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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Ades, M., et al.
(författare)
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Global Climate : in State of the climate in 2019
- 2020
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Ingår i: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS). - : American Meteorological Society. - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 101:8, s. S17-S127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Deng, Yin, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Zr/(Sc plus Zr) microalloying on dynamic recrystallization, dislocation density and hot workability of Al-Mg alloys during hot compression deformation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. - : ELSEVIER. - 1003-6326 .- 2210-3384. ; 33:3, s. 668-682
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The deformation behavior and microstructure characteristics of Al-6.00Mg, Al-6.00Mg-0.10Zr and Al-6.00Mg-0.25Sc-0.10Zr (wt.%) alloys were investigated by hot compression tests and electron microscopy methods. The results show that after deforming under the maximum processing efficiency condition (673 K, 0.01 s-1), dislocation densities of Al-6.00Mg, Al-6.00Mg-0.10Zr and Al-6.00Mg-0.25Sc-0.10Zr alloys are 2.68x1016, 8.93x1016 and 6.1x1017 m-2, respectively. Their dynamic recrystallization fractions are 19.8%, 15.0% and 12.7%, respectively. Kernel average misorientation (KAM) analyses indicate that dislocation accumulation near grain boundaries is enhanced by adding Zr or Sc+Zr. Besides, the established hot processing maps, based on the dynamic material model (DMM), reveal that the addition of Zr or Sc+Zr can reduce the range of low-temperature unstable domain but expand the unstable domain at high temperatures and high strains. The experimental results further verify that under the testing deformation condition, only the Al-6.00Mg-0.25Sc-0.10Zr alloy cracks at 773 K and 1 s-1.
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| 4. |
- Liu, Li, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiomyocyte-specific Loss of Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) Reproduces the Abnormalities in Lipids Found in Severe Heart Failure
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 289:43, s. 29881-29891
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Total body DGAT1 mice have no cardiac phenotype. Results: Cardiomyocyte DGAT1 knock-out mice have increased mortality and accumulation of potentially toxic lipids, which were corrected by intestinal DGAT1 deletion and GLP-1 receptor agonists. Conclusion: Cardiomyocyte DGAT1 deletion produces heart dysfunction and lipid abnormalities. Significance: Lipotoxicity in the heart can be alleviated by changes in intestinal metabolism. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) catalyzes the final step in triglyceride synthesis, the conversion of diacylglycerol (DAG) to triglyceride. Dgat1(-/-) mice exhibit a number of beneficial metabolic effects including reduced obesity and improved insulin sensitivity and no known cardiac dysfunction. In contrast, failing human hearts have severely reduced DGAT1 expression associated with accumulation of DAGs and ceramides. To test whether DGAT1 loss alone affects heart function, we created cardiomyocyte-specific DGAT1 knock-out (hDgat1(-/-)) mice. hDgat1(-/-) mouse hearts had 95% increased DAG and 85% increased ceramides compared with floxed controls. 50% of these mice died by 9 months of age. The heart failure marker brain natriuretic peptide increased 5-fold in hDgat1(-/-) hearts, and fractional shortening (FS) was reduced. This was associated with increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and cluster of differentiation 36. We crossed hDgat1(-/-) mice with previously described enterocyte-specific Dgat1 knock-out mice (hiDgat1(-/-)). This corrected the early mortality, improved FS, and reduced cardiac ceramide and DAG content. Treatment of hDgat1(-/-) mice with the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist exenatide also improved FS and reduced heart DAG and ceramide content. Increased fatty acid uptake into hDgat1(-/-) hearts was normalized by exenatide. Reduced activation of protein kinase C (PKC), which is increased by DAG and ceramides, paralleled the reductions in these lipids. Our mouse studies show that loss of DGAT1 reproduces the lipid abnormalities seen in severe human heart failure.
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| 5. |
- Xiong, Chao, et al.
(författare)
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Solar Flux Influence on the In-Situ Plasma Density at Topside Ionosphere Measured by Swarm Satellites
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 2169-9380 .- 2169-9402. ; 127:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we perform the first comprehensive comparison of ion density (Ni) in the topside ionosphere measured by the Langmuir probe (LP) and faceplate (FP) of the thermal ion imager on board Swarm satellites. Our results show a systematic difference between the LP and FP derived Ni values, and the systematic difference shows prominent dependences on solar flux, local time, and season. Although both Ni datasets show generally good linear regression with electron density (Ne) measurements from the incoherent scatter radar (ISR) located at Jicamarca, the Ni derived from LP shows an additional dependence on the solar flux, while such a dependence cannot be seen in the FP-derived Ni. We suggest that the solar flux dependence of LP-derived Ni is related to the ion compositions change at Swarm altitude, which has not been properly accounted for in the LP processing algorithm. More light ions (e.g., H+), diffusing down from the plasmasphere to the Swarm altitude, seem to cause the overestimation of Ni from LP during low solar activity. A linear relation between the Swarm LP-derived Ni and ISR Ne is derived, and such a function is recommended to be implemented into further updates of the Swarm LP plasma density data.
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| 6. |
- Zhang, Yuanyuan, et al.
(författare)
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Early-life exposure to PM2.5 constituents and childhood asthma and wheezing : Findings from China, Children, Homes, Health study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Emerging evidence suggests that early-life (in-utero and first-year since birth) exposure to ambient PM2.5 is a risk factor for asthma onset and exacerbation among children, while the hazards caused by PM2.5 compositions remain largely unknown.Objective: To examine potential associations of early-life exposures to PM2.5 mass and its major chemical constituents with childhood asthma and wheezing.Methods: By conducting the Phase II of the China, Children, Homes, Health study, we investigated 30,325 preschool children aged 3-6 years during 2019-2020 in mainland China. Early-life exposure to PM2.5 mass and its constituents (i.e., black carbon [BC], organic matter [OM], nitrate, ammonium, sulfate) were calculated based on monthly estimates at a 1 km x 1 km resolution from satellite-based models. We adopted a novel quantile-based g-computation approach to assess the effect of a mixture of PM2.5 constituents on childhood asthma/wheezing.Results: The average PM2.5 concentrations during in-utero and the first year since birth were 64.7 +/- 10.6 and 61.8 +/- 10.5 mu g/m(3), respectively. Early-life exposures to a mixture of major PM2 center dot 5 constituents were significantly associated with increased risks of asthma and wheezing, while no evident compositions-wheezing associations were found in the first year. Each quintile increases in all five PM2.5 components exposures in utero was accordingly associated with an odds ratio of 1.18 [95% confidence interval: 1.07-1.29] for asthma and 1.08 [1.01-1.16] for wheezing. BC, OM and SO42- contributed more to risks of asthma and wheezing than the other PM2.5 constituents during early life, wherein the effects of BC were only observed during pregnancy. Sex subgroup analyses suggested stronger associations among girls of first-year exposures to PM2.5 components with childhood asthma.Conclusion: Early-life exposures to ambient PM2.5, particularly compositions of BC, OM and SO42-, are associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma.
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