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| 3. |
- Tang, Jinfeng, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Highly efficient recovery and clean-up of four heavy metals from MSWI fly ash by integrating leaching, selective extraction and adsorption
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526. ; 234, s. 139-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash contains significant amounts of heavy metals (e.g., Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and is therefore considered to be a hazardous waste requiring proper treatment prior to its disposal. In this work, an integrated hydrometallurgical process for treatment of MSWI fly ash was evaluated. Valuable metals, e.g. Cu and Zn, were first recovered by combining leaching and extraction sequentially. In the next step, the t removal of Cd and Pb from the remaining leachate using four types of iron-based adsorbents was evaluated. The leaching was optimized with respect to pH, leaching time and liquid to solid ratio. A test done under optimal conditions gave metal releases of 100% and 80% for Cu and Zn as well as 100% and 85% for Cd and Pb, respectively. The resulting leachate was contacted with organic phases based on kerosene containing the extractants LIX860N–I for Cu extraction and Cyanex 572 for Zn extraction in two consecutive steps. Efficient extractions were achieved, thus demonstrating that the combination of leaching and extraction can be successfully used for the recovery of Cu and Zn. Adsorption of heavy metal ions on various iron based sorbents to detoxify the aqueous effluent from the extraction showed good removal efficiency (more than 95%) for both Cd and Pb. The results of this study show that the proposed integrated process is a promising tool that can be used in the strategy for metal recovery and detoxification of MSWI fly ash.
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- Yin, J., et al.
(författare)
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SmartDID : A Novel Privacy-preserving Identity based on Blockchain for IoT
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Internet of Things Journal. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2327-4662. ; , s. 1-1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet of Things (IoT) applications have penetrated into all aspects of human life. Millions of IoT users and devices, online services and applications combine to create a complex and heterogeneous network, which complicates digital identity management. Distributed identity is a promising paradigm to solve IoT identity problems and allows users to have soverignty over their private data. However, existing state-of-the-art methods are unsuitable for IoT due to continuing issues regarding resource limitations for IoT devices, security and privacy issues, and lack of a systematic proof system. Accordingly, in this paper, we propose SmartDID, a novel blockchain-based distributed identity aimed at establishing a self-sovereign identity and providing strong privacy preservation. First, we configure IoT devices as light nodes and design a Sybil-resistant, unlinkable and supervisable distributed identity that does not rely on central identity providers. We further develop a dual-credential model based on commitment and zero-knowledge proofs to protect the privacy of sensitive attributes, on-chain identity data and linkage of credentials. Moreover, we combine the basic credential proofs to prove the knowledge of solutions to more complex problems and create a systematic proof system. We go on to provide the security analysis of SmartDID. Experimental analysis shows that our scheme achieves better performance in terms of both credential generation and proof generation when compared with CanDID.
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| 5. |
- Lederman, Judith S., et al.
(författare)
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Completing the progression establishing an international baseline of primary, middle and secondary students’ views of scientific inquiry
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Science Education. - : Routledge. - 0950-0693 .- 1464-5289.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge of scientific inquiry (SI) is considered essential to the development of an individual's Scientific Literacy (SL) and therefore, SI is included in many international science education reform documents. Two previous large scale international studies assessed the SI understandings of students entering middle school and secondary students at the end of their formal K-12 science education. The purpose of this international project was to use the VASI-E to collect data on what primary level students have learned about SI in their first few years of school. This study adds to previous research to bridge the landscape of SI understandings now with representation from primary, middle and high school samples. A total of 4,238 students from 35 countries/regions spanning six continents participated in the study. The results show that globally, primary students are not adequately informed about SI for their age group. However, when compared with the students in the previous international studies (grades seven and 12), the primary students' understandings were surprisingly closer to the levels of understanding of SI of the secondary school students than those in the seventh grade study.
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| 6. |
- Xiao, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Skill-biased acquisitions? Human capital and employee mobility in small technology firms
- 2023
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Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-0913 .- 0921-898X. ; 60:3, s. 1219-1247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between acquisitions and mobility of knowledge workers and managers in small technology companies and how individual skills and capabilities moderate this relationship. Relying on the matched employer–employee data of the Swedish high-tech sectors from 2007 to 2015, we find that acquisitions increase the likelihood of employee departures, mainly in the form of switching to another employer, but that these acquisition effects are weaker for employees with technological competences. By contrast, the acquisition effects are found to be weaker for employees with managerial competences only when acquirers have a strong employee retention motive. When acquirers do not have a strong retention motive, managers, compared to other employees, are more likely to exit the (national) labor market after acquisitions. Our results suggest that the retention motive is a critical condition to explain post-acquisition employee turnover. Both technological and managerial competences are the types of human capital valued by acquirers when they have a strong retention motive.
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| 7. |
- Dang, Junhua, et al.
(författare)
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Individual differences in dopamine level modulate the ego depletion effect
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Psychophysiology. - : Elsevier. - 0167-8760 .- 1872-7697. ; 99, s. 121-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Initial exertion of self-control impairs subsequent self-regulatory performance, which is referred to as the ego depletion effect. The current study examined how individual differences in dopamine level, as indexed by eye blink rate (EBR), would moderate ego depletion. An inverted-U-shaped relationship between EBR and subsequent self regulatory performance was found when participants initially engaged in self-control but such relationship was absent in the control condition where there was no initial exertion, suggesting individuals with a medium dopamine level may be protected from the typical ego depletion effect. These findings are consistent with a cognitive explanation which considers ego depletion as a phenomenon similar to switch costs that would be neutralized by factors promoting flexible switching.
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| 8. |
- Dang, Junhua, et al.
(författare)
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The Beauty of the Zero : Replications and Extensions of the Hidden-Zero Effect in Delay Discounting Tasks
- 2021
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Ingår i: Social Psychology and Personality Science. - : SAGE Publications. - 1948-5506 .- 1948-5514. ; 12:4, s. 544-549
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unlike the presentation format in a typical delay discounting task (e.g., Would you prefer [A] US$4.3 today OR [B] US$7.5 in 22 days?), Magen et al. inserted a zero to each alternative (e.g., Would you prefer [A] US$4.3 today and US$0 in 22 days OR [B] US$0 today and US$7.5 in 22 days?) and found this manipulation effectively reduced delay discounting (d= .84), which was referred to as the hidden-zero effect. Study 1 was a direct replication of this effect. In Study 2, we tested whether the explicit-zero format could buffer against the detrimental effect of exposure to sexy cues on delay discounting. In Study 3, we explored the mechanism underlying the hidden-zero effect. Taken together, the hidden-zero effect was consistently found across all studies (N= 2,440) and our internal meta-analysis yielded a medium to large effect size (d= .52).
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| 9. |
- Dang, Junhua, et al.
(författare)
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When the poor excel : Poverty facilitates procedural learning
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 57:4, s. 288-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent research has shown that poverty directly impeded cognitive functions because the poor could be easily distracted by monetary concerns. We argue that this effect may be limited to functions relying on working memory. For functions that rely on proceduralized processes however, monetary concerns elicited by reminding of financial demands would be conducive rather than harmful. Our results supported this hypothesis by showing that participants with lower income reached the learning criterion of the information-integration categorization task faster than their more affluent counterparts after reminding of financial demands.
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| 10. |
- Moore, Dylan, et al.
(författare)
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ActiveNavigator: Toward Real-Time Knowledge Capture and Feedback in Design Workspaces
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Engineering Education. - 0949-149X. ; 34:2(B), s. 723-733
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge capture and reuse systems, such as interactive table surfaces or smart whiteboards, have long enabled designers to review and revisit the knowledge artifacts generated by their creative work. Advances in data sensing and computation now allow near real-time analysis and feedback to be added this toolbox. In this paper, we outline our exploratory application of real-time speaker identification, audio transcription, linguistic analysis, and proactive content retrieval to design team meetings. We highlight the potential benefits and limitations of tools available to collect and analyze real-time design interactions and identify areas of future exploration for engineering educators and designers. In addition, we consider the implications of these tools for design research; automatic data analysis makes it possible to instrument several design workspaces simultaneously, increasing the chance of capturing critical moments, and increasing the opportunity to draw comparisons and contrasts across teams.
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