| 1. |
- Zhang, Hua, et al.
(författare)
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Relation of socioeconomic status to overweight and obesity : a large population-based study of Chinese adults
- 2017
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Ingår i: Annals of Human Biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0301-4460 .- 1464-5033. ; 44:6, s. 495-501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: China has been going through significant changes in social and economical aspects and with great socioeconomic disparity in different regions. However, data on the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity are not available in Tianjin, China.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association between SES and high adiposity among the adult population in Tianjin.Subjects and methods: A total of 7351 individuals aged 20-79 were included in this study. Socioeconomic information was collected through an interview following a structured questionnaire. Waist circumference, body weight and height were measured following standard procedures. Overweight and obesity were defined according to the criteria of the Working Group on Obesity in China. Data were analysed using multinomial logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounders.Results: Stratified analysis showed that higher monthly income and education were related to decreased odds of abdominal overweight/ obesity in women, while high education was associated with increased odds of general overweight/obesity in men. Retirement increased the odds of abdominal overweight and obesity and non-manual work was associated with low odds of abdominal obesity in women.Conclusions: SES was associated with general and abdominal overweight/obesity and sex may play a role in such an association.
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| 2. |
- Tesar, Marek, et al.
(författare)
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Infantographies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Educational Philosophy and Theory. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0013-1857 .- 1469-5812.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Pan, Kuan-Yu, et al.
(författare)
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The role of Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 in the association between psychosocial working conditions and dementia
- 2020
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Ingår i: Aging. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1945-4589 .- 1945-4589. ; 12:4, s. 3730-3746
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this population-based prospective study, we examined the association of job demand-control combinations with dementia, and explored the roles of Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 (APOE epsilon 4) and work duration in this association. A total of 2,579 dementia-free individuals aged 60+ years from Sweden were followed over 12 years. Dementia diagnosis was made by physicians. Lifelong occupational experience was collected, and job demands and control were assessed using a psychosocial job-exposure matrix. Data were analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. During the follow-up, 282 people developed dementia. Passive jobs (low control/low demands) were related to a higher risk of dementia compared with active jobs (high control/high demands) among the younger-old (aged <= 72 years), but not among the older-old (aged >= 78 years). Among the younger-old, compared to those with no passive job experience, those with 11+ years in passive jobs had a higher dementia risk. The joint-effect analyses showed that APOE epsilon 4 carriers with passive jobs had an even higher risk of dementia compared to APOE epsilon 4 non-carriers with active jobs. These findings suggest that passive jobs are related to a higher dementia risk among the younger-old. APOE epsilon 4 and long work duration may amplify the impact of passive jobs on dementia.
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| 4. |
- Shang, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Association of diabetes with stroke and post-stroke dementia : A population-based cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 16:7, s. 1003-1012
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The impact of prediabetes and diabetes on stroke and the development of dementia after a stroke remain unclear.Methods: A total of 2655 dementia-free participants (including a stroke-free cohort and a prevalent stroke cohort) were followed-up for 12 years. Dementia and post-stroke dementia were determined by clinical examinations and national registry data. Diabetes was ascertained via medical examination, medication use, medical records, or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >= 6.5%. Prediabetes was defined as H bA1c >= 5.7% in diabetes-free participants.Results: In the stroke-free cohort, 236 participants developed ischemic stroke, and 47 developed post-stroke dementia. Diabetes was associated with ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR] 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16 to 2.67) and post-stroke dementia (HR 2.56, 95% CI 1.04 to 6.25). In the prevalent stroke cohort, diabetes was also related to dementia risk. Prediabetes was not significantly related to stroke or post-stroke dementia.Discussion: Diabetes, but not prediabetes, is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke and post-stroke dementia.
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| 5. |
- Shang, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence and Evolution of Prediabetes among Older Adults : A Population-Based Cohort Study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 67:suppl 1, s. LB49-LB49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The incidence and evolution of prediabetes in older adults is still unclear. We aimed to estimate the incidence of prediabetes, the rates of prediabetes reverting to normoglycemia or progressing to type 2 diabetes, and to identify possible prognostic factors among older adults with prediabetes.Methods: In the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care-Kungsholmen Project, 3049 diabetes-free participants aged ≥60 years were examined at baseline (2001-2004), and were followed-up to 12 years (2013-2016). At each wave, type 2 diabetes was ascertained based on self-report, antidiabetic drug use, medical records, or glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol). In diabetes-free participants, prediabetes was assessed as HbA1c ≥5.7% (39 mmol/mol), and normoglycemia was defined as HbA1c <5.7%. Data were analysed with Poisson regression and multinomial logistic regression.Results: During 12 years follow-up, among 1972 (64.7%) participants with normoglycemia, 505 (25.6%) developed prediabetes (incidence=4.3/100 person-years, 95% CI 3.9-4.8). Of the 1077 (35.3%) participants with prediabetes at baseline, 204 (18.9%) reverted to normoglycemia (reversion rate=3.1/100 person-years, 95% CI: 2.6-3.6) and 119 (11.0%) progressed to type 2 diabetes (progression rate=1.7/100 person-years, 95% CI: 1.3-2.1). The reversal to normoglycemia was significantly associated with lower systolic blood pressure and weight loss, while, obesity and weight gain were risk factors for progression to type 2 diabetes.Conclusions: The incidence of prediabetes is high (about 26%) among older adults. Around 19% of people with prediabetes may revert to normoglycemia and 11% progress to type 2 diabetes. Weight change and systolic blood pressure may play a role in such evolution.
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| 6. |
- Virgüez, Edgar, et al.
(författare)
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The future of scientific societies
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 380:6640, s. 30-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Engström, Arne, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Problems and Improvement of the Formulations of Mathematics Teaching Objectives : An Example from the Three Dimensional Mathematics Teaching Objectives in Junior High School
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Mathematics Education. - Tianjin : Tianjin Normal University. - 1004-9894. ; 23:5, s. 23-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On the basis of the theory of teaching objectives and the practice of mathematics teaching objectives formulating, we established a framework for analyzing mathematical teaching objectives. Based on this analytical framework, we analyzed the teaching mathematics objectives that formulated by junior school mathematics teachers from the whole structure and the specific formulations, and found some problems about formulations of mathematics teaching objectives. Finally we introduced the basic process and gave some examples about improving the quality of mathematics teqaching objectives.
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| 8. |
- Fluckiger, Christoph, et al.
(författare)
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The Reciprocal Relationship Between Alliance and Early Treatment Symptoms: A Two-Stage Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. - : AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC. - 0022-006X .- 1939-2117. ; 88:9, s. 829-843
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Even though the early alliance has been shown to robustly predict posttreatment outcomes, the question whether alliance leads to symptom reduction or symptom reduction leads to a better alliance remains unresolved. To better understand the relation between alliance and symptoms early in therapy, we meta-analyzed the lagged session-by-session within-patient effects of alliance and symptoms from Sessions I to 7. Method: We applied a 2-stage individual participant data meta-analytic approach. Based on the data sets of 17 primary studies from 9 countries that comprised 5,350 participants, we first calculated standardized session-by-session within-patient coefficients. Second, we meta-analyzed these coefficients by using random-effects models to calculate omnibus effects across the studies. Results: In line with previous meta-analyses, we found that early alliance predicted posttreatment outcome. We identified significant reciprocal within-patient effects between alliance and symptoms within the first 7 sessions. Cross-level interactions indicated that higher alliances and lower symptoms positively impacted the relation between alliance and symptoms in the subsequent session. Conclusion: The findings provide empirical evidence that in the early phase of therapy. symptoms and alliance were reciprocally related to one other, often resulting in a positive upward spiral of higher alliance/lower symptoms that predicted higher alliances/lower symptoms in the subsequent sessions. Two-stage individual participant data meta-analyses have the potential to move the field forward by generating and interlinking well-replicable process-based knowledge.
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