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| 2. |
- Alkerwi, Ala'a, et al.
(författare)
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Adherence to physical activity recommendations and its associated factors: an interregional population-based study.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Public Health Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 2279-9028 .- 2279-9036. ; 4:1, s. 406-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Though the influence of physical activity in preventing cardiovascular diseases is well documented, only a few comparative studies have determined the degree of adherence to physical activity recommendations among populations and identified the demographic, socioeco-nomic, behavioural and health-related factors associated with good compliance.
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| 3. |
- Bäck, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Fatty acid desaturase genetic variations and dietary omega-3 fatty acid intake associate with arterial stiffness
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal Open. - : Oxford University Press. - 2752-4191. ; 2:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) generate diverse bioactive lipid mediators, which tightly regulate vascular inflammation. The effects of omega-3 PUFA supplementation in cardiovascular prevention however remain controversial. In addition to direct dietary intake, fatty acid desaturases (FADS) determine PUFA levels. Increased arterial stiffness represents an independent predictor of mortality and cardiovascular events. The aim of the present study was to determine the association of PUFA intake, FADS1 genotype, and FADS expression with arterial stiffness.METHODS AND RESULTS: A cross-sectional population-based cohort study of 1464 participants without overt cardiovascular disease was conducted. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), and the FADS1 locus variant was determined. Blood cell transcriptomics was performed in a subset of 410 individuals. Pulse wave velocity was significantly associated with the FADS1 locus variant. Differential associations between PWV and omega-3 PUFA intake were observed depending on the FADS1 genotype. High omega-3 PUFA intake attenuated the FADS1 genotype-dependent associations. Carriers of the minor FADS1 locus variant exhibited increased expression of FADS2, which is associated with PWV.CONCLUSION: Taken together, these findings point to FADS1 genotype-dependent associations of omega-3 PUFA intake on subclinical cardiovascular disease. These findings may have implications for identifying responders and non-responders to omega-3 PUFA supplementation and open up for personalized dietary counselling in cardiovascular prevention.
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| 4. |
- Chau, Kénora, et al.
(författare)
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Obesity and metabolic features associated with long-term developing diastolic dysfunction in an initially healthy population-based cohort
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Research in Cardiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1861-0684 .- 1861-0692. ; 107:10, s. 887-896
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is increasingly common. However, its metabolic determinants are poorly known. This study aims to determine which metabolic and inflammatory features predict DD in initially healthy adults. Methods: We prospectively analyzed the association between metabolic features and DD in 728 initially healthy adults aged 30–60 from Eastern France enrolled in the STANISLAS population-based cohort. Clinical and biological cardiovascular features were collected at baseline (1994–1995). DD was assessed twenty years later (2011–2016) by echocardiography using current international guidelines. For replication purposes, 1463 subjects from the Malmö Preventive Project cohort were analyzed. Results: In the STANISLAS cohort, 191 subjects (26.2%) developed DD. In age-sex-adjusted logistic models, significant predictors of DD were body mass index (BMI, odds ratio for 1-standard-deviation increase (OR) 1.28, 95% CI 1.08–1.52), waist circumference (WC, OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.18–1.84), waist-hip ratio (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.16–2.02), systolic blood pressure (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.00–1.43) and triglycerides (TG, OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.00–1.40). Subjects with elevated WC (> 80th percentile) and TG (> 50th percentile) had a twofold higher DD risk (age-sex-adjusted odds ratio 2.00, 95% CI 1.20–3.31, P = 0.008), whereas no such interplay was observed for BMI. In the Malmö cohort, BMI was similarly associated with DD; participants with both elevated BMI and TG were at higher DD risk (age-sex-adjusted odds ratio 1.61, 95% CI 1.18–2.20, P = 0.002). Conclusions: Subjects with elevated WC and TG may have a higher long-term DD risk. Prevention targeting visceral obesity may help reduce the incidence of DD.
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| 5. |
- Dahlström, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Heart Failure Pilot protocol
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 31:18, s. 2184-2186
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- de Gonzalo-Calvo, David, et al.
(författare)
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Improved cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis using machine learning modeling and circulating microribonucleic acids
- 2020
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Ingår i: Theranostics. - : IVYSPRING INT PUBL. - 1838-7640. ; 10:19, s. 8665-8676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: To test whether novel biomarkers, such as microribonucleic acids (miRNAs), and nonstandard predictive models, such as decision tree learning, provide useful information for medical decision-making in patients on hemodialysis (HD). Methods: Samples from patients with end-stage renal disease receiving HD included in the AURORA trial were investigated (n=810). The study included two independent phases: phase I (matched cases and controls, n=410) and phase II (unmatched cases and controls, n=400). The composite endpoint was cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction or nonfatal stroke. miRNA quantification was performed using miRNA sequencing and RT-qPCR. The CART algorithm was used to construct regression tree models. A bagging-based procedure was used for validation. Results: In phase I, miRNA sequencing in a subset of samples (n=20) revealed miR-632 as a candidate (fold change=2.9). miR-632 was associated with the endpoint, even after adjusting for confounding factors (HR from 1.43 to 1.53). These findings were not reproduced in phase II. Regression tree models identified eight patient subgroups with specific risk patterns. miR-186-5p and miR-632 entered the tree by redefining two risk groups: patients older than 64 years and with hsCRP<0.827 mg/L and diabetic patients younger than 64 years. miRNAs improved the discrimination accuracy at the beginning of the follow-up (24 months) compared to the models without miRNAs (integrated AUC [iAUC]=0.71). Conclusions: The circulating miRNA profile complements conventional risk factors to identify specific cardiovascular risk patterns among patients receiving maintenance HD.
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| 7. |
- Elliott, Perry, et al.
(författare)
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Development, validation and implementation of biomarker testing in cardiovascular medicine state-of-the-art : Proceedings of the European Society of Cardiology - Cardiovascular Round Table
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cardiovascular Research. - : Oxford University Press. - 0008-6363 .- 1755-3245. ; 117:5, s. 1248-1256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many biomarkers that could be used to assess ejection fraction, heart failure, or myocardial infarction fail to translate into clinical practice because they lack essential performance characteristics or fail to meet regulatory standards for approval. Despite their potential, new technologies have added to the complexities of successful translation into clinical practice. Biomarker discovery and implementation requires a standardised approach that includes: identification of a clinical need; identification of a valid surrogate biomarker; stepwise assay refinement, demonstration of superiority over current standard-of-care; development and understanding of a clinical pathway; and demonstration of real-world performance. Successful biomarkers should improve efficacy or safety of treatment, while being practical at a realistic cost. Everyone involved in cardiovascular healthcare, including researchers, clinicians, and industry partners, are important stakeholders in facilitating the development and implementation of biomarkers. This paper provides suggestions for a development pathway for new biomarkers, discusses regulatory issues and challenges, and suggestions for accelerating the pathway to improve patient outcomes. Real life examples of successful biomarkers-high sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn), T2* cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, and echocardiography-are used to illustrate the value of a standardised development pathway in the translation of concepts into routine clinical practice.
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| 9. |
- Fellström, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular disease in patients with renal disease: the role of statins.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Current medical research and opinion. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1473-4877 .- 0300-7995. ; 25:1, s. 271-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Atherosclerosis is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a major cause of death. The National Kidney Foundation guidelines favour the use of statin therapy for treatment of dyslipidaemia in patients with CKD. Much evidence supports statin therapy for reducing CVD and improving outcomes in the general population, but there is less evidence in patients with CKD. Consequently, prevention of CVD in CKD is based primarily on extrapolation from non-CKD trials. Significantly, in trials specifically designed to investigate patients with CKD, evidence is emerging for improved cardiovascular outcomes with statin therapy. This review describes available data relating to cardiovascular outcomes and the role of statins in patients with CKD, including pre-dialysis, dialysis, and renal transplant patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The PubMed database was searched (1998-present) to ensure comprehensive identification of publications (including randomised clinical trials) relevant to CKD patients, patterns of cardiovascular outcome in such patients and their relationship to lipid profile, and the role of statins for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular complications. RESULTS: There are conflicting data on the relationship between dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular outcomes, with one major study of statin therapy (4D--Deutsche Diabetes Dialyse Studie) providing equivocal results. Further studies, including AURORA (A study to evaluate the Use of Rosuvastatin in subjects On Regular haemodialysis: an Assessment of survival and cardiovascular events; NCT00240331) in patients receiving haemodialysis, and SHARP (Study of Heart And Renal Protection; NCT00125593) in patients with CKD including those on dialysis, should help to clarify the role of statin therapy in these populations. CONCLUSIONS: More studies are needed to elucidate the role of statins in improving cardiovascular outcomes for CKD patients. It is anticipated that ongoing clinical trials geared towards the optimal prevention and treatment of CVD in patients with CKD will help guide clinicians in the management of CKD.
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| 10. |
- Fellström, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Rosuvastatin on Outcomes in Chronic Haemodialysis Patients : Baseline Data from the AURORA Study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Kidney and Blood Pressure Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-4096 .- 1423-0143. ; 30:5, s. 314-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Aims: AURORA (A study to evaluate the Use of Rosuvastatin in subjects On Regular haemodialysis: an Assessment of survival and cardiovascular events) is the first large-scale international trial to assess the effects of statins on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ESRD on chronic haemodialysis. Preliminary baseline data from the randomised population are presented. Methods: A total of 2,775 patients from 280 centres in 25 countries were randomised into the study. Patients aged 50-80 years on regular chronic haemodialysis for at least 3 months before screening were eligible for inclusion. They were randomised 1:1 to receive either rosuvastatin 10 mg or placebo daily and assessed throughout the study. Results: The mean age at baseline was 64 years. Most patients were male (62%) and 85% were white. The median time since commencing renal replacement was 32 months. Mean total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were 4.53 mmol/l (175 mg/dl) and 2.57 mmol/l (99 mg/dl), respectively. Conclusion: Results from the AURORA trial will impact on the current guidelines and use of statins in this patient population.
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