetes. Moreover, at least two specific conformational GAD65Ab epitopes were not, or were only partially, presented by the N‐terminal truncated GAD65 isoform compared to full‐length GAD65. Finally, an N‐terminal conformational GAD65Ab epitope was significantly less recognized in DQ8/8 positive individuals with Type 1 diabetes (P=0.02).Conclusions: In people with stiff person syndrome preferred binding to the full‐length GAD65 isoform over the N‐terminal truncated molecule was observed. This binding characteristic is probably attributable to reduced presentation of two conformational epitopes by the N‐terminal truncated molecule. These findings support the notion of disease‐specific GAD65Ab epitope specificities and emphasize the need to evaluate the applicability of novel assays for different medical conditions.
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| 7. |
- Magnusson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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SATB2 in Combination With Cytokeratin 20 Identifies Over 95% of all Colorectal Carcinomas
- 2011
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Ingår i: American Journal of Surgical Pathology. - 0147-5185 .- 1532-0979. ; 35:7, s. 937-948
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2), a nuclear matrix-associated transcription factor and epigenetic regulator, was identified as a tissue type-specific protein when screening protein expression patterns in human normal and cancer tissues using an antibody-based proteomics approach. In this respect, the SATB2 protein shows a selective pattern of expression and, within cells of epithelial lineages, SATB2 expression is restricted to glandular cells lining the lower gastrointestinal tract. The expression of SATB2 protein is primarily preserved in cancer cells of colorectal origin, indicating that SATB2 could function as a clinically useful diagnostic marker to distinguish colorectal cancer (CRC) from other types of cancer. The aim of this study was to further explore and validate the specific expression pattern of SATB2 as a clinical biomarker and to compare SATB2 with the well-known cytokeratin 20 (CK20). Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the extent of SATB2 expression in tissue microarrays with tumors from 9 independent cohorts of patients with primary and metastatic CRCs (n = 1882). Our results show that SATB2 is a sensitive and highly specific marker for CRC with distinct positivity in 85% of all CRCs, and that SATB2 and/or CK20 was positive in 97% of CRCs. In conclusion, the specific expression of SATB2 in a large majority of CRCs suggests that SATB2 can be used as an important complementary tool for the differential diagnosis of carcinoma of unknown primary origin.
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| 10. |
- Terent, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Stroke unit care revisited : who benefits the most? A cohort study of 105,043 patients in Riks-Stroke, the Swedish Stroke Register.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - : BMJ. - 0022-3050 .- 1468-330X. ; 80:8, s. 881-887
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Treatment at stroke units is superior to treatment at other types of wards. The objective of the present study is to determine the effect size of stroke unit care in subgroups of patients with stroke. This information might be useful in a formal priority setting. METHODS: All acute strokes reported to the Swedish Stroke Register from 2001 through 2005 were followed until January 2007. The subgroups were age (18-64, 65-74, 75-84, 85+ years and above), sex (male, female), stroke subtype (intracerebral haemorrhage, cerebral infarction and unspecified stroke) and level of consciousness (conscious, reduced, unconscious). Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the risk for death, institutional living or dependency. RESULTS: 105,043 patients were registered at 86 hospitals. 79,689 patients (76%) were treated in stroke units and 25,354 patients (24%) in other types of wards. Stroke unit care was associated with better long-term survival in all subgroups. The best relative effect was seen among the following subgroups: age 18-64 years (hazard ratio (HR) for death 0.53; 0.49 to 0.58), intracerebral haemorrhage (HR 0.61; 0.58 to 0.65) and unconsciousness (HR 0.70; 0.66 to 0.75). Stroke unit care was also associated with reduced risk for death or institutional living after 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: Stroke unit care was associated with better long-term survival in all subgroups, but younger patients, patients with intracerebral haemorrhage and patients who were unconscious had the best relative effect and may be given the highest priority to this form of care.
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