| 1. |
- Blomdahl, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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A Manual-Based Phenomenological Art Therapy for Individuals Diagnosed With Moderate to Severe Depression (PATd): A Randomized Controlled Study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1095-158X .- 1559-3126. ; 41:3, s. 169-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the effects of manual-based Phenomenological Art Therapy for individuals living with depression in addition to treatment as usual (PATd/TAU) compared with only treatment as usual (TAU) for individuals diagnosed with moderate to severe depression. Method: 79 adults (men = 29.1%) were included in this randomized-controlled-trial (RCT), multicenter study in Sweden with an intention-to-treat design. Participants were randomized into either the PATd/TAU-group (n = 43) or TAU-group (n = 36). Data were collected at baseline and at end of treatment. The main outcomes were depression levels and self-esteem. Secondary outcomes were suicide ideation and sickness absence. Results: The PATd/TAU-group showed a significant decrease of depression levels. The PATd/TAU-group returned to work to a higher degree than the TAU-group. Self-esteem significantly improved in both groups. Suicide ideation was unaffected. Conclusion and Implications for Practice: Manual-based PATd works as expected, being an effective treatment, and contributes to recovery for individuals with moderate to severe depression. This outcome needs to be confirmed and its long-term effects examined in further studies.
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| 2. |
- Blomdahl, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Art therapy for patients with depression: expert opinions on its main aspects for clinical practice
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Mental Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8237 .- 1360-0567. ; 25:6, s. 527-535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Art therapy is based mainly on clinical experience and is rarely described and evaluated scientifically. There is a need for further exploration of its use in patients with depression. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore what experts consider to be the main aspects of art therapy in clinical practice for patients with depression. Method: Eighteen occupational therapists experienced and educated in art therapy participated. The experts answered three rounds of Delphi questionnaires and ranked their agreement with 74 assertions. Consensus was defined as 70% or higher. Results: The experts agreed more on assertions about theoretical frames of reference than about clinical practice. The main aspects of art therapy were agreed to be the patients’ opportunity to express themselves verbally and through making art. It was equally important that art tasks provided an opportunity to address depressive thoughts, feelings, life experiences, and physical symptoms. Conclusions: Experts in the field of art therapy considered that the main aspect of clinical practice in art therapy for patients with depression is that art themes should promote expression related to both to depression and personal history.
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| 3. |
- Blomdahl, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Meeting oneself in inner dialogue: a manual-based Phenomenological Art Therapy as experienced by patients diagnosed with moderate to severe depression
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Arts in Psychotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4556. ; 59, s. 17-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manual-based Phenomenological Art Therapy for patients with depression (PATd) is a program developed for patients with depression. This study aimed to explore and describe the significance of PATd for patients diagnosed with moderate to severe depression. The study adopted a phenomenological approach according to Reflective Lifeworld Research. Ten participants were interviewed. The interviews were transcribed and a meaning-oriented analysis was conducted: the transcribed text was read repeatedly to gain an initial sense of the material; meaning-bearing units were identified and related meanings were grouped together in clusters; and the invariant element, the essence of the phenomenon, was described with its various aspects. PATd facilitates meeting oneself in an inner dialogue between that which is evident and that which is outside of awareness. Both processes of making art and describing the experience makes oneself and the situation visible, opening up and altering understanding through the inner dialogue. This study contributes further information by deepening understandings of the importance of the meeting with oneself in an inner dialogue that occurs through the patient's engagement with the image, the art materials, and in the process of making art. The outer dialogue with the therapist elucidates and deepens the inner dialogue.
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| 4. |
- Blomdahl, C., et al.
(författare)
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Recovery From Depression-A 6-Month Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Study of Manual-Based Phenomenological Art Therapy for Persons With Depression
- 2022
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Ingår i: Art Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0742-1656 .- 2159-9394. ; 39:1, s. 13-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manual-based phenomenological art therapy (PATd) was developed to facilitate recovery from depression. The study's aim was to investigate whether improvements were maintained 6 months after PATd was completed. In a randomized controlled study design, persons diagnosed with moderate or severe depression (n = 85) were invited to take part; n = 79 participated and were allocated either to intervention (n = 43) or control (n = 36). The control group received treatment as usual, while the intervention received PATd in addition to treatment as usual. Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests, t-tests, and regression models were employed. Reduced depression, improvements in self-esteem, suicide ideation, and returning to work were sustained in the 6-month follow-up. This study indicates that PATd supports more rapid recovery, while improvement is sustained over time.
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