| 1. |
- Vermeiren, Angelique P. A., et al.
(författare)
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The Association Between APOE epsilon 4 and Alzheimer-type Dementia Among Memory Clinic Patients is Confined to those with a Higher Education. The DESCRIPA Study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 35:2, s. 241-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We assessed the interaction between the APOE epsilon 4 allele and education level in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) among memory clinic patients from the multicenter DESCRIPA study. Subjects (n = 544) were followed for 1 to 5 years. We used Cox's stratified survival modeling, adjusted for age, gender, and center. APOE epsilon 4 predicted the onset of AD-type dementia in middle (HR 3.45 95% CI 1.79-6.65, n = 222) and high (HR 3.67 95% CI 1.36-9.89, n = 139) but not in low educated subjects (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.38-1.72, n = 183). This suggests that mechanisms in developing Alzheimer-type dementia may differ between educational groups that raises questions related to Alzheimer-type dementia prevention.
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| 2. |
- Wu, Xifeng, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variation in the prostate stem cell antigen gene PSCA confers susceptibility to urinary bladder cancer.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nature genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 41:9, s. 991-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted a genome-wide association study on 969 bladder cancer cases and 957 controls from Texas. For fast-track validation, we evaluated 60 SNPs in three additional US populations and validated the top SNP in nine European populations. A missense variant (rs2294008) in the PSCA gene showed consistent association with bladder cancer in US and European populations. Combining all subjects (6,667 cases, 39,590 controls), the overall P-value was 2.14 x 10(-10) and the allelic odds ratio was 1.15 (95% confidence interval 1.10-1.20). rs2294008 alters the start codon and is predicted to cause truncation of nine amino acids from the N-terminal signal sequence of the primary PSCA translation product. In vitro reporter gene assay showed that the variant allele significantly reduced promoter activity. Resequencing of the PSCA genomic region showed that rs2294008 is the only common missense SNP in PSCA. Our data identify rs2294008 as a new bladder cancer susceptibility locus.
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| 3. |
- Al-Zalabani, Abdulmohsen H., et al.
(författare)
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Tea consumption and risk of bladder cancer in the Bladder Cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) Study : Pooled analysis of 12 international cohort studies
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-5614. ; 41:5, s. 1122-1130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aims: Tea has been shown to be associated with reduced risk of several diseases including cardiovascular diseases, stroke, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. However, the results on the relationship between tea consumption and bladder cancer are conflicting. This research aimed to assess the association between tea consumption and risk of bladder cancer using a pooled analysis of prospective cohort data. Methods: Individual data from 532,949 participants in 12 cohort studies, were pooled for analyses. Cox regression models stratified by study centre was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% CIs. Fractional polynomial regression models were used to examine the dose–response relationship. Results: A higher level of tea consumption was associated with lower risk of bladder cancer incidence (compared with no tea consumption: HR = 0.87, 95% C.I. = 0.77–0.98 for low consumption; HR = 0.86, 95% C.I. = 0.77–0.96 for moderate consumption; HR = 0.84, 95% C.I. = 0.75–0.95 for high consumption). When stratified by sex and smoking status, this reduced risk was statistically significant among men and current and former smokers. In addition, dose–response analyses showed a lower bladder cancer risk with increment of 100 ml of tea consumption per day (HR-increment = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.96–0.98). A similar inverse association was found among males, current and former smokers while never smokers and females showed non-significant results, suggesting potential sex-dependent effect. Conclusions: Higher consumption of tea is associated with reduced risk of bladder cancer with potential interaction with sex and smoking status. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms for a protective effect of tea (e.g. inhibition of the survival and proliferation of cancer cells and anti-inflammatory mechanisms) and its interaction with smoking and sex.
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| 4. |
- Boot, Iris W. A., et al.
(författare)
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Dietary B group vitamin intake and the bladder cancer risk : a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Nature. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 61:5, s. 2397-2416
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Diet may play an essential role in the aetiology of bladder cancer (BC). The B group complex vitamins involve diverse biological functions that could be influential in cancer prevention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between various components of the B group vitamin complex and BC risk.Methods: Dietary data were pooled from four cohort studies. Food item intake was converted to daily intakes of B group vitamins and pooled multivariate hazard ratios (HRs), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were obtained using Cox-regression models. Dose–response relationships were examined using a nonparametric test for trend.Results: In total, 2915 BC cases and 530,012 non-cases were included in the analyses. The present study showed an increased BC risk for moderate intake of vitamin B1 (HRB1: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00–1.20). In men, moderate intake of the vitamins B1, B2, energy-related vitamins and high intake of vitamin B1 were associated with an increased BC risk (HR (95% CI): 1.13 (1.02–1.26), 1.14 (1.02–1.26), 1.13 (1.02–1.26; 1.13 (1.02–1.26), respectively). In women, high intake of all vitamins and vitamin combinations, except for the entire complex, showed an inverse association (HR (95% CI): 0.80 (0.67–0.97), 0.83 (0.70–1.00); 0.77 (0.63–0.93), 0.73 (0.61–0.88), 0.82 (0.68–0.99), 0.79 (0.66–0.95), 0.80 (0.66–0.96), 0.74 (0.62–0.89), 0.76 (0.63–0.92), respectively). Dose–response analyses showed an increased BC risk for higher intake of vitamin B1 and B12.Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of future research on the food sources of B group vitamins in the context of the overall and sex-stratified diet.
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| 5. |
- Boot, Iris W.A., et al.
(författare)
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Dietary vitamin D intake and the bladder cancer risk : a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 42:8, s. 1462-1474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aims: Diet may play an essential role in the aetiology of bladder cancer (BC). Vitamin D is involved in various biological functions which have the potential to prevent BC development. Besides, vitamin D also influences the uptake of calcium and phosphorus, thereby possibly indirectly influencing the risk of BC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between vitamin D intake and BC risk.Methods: Individual dietary data were pooled from ten cohort studies. Food item intake was converted to daily intakes of vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus. Pooled multivariate hazard ratios (HRs), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using Cox-regression models. Analyses were adjusted for gender, age and smoking status (Model 1), and additionally for the food groups fruit, vegetables and meat (Model 2). Dose–response relationships (Model 1) were examined using a nonparametric test for trend.Results: In total, 1994 cases and 518,002 non-cases were included in the analyses. The present study showed no significant associations between individual nutrient intake and BC risk. A significant decreased BC risk was observed for high vitamin D intake with moderate calcium and low phosphorus intake (Model 2: HRhigh vitD, mod Ca, low P: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.59–1.00). No significant dose–response analyses were observed.Conclusion: The present study showed a decreased BC risk for high dietary vitamin D intake in combination with low calcium intake and moderate phosphorus intake. The study highlights the importance of examining the effect of a nutrient in combination with complementary nutrients for risk assessment. Future research should focus on nutrients in a wider context and in nutritional patterns.
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| 6. |
- Dianatinasab, Mostafa, et al.
(författare)
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Adherence to a Western dietary pattern and risk of bladder cancer : A pooled analysis of 13 cohort studies of the Bladder Cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants international study
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 147:12, s. 3394-3403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little is known about the association of diet with risk of bladder cancer. This might be due to the fact that the majority of studies have focused on single food items, rather than dietary patterns, which may better capture any influence of diet on bladder cancer risk. We aimed to investigate the association between a measure of Western dietary pattern and bladder cancer risk. Associations between adherence to a Western dietary pattern and risk of developing bladder cancer were assessed by pooling data from 13 prospective cohort studies in the “BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants” (BLEND) study and applying Cox regression analysis. Dietary data from 580 768 study participants, including 3401 incident cases, and 577 367 noncases were analyzed. A direct and significant association was observed between higher adherence to a Western dietary pattern and risk of bladder cancer (hazard ratio (HR) comparing highest with lowest tertile scores: 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.37, 1.72; P-trend =.001). This association was observed for men (HR comparing highest with lowest tertile scores: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.51, 1.96; P-trend =.001), but not women (P-het =.001). Results were consistent with HR above 1.00 after stratification on cancer subtypes (nonmuscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancer). We found evidence that adherence to a Western dietary pattern is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer for men but not women.
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| 7. |
- Dianatinasab, Mostafa, et al.
(författare)
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The association between meat and fish consumption and bladder cancer risk : a pooled analysis of 11 cohort studies
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 36:8, s. 781-792
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence on the effects of meat consumption from different sources on the risk of bladder cancer (BC) is limited and controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the associations between meat consumption and BC risk using a pooled data approach. Individual data from 11 prospective cohorts comprising 2848 BC cases and 515,697 non-cases with a total of 5,498,025 person-years of follow-up was pooled and analysed to investigate the potential associations between total red meat and products, red meat, processed meat, poultry and total fish and BC risk. Hazard ratios (HRs), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were estimated using Cox regression models stratified on cohort. Overall, an increased BC risk was found for high intake of organ meat (HR comparing highest with lowest tertile: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.36, p-trend = 0.03). On the contrary, a marginally inverse association was observed for total fish intake and BC risk among men (HR comparing highest with lowest tertile: 0.79, 95% CI 0.65, 0.97, p-trend = 0.04). No associations were observed for other meat sources. Results of this prospective study suggest that organ meat consumption may be associated with BC development. Replication in large-scale prospective studies and investigation of possible causal mechanisms is needed.
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| 8. |
- Gielen, Marij, et al.
(författare)
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Body mass index is negatively associated with telomere length : A collaborative cross-sectional meta-analysis of 87 observational studies
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9165. ; 108:3, s. 453-475
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Even before the onset of age-related diseases, obesity might be a contributing factor to the cumulative burden of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation throughout the life course. Obesity may therefore contribute to accelerated shortening of telomeres. Consequently, obese persons are more likely to have shorter telomeres, but the association between body mass index (BMI) and leukocyte telomere length (TL) might differ across the life span and between ethnicities and sexes. Objective: A collaborative cross-sectionalmeta-analysis of observational studies was conducted to investigate the associations between BMI and TL across the life span. Design: Eighty-seven distinct study samples were included in the meta-analysis capturing data from 146,114 individuals. Studyspecific age- and sex-adjusted regression coefficients were combined by using a random-effects model in which absolute [base pairs (bp)] and relative telomere to single-copy gene ratio (T/S ratio) TLs were regressed against BMI. Stratified analysis was performed by 3 age categories ("young": 18-60 y; "middle": 61-75 y; and "old": >75 y), sex, and ethnicity. Results: Each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a-3.99 bp (95% CI: -5.17, -2.81 bp) difference in TL in the total pooled sample; among young adults, each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a -7.67 bp (95% CI:-10.03,-5.31 bp) difference. Each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a -1.58 × 10-3 unit T/S ratio (0.16% decrease; 95% CI: -2.14 × 10-3, -1.01 × 10-3) difference in ageand sex-adjusted relative TL in the total pooled sample; among young adults, each unit increase in BMI corresponded to a -2.58 × 10-3 unit T/S ratio (0.26% decrease; 95% CI: -3.92 × 10-3, -1.25 × 10-3). The associations were predominantly for the white pooled population. No sex differences were observed. Conclusions: A higher BMI is associated with shorter telomeres, especially in younger individuals. The presently observed difference is not negligible. Meta-analyses of longitudinal studies evaluating change in body weight alongside change in TL arewarranted.
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| 9. |
- Goossens, Maria E., et al.
(författare)
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International pooled study on diet and bladder cancer : the bladder cancer, epidemiology and nutritional determinants (BLEND) study: design and baseline characteristics
- 2016
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Ingår i: Archives of Public Health. - : BMC. - 0778-7367 .- 2049-3258. ; 74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In 2012, more than 400,000 urinary bladder cancer cases occurred worldwide, making it the 7th most common type of cancer. Although many previous studies focused on the relationship between diet and bladder cancer, the evidence related to specific food items or nutrients that could be involved in the development of bladder cancer remains inconclusive. Dietary components can either be, or be activated into, potential carcinogens through metabolism, or act to prevent carcinogen damage. Methods/design: The BLadder cancer, Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) study was set up with the purpose of collecting individual patient data from observational studies on diet and bladder cancer. In total, data from 11,261 bladder cancer cases and 675,532 non-cases from 18 case-control and 6 cohort studies from all over the world were included with the aim to investigate the association between individual food items, nutrients and dietary patterns and risk of developing bladder cancer. Discussion: The substantial number of cases included in this study will enable us to provide evidence with large statistical power, for dietary recommendations on the prevention of bladder cancer.
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| 10. |
- Kellen, Eliane, et al.
(författare)
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Pooled analysis and meta-analysis of the glutathione S-transferase P1 lle 105Val polymorphism and bladder cancer: A HuGE-GSEC review
- 2007
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 165:11, s. 1221-1230
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The glutathione S-transferase P1 genotype (GSTP1) is involved in the inactivation of cigarette smoke carcinogens, and sequence variation in the gene may alter bladder cancer susceptibility. To examine the association between GSTP1lle 105Val and bladder cancer, the authors undertook a meta- and pooled analysis. Summary crude and adjusted odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were pooled by using a random-effects model. In the meta-analysis (16 studies, 4,273 cases and 5,081 controls), the unadjusted summary odds ratios for GSTP1 lle/Val and Val/Val compared with GSTP1 lle/lle were 1.54 (95% confidence interval: 1.21,1.99; p < 0.001) and 2.17 (95% confidence interval: 1.27, 3.71; p = 0.005). The association appeared to be the strongest in Asian countries. When the analysis was limited to European descendents (nine studies), the summary odds ratio decreased (odds ratio = 1.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.00, 1.52) (Q = 17.50; p = 0.02). All relevant data previously contributed to the International Study on Genetic Susceptibility to Environmental Carcinogens were pooled (eight studies, 1,305 cases and 1,558 controls). The summary odds ratios were similar to the ones from the meta-analysis. Case-only analyses did not detect an interaction between the GSTP1 genotype and smoking status (never/ever). GSTP1 lle 105Val appears to be associated with a modest increase in the risk of bladder cancer.
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