| 1. |
- Eliasson, Ingegärd, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Climate and behaviour in a Nordic city
- 2007
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In: LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-2046 .- 1872-6062. ; 82:1-2, s. 72-84
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Four urban public spaces, representing various designs and microclimates, were investigated in Gothenburg, Sweden, in order to estimate how weather and microclimate affect people in urban outdoor environments. The research strategy was both multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary and included scientists from three disciplines: architecture, climatology and psychology. The project is based on common case studies carried out during four seasons, including measurements of meteorological variables, interviews and observations of human activity at each place. Multiple regression analysis of meteorological and behavioural data showed that air temperature, wind speed and clearness index (cloud cover) have a significant influence on people's assessments of the weather, place perceptions and place-related attendance. The results support the arguments in favour of employing climate sensitive planning in future urban design and planning projects, as the physical component of a place can be designed to influence the site-specific microclimate and consequently people's place-related attendance, perceptions and emotions.
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| 2. |
- Westerberg, Ulla, et al.
(author)
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Perceived windiness in urban spaces.
- 2006
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In: The 6th International Conference on Urban Climate - Preprints. - 9163190001 ; , s. 209-212
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The paper discusses the perception of windiness in the urban environment and especially its visual aspects. Various urban spaces in two cities, both with a reputation of being windy, have been chosen for field studies. Perceived windiness of the spaces has been investigated through questionnaire surveys and on-site interviews simultaneous to climate measurements. Result: Windy has a negative connotation that interacts with other environmental aspects such as beauty and comfort. Also naturalness and mental images of what constitutes sheltered and windy places seem to influence the survey as well as the on-site assessments of windiness.
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| 3. |
- Wittbom, Eva, 1956-
(author)
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Att spränga normer : om målstyrningsprocesser för jämställdhetsintegrering
- 2009
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- How do management control systems function when under pressure to mainstream gender equality into a core business? This question is being discussed with an interpretive approach from both the institutional and the gender perspective. Empirical evidence stems from two longitudinal case studies within the Swedish public sector where management by objectives (MBO) is the current model for governmental control. The analysis is based on four aspects: management by objectives, gender mainstreaming, the concept of loose coupling from organization studies and institutional change as translation.The gender perspective highlights constructions that tend to enable or to hamper gender equality. The sociological institutional perspective sheds light over rules, norms and culture. In the empirical cases, it becomes evident that formal goals within MBO proved unable to overrule prevailing norms that have grounded a well established gendered (malestream) culture. Control systems are designed to handle new issues; however, in the cases studied, this took place merely normatively and in line with the core business, not by changing the grounds on which the control system stands. The MBO model consequently lacks the ability to integrate gender in a transformative mode.
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