| 1. |
- Axelsson Linkowski, Weronika, et al.
(författare)
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Shifting Strategies between Generations in Sami Reindeer Husbandry : the Challenges of Maintaining Traditions while Adapting to a Changing Context
- 2020
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Ingår i: Human Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0300-7839 .- 1572-9915. ; 48, s. 481-490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many traditional pastoralist systems are greatly impacted by cumulative encroachments of other land users and by climate change. Understanding land degradation and the adaptive capacity of people who are dependent on the rangelands is an urgent priority for many areas in the world. In this research we explore how changing environmental conditions affect herding strategies on winter pastures and the role of indigenous and local traditional knowledge (ILK) in Sami reindeer husbandry. Our results indicate that traditional Sami reindeer herding strategies are still practiced, but that rapidly changing environmental circumstances are forcing herders into uncharted territories where these traditional strategies and the transmission of knowledge between generations may be of limited use. For example, rotational grazing is no longer possible as all pastures are being used, and changes in climate result in unpredictable weather patterns unknown to earlier generations.
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| 2. |
- Dahlström, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Remnant habitats for grassland species in an abandoned Swedish agricultural landscape
- 2010
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Ingår i: Applied Vegetation Science. - 1402-2001 .- 1654-109X. ; 13:3, s. 305-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Questions: Which factors influence the persistence of vascular grassland plants in long-abandoned (at least 50 yr) arable fields and meadows? What might be the implications of current levels of species richness on abandoned arable fields and meadows for future restoration? Location: Forested highlands of Kilsbergen, south central Sweden. Methods: The abundance of all vascular plant species was investigated in three habitat types: former arable fields, hay meadows and outlands (pastures) at 27 farms, abandoned for either approximately 50 yr or 90 yr. Time since abandonment, tree cover, soil depth, degree of soil podsol development, size of the infield area and two measures of connectivity were used as predictors for species richness and species composition. Results: Former outland had denser tree cover, fewer species and fewer grassland species than former arable fields and hay meadows, irrespective of time since abandonment. Former hay meadows and arable fields with a longer time since abandonment were less rich in species, more wooded and had greater podsolization than meadows and fields abandoned at a later stage. Species richness was higher in hay meadows and arable fields at farms with larger infield area and deeper soils compared with farms with smaller infield area and shallower soils. The greatest richness of species and most open habitat were former arable fields at larger farms abandoned 50 yr before the study. Former arable fields had the highest number of grassland species. Conclusion: After 50 yr of abandonment, former arable fields were the most important remnant habitats for grassland species and may be a more promising target for restoration than formerly managed grasslands.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Lindkvist, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes on intensive forestry : an investigation into perceptions of increased production requirements in Swedish forestry
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 27:5, s. 438-448
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008, the Swedish government launched an inquiry into the possibilities, benefits and requirements for conducting intensive forestry in part of the Swedish countryside, including fertilization, genetically improved plant material and fastgrowing species beyond what is currently allowed in Swedish legislation. Drawing upon part of that governmental investigation, this paper analyzes attitudes toward intensive forestry over time. The study draws upon studies of points of conflict written in the 1970s and 1980s, attitudes among different stakeholder groups, and interviews with forest owners and stakeholder groups potentially affected by intensive forestry. The study concludes that the diverging opinions as to what constitutes acceptable forest use have remained largely the same over the years. Radical landscape change is generally not seen as desirable, but views diverge over the use of novel tree species and the use of fertilization.
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| 5. |
- Lundgren, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Cross-border transport infrastructure planning in the Nordic Region : an introduction
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Throughout history, transport infrastructure has played a crucial role inindustrialisation, economic growth and regional development and continues to do so. In recent decades, international trade, the growth potential of extended crossborder labour markets and new connections, such as the Öresund bridge (finalised in2000) and the Fehmarn Belt connection between Denmark and Germany (to beopened in 2029), have further increased interest in cross-border transportinfrastructure.This is the first report in the NORDINFRA project, aiming at increasing knowledge ofcross-border transport infrastructure planning in the Nordic Region. The project covers four Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) and explores institutional and other challenges and opportunities associated with better and more coordinated cross-border transport infrastructure planning.NORDINFRA is a research project financed by the Swedish Transport Administration(Trafikverket) and run by Nordregio and Umeå University. Its research methods consist of literature and document studies as well as interviews with stakeholders.Three Nordic cross-border transport infrastructure case studies have been selected:a new fixed link between Sweden and Denmark, namely the Helsingborg–Helsingör road and rail tunnel; an improved railway connection between Stockholm and Oslo; and the road and ferry connection from Mo i Rana in Norway, via Umeå in Sweden, to Vasa in Finland.This report begins with an overview of the transport infrastructure planning systemsin Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, with a focus on the policy goals, the main actors and their responsibilities within the transport infrastructure planning system, central elements of the planning process, analytical tools and tools for impact analysis.Overall, we find many similarities between the Nordic countries, although there are also important differences. In terms of transport goals, all four countries share important commonalities in that they focus on efficiency, accessibility, sustainability, and safety – although the specific goals are formulated in different ways and with different emphases. We find that, to a large extent, the countries share the same timeframe when it comes to the planning period (Denmark 2021–2035, Finland2021–2032, Norway 2022–2033 and Sweden 2022–2033).These commonalities are positive and can be expected to facilitate the planning of cross-border transport infrastructure objects. The analysis of the countries’ national infrastructure and transportation plans shows that although Nordic cross-border transport is mentioned, the focus is primarily on national transport infrastructure that is not adjacent to a border. In all the countries, planning takes place via step-bystep, formalised processes, including impact assessments. Here, too, the similarities between the countries can be expected to increase the potential for cross-border collaboration.We also find similarities between the Nordic countries studied when it comes to the main actors involved in transport infrastructure planning. At national level, the relevant ministry holds the responsibility for transport infrastructure, along with one or several national authorities in the field. However, one important difference between the Nordic countries is that, according to the Danish and Norwegian public administration models, the national transport authorities have less independence from the transport ministry than the equivalent agencies in Sweden and Finland.In all of the countries, the regional councils are responsible for elaborating a regional development strategy and are frequently involved in public transportation. The municipalities are responsible for local physical planning but may also have other tasks relating to transport infrastructure, such as local roads, local public transport, ports and airports. Looking closer, the division of transport infrastructure tasks between different levels of government varies depending on the country, and there can sometimes be territorial differences within the country, too.However, a general pattern can be observed whereby actors at national level have overall responsibility for the national transport infrastructure system, whereas regional and local actors are endowed with specific tasks and responsibilities within the transport infrastructure system. In order to facilitate cross-border transport infrastructure planning it is important that those actors involved in cross-border transport infrastructure planning have knowledge about these differences between the countries and regions involved to be able to better understand the prerequisites for cross-border infrastructure planning and adapt to the circumstances involved.Although transport infrastructure planning primarily takes place within a national context, also the European Union plays an important role for cross-border transport infrastructure planning. A policy area of great importance is EU transport policy – for example, the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) which aims to link territories across the EU via a core network of corridors, of which the Scandinavian –Mediterranean (Scan-Med) and North Sea–Baltic corridors are most important for the Nordic countries. The EU’s policy for regional development and its Cohesion Policy are both central to cross-border collaboration – not least the Interreg A programmes, which are targeted at cross-border co-operation. Just as the EU regional development policy is connected to measures and financing mechanisms such as the Interreg, the implementation of EU transport policy is facilitated by, e.g.the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF). While EU policies in the fields of regional development and transport support cross-border transport infrastructure planningin the Nordic Region, it is less evident to what extent Nordic co-operation supports cross-border transport infrastructure planning. Even though the national transport authorities are involved in knowledge-sharing networks (e.g. Nordisk Vejforum, and NJS – Forum for Nordisk Jernbanesamarbeid), since the dissolution of the Council of Ministers for Transport in 2005, there has been a lack of a Nordic political platform to discuss cross-border transport infrastructure.Previous research and literature show that cross-border transport infrastructure faces challenges in many different fields. Challenges relating to governance involve, for example, many stakeholders at different levels of government. Economic challenges may relate to, for example, only calculating benefits on one side of a national border or increased costs due to higher insecurity. Among the legal and administrative challenges, we find conflicting laws and regulations; and among the political challenges, a lack of political interest or the risk of altering the balance of power between countries or within a country. Other challenges may relate to differences in technology, calculation models or language.However, research literature and previous findings also highlight opportunities to overcome those challenges. These include establishing clear common goals, promoting transparency, working with relevant stakeholders and ensuring their commitment, allocating benefits and risks, and promoting effective governance.
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| 6. |
- La Mela, Matti, et al.
(författare)
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DASH Swedish National Doctoral School in Digital Humanities : From Local Expertise to National Research Infrastructure
- 2024
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024). - Linköping : Linköping Universitet.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the Swedish National Doctoral School in Digital Humanities: Data, Culture, and Society – Critical Perspectives (DASH) that is run in 2023–2027 by Uppsala University, Umeå University, Linnaeus University, and Gothenburg University. Though Swedish universities have established PhD courses, MA programmes and training in digital humanities previously, DASH is the first encompassing educational programme in digital humanities at the doctoral level. The present paper discusses the rationale behind the DASH doctoral school, its role in the landscape of Swedish humanities infrastructures, and provides insights from the first PhD courses and seminars. The focus of DASH is to equip PhD candidates in humanities and social sciences with knowledge and skills necessary to pursue high quality, innovative and critical research in digital humanities. DASH aims to provide knowledge in relation to digital research, its methods, tools, and critical perspectives, and to build and strengthen the networks among early career scholars. DASH facilitates access and use of the resources in the national infrastructures in the humanities, but also emerges as an element in the infrastructure by providing new resources and competences.
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| 7. |
-
Challenge the past / diversify the future - proceedings
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Challenge the Past / Diversify the Future is a multidisciplinary conference for scholars and practitioners who study the implementation and potential of visual and multi-sensory representations to challenge and diversify our understanding of history and culture. This volume contains an overview of all the presentations.
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| 8. |
- Lundgren, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Facilitating cross-border transport infrastructure planning in the Nordic Region
- 2023
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport är den andra rapporten i forskningsprojektet. Institutionella hinder och möjligheter tillsamordning (Nordic Transport infrastructure planning. Institutional barriers andopportunities for coordination) (2021–2023). Syftet med NORDINFRA är att öka kunskapen om gränsöverskridande transportinfrastruktur i Norden genom att identifiera hinder för gränsöverskridande transportinfrastruktur, peka påmöjligheter och föreslå åtgärder för att underlätta planering av gränsöverskridande transportinfrastruktur. Projektet, som har finansierats av Trafikverket, har letts av Nordregio, och genomförts av forskare från Nordregio och Umeå universitet.I den första rapporten, "Cross-border transport infrastructure planning in the Nordic Region - An introduction" (2023) gavs en bakgrund och fördjupning av hur gränsöverskridande transportinfrastrukturplanering bedrivs inom ramen för de olika planeringssystemen i Danmark, Finland, Norge och Sverige, samt vilken roll den nordiska och EU-kontexten spelar. Den här andra och sista rapporten i projektet bygger på empiri från intervjuer i tre fallstudier av infrastrukturprojekt i tidiga skeden; den fasta HH-förbindelsen mellan Helsingborg och Helsingör, järnvägsförbindelsen Stockholm–Oslo, och länken från Mo i Rana, via Hemavan och Umeå, över Kvarken till Vasa. I intervjuerna med intressenter från fallstudieprojekten har vi ställt frågor om hur de ser på formella och informellahinder för gränsöverskridande transportinfrastrukturplanering, och hur dessa hinder skulle kunna överbryggas. De båda rapporterna är komplementära. Precis som skrivbordsstudierna i den första rapporten visade, bekräftar intervjuerna att gränsöverskridande transportinfrastrukturplanering involverar många aktörer på olika administrativa nivåer, från ministerier och transportmyndigheter på den nationella nivån, till regioner, kommuner, gränsöverskridande organisationer, privata företag och lobbygrupper. Intervjuerna visar också att den nationella nivån och regeringarna har en särskilt central roll då dessa i stor utsträckning sätter ramarna och på så sätt påverkarde övriga aktörernas agerande. Även om våra resultat visar stora utmaningar för gränsöverskridande transportinfrastrukturplanering, har vi även fått exempel på framgångsrika planeringsinsatser och förslag på åtgärder för att ytterligare utveckla transportplaneringen över nationsgränserna. Utmaningarna har sammanfattats i sju nyckelområden:Att acceptera att gränsöverskridande transportinfrastrukturplanering är komplextAtt ha förståelse för att den nationella planeringen förtransportinfrastruktur har en nyckelrollAtt hantera bristen på tydliga uppdrag och mandat för gränsöverskridande transportinfrastrukturplaneringAtt systematiskt dela information och kunskap omtransportinfrastrukturplaneringAtt beakta att gränsöverskridande transportinfrastruktur när allt kommer omkring är en fråga om prioritieringarAtt involvera regionala och andra intressenter i den gränsöverskridande transportinfrastrukturplaneringenAtt lära hantverket om hur man samarbetar kring gränsöverskridande transportinfrastrukturplaneringDen främsta potentialen för att förbättra gränsöverskridande transportinfrastrukturplanering i Norden är beroende av att de nationella regeringarna i högre grad prioriterar det nordiska politiska samarbetet inom transportinfrastruktur. För att utveckla det nordiska samarbetet kring transportinfrastruktur, ska vikten av tydliga mandat och uppdrag inte underskattas. Även om regioner, kommuner, gränsöverskridande organisationer och andra aktörer är viktiga kan de inte ersätta de nationella myndigheternas centrala roll.Genom att skapa en gemensam nordisk kunskapsbas om transportflödena i det nordiska transportsystemet, transportsystemets funktionssätt och om hur investeringar i transportinfrastruktur i ett land påverkar flödena i de andra nordiska länderna, skulle den samlade kunskapsnivån kunna höjas. Denna skulle också kunna fungera som en gemensam nordisk plattform för kunskaps- och erfarenhetsutbyte som bas och för att utveckla strukturer för fördjupat samarbete kring bl.a. gemensamma analysverktyg. Sammantaget bedöms dessainsatser kunna bidra till att underlätta den nordiska gränsöverskridande transportinfrastrukturplaneringen och till att utveckla ett transportsystem som gynnar de nordiska länderna och Norden som helhet.
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| 9. |
- Tunon, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Hur bör Sverige genomföra artiklarna 8j och 10c i syfte att uppnå Aichi-mål 18 i FN:s Konvention om biologisk mångfald? : ett uppdrag från Naturvårdsverket 2013
- 2014
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta är en utredning som Centrum för biologisk mångfald har gjort under 2013 på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket i syfte att analysera vilka myndigheter som kan tänkas beröras av ett nationellt genomförade av dessa bägge artiklar i FN:s konvention om biologisk mångfald (CBD). Artiklarna 8j och 10c handlar om att samhället ska ta bättre hänsyn till urfolks- och lokala samhällens kultur och naturresursanvändande och främja ett fortsatt hållbart sedvanebruk av biologisk mångfald. För att verkligen kunna uppnå de högt ställda målen med artiklarna krävs mycket långt gående förändringar i samhället och hur myndigheterna arbetar. I rapporten ges ett förslag på handlingsplan för att försöka nå målen till år 2020, vilket är det uppställda året för detta enligt CBD-beslutet. Traditionell kunskap, dvs. praktisk erfarenhetsbaserad kunskap som förts vidare från generation till generation, bedöms vara en viktig förutsättning för att uppnå ett framtida hållbart samhälle.
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| 10. |
- Tunon, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Vägar framåt för några nationella myndigheters implementering av konventionen om biologisk mångfald och lokal och traditionell kunskap av betydelse för biologisk mångfald
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- På uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket genomförde Centrum för biologisk mångfald under 2014 en utredning, vilket resulterade i denna rapport. Syftet med uppdraget var att göra en fördjupad analys över vilka insatser ett antal svenska statliga myndigheter behöver göra för att uppnå Sveriges åtaganden enligt FN:s konvention om biologisk mångfald vad gäller artikel 8j (särskild hänsyn till s.k. traditionell kunskap som finns hos urfolk och lokala samhällen med traditionella sedvänjor) och artikel 10c (hänsyn till hållbart sedvanebruk). Idén är att de framlagda förslagen ska bidra till att Sverige år 2020 ska nå Aichi-mål 18 gällande dessa frågor, som Sverige varit delaktiga i att besluta om inom mångfaldskonventionen. Traditionell kunskap, dvs. praktisk erfarenhetsbaserad kunskap som förts vidare från generation till generation, bedöms vara en viktig förutsättning för att bevara och hållbart nyttja biologisk mångfald samt uppnå ett framtida hållbart samhälle.
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