| 1. |
- Wang, J., et al.
(författare)
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Final report of the CCQM-K145 : Toxic and essential elements in bovine liver
- 2020
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Ingår i: Metrologia. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0026-1394 .- 1681-7575. ; 57:1 A
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Liver plays a major role in metabolism and acts as a source of energy for the body by storing glycogen. With the growing interest and investigation in the biological effects in recent years, it is important and necessary to develop accurate and comparable analytical methods for elements in bio-samples. It has, however, been 10 years since the tissue sample (bovine liver) of CCQM-K49 key comparison. The purpose of CCQM-K145 is to ensure the comparable and traceable measurement results for essential and toxic elements such as P, S, Zn, Mn, Ni, Mo, Sr, Cr, Co, Pb, As and Hg in bovine liver among NMIs and other designated measurement bodies worldwide. The comparison was agreed by IAWG as 6th IAWG Benchmarking Exercise with Zn and Ni as exemplary elements at the meeting in Korea in the early October 2016. The results of CCQM-K145 are expected to cover the measurement capability and support CMCs claiming for inorganic elements in the similar biological tissue materials and food samples. 30 NMIs and DIs registered in CCQM-K145. With respect to the methodology, a variety of techniques such as IDMS, ICP-OES, ICP-MS(non-ID), AAS and NAA were adopted by the participants. For Zn, Ni, Sr, Pb and Hg measurements, most participants chose ID-ICP-MS method, which showed the better performance in terms of consistency and reliability of the measurement results. In aspect of the traceability for the measurement results in CCQM-K145, most participants used their own (in house) CRMs or other NMI's CRMs to guarantee trace to SI unit. Most participants used similar matrix CRMs for quality control or method validation. Base on different statistic way to calculate the reference mass fraction values and associated uncertainties for each measurand, removal of the suspected extreme values, and discussion at the IAWG meetings, the median values are proposed as the KCRV for Zn, Ni, Mn, Mo, Cr, Pb and Hg; the arithmetic mean values are proposed as the KCRV for P, S, Sr, Co and As. In general, the performances of the majority of CCQM-K145 participants are very good, illustrating their measurement capabilities for Zn, Ni, P, S, Mn, Mo, Sr, Cr, As, Co, Pb and Hg in a complex biological tissue matrix. Bovine liver contains many kinds of nutrients and microelements, it can be regarded as a typical representative material of biological tissue and food. In CCQM-K145, the analytes involved alkali metals and transition elements, metalloids/semi-metals and non metals with a range of mass fraction from mg/g to μg/kg. CCQM-K145 also tested the ability of NMIs/DIs to determine elements that were easy to be lost and polluted, and interfered significantly. The chemical pretreatment methods of samples used in the comparison is suitable for general food and biological matrix samples. A variety of measurement methods used in the comparison represent the main instrumental technology for elemental analysis. Therefore, for supporting CMC claim, CCQM-K145 is readily applicable to measurement of more elements in a wide range of biological materials (including liquids and solids) and meat products. Main text To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
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| 2. |
- Lee, J. -H, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative study on added resistance of a bulk carrier in regular head and oblique waves
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference. - : International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers. - 9781880653845 ; , s. 3385-3393
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, a comparative study on motion response and added resistance of a Supramax bulk carrier (K-Supramax Original) in regular waves was carried out to evaluate the reliabilities and accuracies of experimental and numerical simulation techniques. Two kinds of experiments were performed; one is the towing tank model testing for head wave conditions conducted at Seoul National University, and the other is the free-running model test for head and oblique wave conditions conducted at SSPA Sweden AB. Also, nine numerical computation results submitted by seven institutions were compared with the experimental data. The computation results were obtained by various seakeeping analysis methods such as the 2D strip theory, 3D Rankine panel method, and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based analysis. Based on the comparison, the characteristics of each numerical technique and resultant accuracies of seakeeping analyses were investigated. It was also confirmed that different results were obtained although the same program was used because of the user dependencies; setting for computation parameters, numerical schemes, and mesh generations, etc. Furthermore, the sensitivities of seakeeping quantities with respect to wave amplitudes were examined by conducting both model tests and nonlinear numerical simulations for different wave slopes. Lastly, the tendencies of ship motion and added resistance depending on the heading angle were identified, and the reliabilities of experiments and numerical computations for oblique waves were discussed.
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| 3. |
- Park, D. -M, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative study on added resistance of a container ship in waves
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference. - : International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers. - 9781880653852 ; , s. 4418-4425
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a comparative study on the motion responses and added resistance of a container ship. Eight institutions participated in the comparative study, and ten numerical results were compared with two experimental results. Two experimental results were obtained from Seoul National University towing tank and Sweden SSPA seakeeping basin. The results of two experimental institutions in head sea condition were compared and showed good agreement with each other. The difference in motion responses and added resistance according to the numerical analysis method were compared. Even though the same program was used, it was observed that different results were obtained depending on the users. The comparison of the motion response and the added resistance according to the change of wave slope showed that the added resistance greatly changed according to the wave slope. This tendency was the same in experimental results and CFD analysis results. From the comparative study, the influence of the experiment method on the added resistance, and the characteristics of numerical each code were identified.
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| 4. |
- Van Den Berg, F. D., et al.
(författare)
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Product uniformity control - A research collaboration of european steel industries to non-destructive evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties
- 2018
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Ingår i: Stud. Appl. Electromagn. Mech.. - : IOS Press. - 9781614998358 ; 43, s. 120-129
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In steel manufacturing, the conventional method to determine the mechanical properties and microstructure is by offline, destructive (lab-)characterisation of sample material that is typically taken from the head or the tail of the coil. Since coils can be up to 7 km long, the samples are not always representative for the main coil body. Also, the time delay (typically a few days) between the actual production and the availability of the characterisation results implies that these results cannot be exploited for real-time adaptation of the process settings. Information about the microstructure and material properties can also be obtained from electromagnetic (EM) and ultrasonic (US) parameters, which can be measured in real-time, non-destructively, and over the full length of the steel strip product. With the aim to improve the consistency in product quality by use of inline EM and US measurements, a European project called "Product Uniformity Control" (PUC) has been set up as a broad collaboration between 4 major European Steel Manufacturers and 10 Universities / Research institutes. Using both numerical simulations and experimental characterisations, we study the inline measured EM and US parameters in regard of the microstructural and mechanical properties. In this way, we aim to establish an improved understanding of their mutual relationships, and to apply this knowledge in existing and new nondestructive evaluation techniques. In this paper, the concerted approach of modelling and experimental validation will be addressed, and results of this work will be shown in combination with inline measured data.
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| 5. |
- Brunnström, Kjell, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Industry and business perspectives on the distinctions between visually lossless and lossy video quality : Mobile and large format displays
- 2017
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Ingår i: IS and T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology. - : Society for Imaging Science and Technology. ; , s. 118-133
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper will explore the mobile and business perspectives of visually lossless image quality, as well as review recent scientific advances. It is the outcome from the Special Session on Visually Lossless Video Quality for Modern Devices: Research and Industry Perspectives organized at the Human Vision and Electronic Imaging 2017 by IS&T at San Francisco Airport, Burlingame, California, USA, Jan 29 - Feb 2, 2017. It summarizes four presentations and a panel discussion.
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| 6. |
- Lindblom, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic modelling of nitrous oxide emissions from three Swedish sludge liquor treatment systems
- 2016
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 73:4, s. 798-806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to model the dynamics and validate the results of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from three Swedish nitrifying/denitrifying, nitritation and anammox systems treating real anaerobic digester sludge liquor. The Activated Sludge Model No. 1 is extended to describe N2O production by both heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification. In addition, mass transfer equations are implemented to characterize the dynamics of N2O in the water and the gas phases. The biochemical model is simulated and validated for two hydraulic patterns: (1) a sequencing batch reactor; and (2) a moving-bed biofilm reactor. Results show that the calibrated model is partly capable of reproducing the behaviour of N2O as well as the nitritation/nitrification/denitrification dynamics. However, the results emphasize that additional work is required before N2O emissions from sludge liquor treatment plants can be generally predicted with high certainty by simulations. Continued efforts should focus on determining the switching conditions for different N2O formation pathways and, if full-scale data are used, more detailed modelling of the measurement devices might improve the conclusions that can be drawn.
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| 7. |
- Allison, Robert S., et al.
(författare)
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Perspectives on the definition of visually lossless quality for mobile and large format displays
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Electronic Imaging (JEI). - 1017-9909 .- 1560-229X. ; 27:5, s. 1-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Advances in imaging and display engineering have given rise to new and improved image and videoapplications that aim to maximize visual quality under given resource constraints (e.g., power, bandwidth).Because the human visual system is an imperfect sensor, the images/videos can be represented in a mathematicallylossy fashion but with enough fidelity that the losses are visually imperceptible—commonly termed“visually lossless.” Although a great deal of research has focused on gaining a better understanding ofthe limits of human vision when viewing natural images/video, a universally or even largely accepted definitionof visually lossless remains elusive. Differences in testing methodologies, research objectives, and targetapplications have led to multiple ad-hoc definitions that are often difficult to compare to or otherwise employ inother settings. We present a compendium of technical experiments relating to both vision science and visualquality testing that together explore the research and business perspectives of visually lossless image quality,as well as review recent scientific advances. Together, the studies presented in this paper suggest that a singledefinition of visually lossless quality might not be appropriate; rather, a better goal would be to establish varyinglevels of visually lossless quality that can be quantified in terms of the testing paradigm.
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| 8. |
- Boddaert, S., et al.
(författare)
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Fire safety of BIPV : International mapping of accredited and R&D facilities in the context of codes and standards 2023
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of Task 15 of the IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme is to create an enabling framework to accelerate the penetration of BIPV products in the global market of renewables, resulting in an equal playing field for BIPV products, BAPV products and regular building envelope components, respecting mandatory issues, aesthetic issues, reliability issues, and financial issues.Subtask E of Task 15 is focused on pre-normative international research on BIPV characterisation methods and activity E.3 is dedicated to fire safety of BIPV modules and installations.
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| 9. |
- Chen, T., et al.
(författare)
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An Improved Multimodal Trajectory Prediction Method Based on Deep Inverse Reinforcement Learning
- 2022
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Ingår i: Electronics. - : MDPI. - 2079-9292. ; 11:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the deep learning method has been introduced for vehicle trajectory prediction in the internet of vehicles, since it provides relative accurate prediction results, which is one of the critical links to guarantee security in the distributed mixed-driving scenario. In order to further enhance prediction accuracy by making full utilization of complex traffic scenes, an improved multimodal trajectory prediction method based on deep inverse reinforcement learning is proposed. Firstly, a fused dilated convolution module for better extracting raster features is introduced into the existing multimodal trajectory prediction network backbone. Then, a reward update policy with inferred goals is improved by learning the state rewards of goals and paths separately instead of original complex rewards, which can reduce the requirement for predefined goal states. Furthermore, a correction factor is introduced in the existing trajectory generator module, which can better generate diverse trajectories by penalizing trajectories with little difference. Abundant experiments on the current popular public dataset indicate that the prediction results of our proposed method are a better fit with the basic structure of the given traffic scenario in a long-term prediction range, which verifies the effectiveness of our proposed method. © 2022 by the authors.
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| 10. |
- Jiang, L., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental investigation on BOF slag oxidation in air
- 2019
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Ingår i: Ironmaking & steelmaking. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 0301-9233 .- 1743-2812. ; 46:8, s. 747-754
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag contains a significant amount of iron-containing species, which is considered to be iron resources and therefore need to be recovered. In this work, the oxidation behaviour of BOF slag under air (at selected oxidation temperatures and holding time) was investigated to explore the potential of transforming non-magnetic wustite in the BOF slag into magnetic spinel, which may subsequently be recovered by magnetic separation. The experimental results show that the iron-containing spices in the BOF slag can be oxidised into magnetic spinel phases in the investigated temperature range of 1000–1150°C and thereafter be recovered by magnetic separation. The formation of these phases is closely related to the oxidation temperatures and holding time: a higher oxidation temperature and longer holding time lead to a larger amount of formed magnetic species; however, the amount of formed magnetic species decreases at elevated temperature (>1050°C) and with extended holding time (>40 min).
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