| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Wang, Kui, et al.
(author)
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Efficient electro-demulsification of O/W emulsions and simultaneous oil removal enabled by a multiscale porous biocarbon electrode
- 2024
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In: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 481
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Emulsion wastewater contain substantial amounts of oil and various additives, which pose threats to the environment and human health. Demulsification is a crucial pretreatment stage for wastewater. This study aims to identify a novel electro-demulsification method with high oil removal efficiency and low energy consumption. Modified carbonized birch wood with a unique isotropic multiscale pore structure is used as a self-standing electrode to treat a toluene oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion. The electrode must have a highly porous structure to facilitate efficient water diffusion and oil adsorption. It must also have high electronic conductivity to expedite polarized molecular electrophoresis to realize penetration into the pores and, subsequently, demulsification. Guided by an applied electric field force, polarized O/W droplets are drawn toward the electrode, revealing electrical characteristics distinct from those of polarized organic molecules. This electric field force augments the capture and adhesion of droplets by the electric double layer at the electrode interface. Consequently, adsorbed droplets in close proximity to the electrode rupture due to the combined influence of the electric field force and the electrostatic effects stemming from the electrode's multiscale porous structure. This synergistic action enables demulsification to occur efficiently at low energy consumption levels. This study has revealed that electro-demulsification can effectively treat toluene emulsions stabilized by various surfactants and microemulsion containing toluene. Therefore, this electro-demulsification technology can be further developed for various types of water pollution.
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| 3. |
- Zhang, Lei, et al.
(author)
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Discovery of a radio jet in the Cloverleaf quasar at z = 2.56
- 2023
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In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 524:3, s. 3671-3682
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The fast growth of supermassive black holes and their feedback to the host galaxies play an important role in regulating the evolution of galaxies, especially in the early Universe. However, due to cosmological dimming and the limited angular resolution of most observations, it is difficult to resolve the feedback from the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to their host galaxies. Gravitational lensing, for its magnification, provides a powerful tool to spatially differentiate emission originating from AGN and host galaxy at high-redshifts. Here, we report a discovery of a jet-like radio structure in a strongly lensed starburst quasar, H1413+117 or Cloverleaf at redshift z = 2.56, based on observational data at optical, submillimetre, and radio wavelengths. With both parametric and non-parametric lens models and with reconstructed images in the source plane, we find a well-separated, kpc-scaled, single-sided radio jet located at projected to the north-west of the host galaxy in the source plane. This could indicate the co-existence of feedback from the AGN by both wind and jet in the Cloverleaf quasar.
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| 4. |
- Han, Mengying, et al.
(author)
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ChemHub: a knowledgebase of functional chemicals for synthetic biology studies
- 2021
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In: Bioinformatics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1367-4803 .- 1367-4811 .- 1460-2059. ; 37:22, s. 4275-4276
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The field of synthetic biology lacks a comprehensive knowledgebase for selecting synthetic target molecules according to their functions, economic applications and known biosynthetic pathways. We implemented ChemHub, a knowledgebase containing >90 000 chemicals and their functions, along with related biosynthesis information for these chemicals that was manually extracted from >600 000 published studies by more than 100 people over the past 10 years.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Martin N, et al.
(author)
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A sex pheromone receptor in the Hessian fly Mayetiola destructor (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae)
- 2016
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In: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1662-5102. ; 10:SEP2016
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor Say (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), is a pest of wheat and belongs to a group of gall-inducing herbivores. This species has a unique life history and several ecological features that differentiate it from other Diptera such as Drosophila melanogaster and blood-feeding mosquitoes. These features include a short, non-feeding adult life stage (1–2 days) and the use of a long-range sex pheromone produced and released by adult females. Sex pheromones are detected by members of the odorant receptor (OR) family within the Lepidoptera, but no receptors for similar long-range sex pheromones have been characterized from the Diptera. Previously, 122 OR genes have been annotated from the Hessian fly genome, with many of them showing sex-biased expression in the antennae. Here we have expressed, in HEK293 cells, five MdesORs that display male-biased expression in antennae, and we have identified MdesOR115 as a Hessian fly sex pheromone receptor. MdesOR115 responds primarily to the sex pheromone component (2S,8E,10E)-8,10-tridecadien-2-yl acetate, and secondarily to the corresponding Z,E-isomer. Certain sensory neuron membrane proteins (i.e., SNMP1) are important for responses of pheromone receptors in flies and moths. The Hessian fly genome is unusual in that it encodes six SNMP1 paralogs, of which five are expressed in antennae. We co-expressed each of the five antennal SNMP1 paralogs together with each of the five candidate sex pheromone receptors from the Hessian fly and found that they do not influence the response of MdesOR115, nor do they confer responsiveness in any of the non-responsive ORs to any of the sex pheromone components identified to date in the Hessian fly. Using Western blots, we detected protein expression of MdesOrco, all MdesSNMPs, and all MdesORs except for MdesOR113, potentially explaining the lack of response from this OR. In conclusion, we report the first functional characterization of an OR from the Cecidomyiidae, extending the role of ORs as long-range sex pheromone detectors from the Lepidoptera into the Diptera.
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| 6. |
- Ding, Shaozhen, et al.
(author)
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novoPathFinder: a webserver of designing novel-pathway with integrating GEM-model
- 2020
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In: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 48:W1, s. W477-W487
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To increase the number of value-added chemicals that can be produced by metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, constructing metabolic space with novel reactions/pathways is crucial. However, with the large number of reactions that existed in the metabolic space and complicated metabolisms within hosts, identifying novel pathways linking two molecules or heterologous pathways when engineering a host to produce a target molecule is an arduous task. Hence, we built a user-friendly web server, novoPathFinder, which has several features: (i) enumerate novel pathways between two specified molecules without considering hosts; (ii) construct heterologous pathways with known or putative reactions for producing target molecule within Escherichia coli or yeast without giving precursor; (iii) estimate novel pathways with considering several categories, including enzyme promiscuity, Synthetic Complex Score (SCScore) and LD50 of intermediates, overall stoichiometric conversions, pathway length, theoretical yields and thermodynamic feasibility. According to the results, novoPathFinder is more capable to recover experimentally validated pathways when comparing other rule-based web server tools. Besides, more efficient pathways with novel reactions could also be retrieved for further experimental exploration. novoPathFinder is available at http://design.rxnfinder.org/novopathfinder/.
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| 7. |
- Adyari, Bob, et al.
(author)
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Strong impact of micropollutants on prokaryotic communities at the horizontal but not vertical scales in a subtropical reservoir, China
- 2020
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In: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 721
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Micropollutants have become of great concern, because of their disrupting effects on the structure and function of microbial communities. However, little is known about the relative importance of trace micropollutants on the aquatic prokaryotic communities as compared to the traditional physico-chemical characteristics, especially at different spatial dimensions. Here, we investigated free-living (FL) and particle-associated (PA) prokaryotic communities in a subtropical water reservoir, China, across seasons at horizontal (surface water) and vertical (depth-profile) scales by using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Our results showed that the shared variances of physico-chemicals and micropollutants explained majority of the spatial variations in prokaryotic communities, suggesting a strong joint effect of the two abiotic categories on reservoir prokaryotic communities. Micropollutants appeared to exert strong independent influence on the core sub-communities (i.e., abundant and wide-spread taxa) than on the satellite (i.e., less abundant and narrow-range taxa) counterparts. The pure effect of micropollutants on both core and satellite sub-communities from FL and PA fractions was similar to 1.5 folds greater than that of physico-chemical factors at the horizontal scale, whereas an opposite effect was observed at the vertical scale. Moreover, eight micropollutants including anti-fungal agents, antibiotics, bisphenol analogues, stimulant and UV-filter were identified as the major disrupting compounds with strong associations with core taxa of typical freshwater prokaryotes. Altogether, we concluded that the ecological disrupting effects of micropollutants on prokaryotic communities may vary along horizontal and vertical dimensions in freshwater ecosystems.
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| 8. |
- Zhou, Xin, et al.
(author)
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3D-imaging of selective laser melting defects in a Co-Cr-Mo alloy by synchrotron radiation micro-CT
- 2015
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In: Acta Materialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 98, s. 1-16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Microstructure defects set the mechanical property limits for solid Co-Cr-Mo alloy prepared by selective laser melting (SLM). Previous studies were mainly based on 2D SEM images and thus not able to provide information of the 3D morphologies of the complex defects. In this paper, the remaining porosities in Co-Cr-Mo alloy parts prepared by selective laser melting were presented in relation to the laser processing parameters. In order to understand the defect forming mechanism, accurate 3D images of defects inside SLM fabricated Co-Cr-Mo samples were provided by synchrotron radiation micro-CT imaging of 300 pm thick slices cut from a 10 mm cube. With 3D reconstructed images distinctive morphologies of SLM defects spanning across the consolidated powder layers were generated. The faults can be classified as single layer or multi-layers defects. The accidental single layer defects form as gaps between adjacent laser melt tracks or melt track discontinuousness caused by inherent fluid instability under various disturbances. The first formed single layer defect generates often a multi-layer defect spanning for 2-3 subsequent powder layers. By stabilizing the melt pool flow and by reducing the surface roughness through adjusting processing parameters it appears possible to reduce the defect concentrations.
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| 9. |
- Zhou, Xin, et al.
(author)
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Balling phenomena in selective laser melted tungsten
- 2015
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In: Journal of Materials Processing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-0136 .- 1873-4774. ; 222, s. 33-42
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Selective laser melting (SLM) of pure tungsten was carried out and the relevant consolidation issues were investigated. It was observed that balling of melted droplets at the laser focal points and entrapped cavities hindered the preparation of fully dense parts. An analysis of the balling mechanism reveals that SLM of tungsten is a process where melt spreading and solidification compete with each other and the final result is determined by intrinsic tungsten properties and the set laser processing parameters. Melted tungsten droplets wetted its own solid substrate at a low speed driven by capillary force, but solidified simultaneous at a high speed driven by the existing steep temperature gradient. Melted droplets solidified before spreading completely and kept their globular geometry instead of creating a flat layer. Tungsten bodies reaching a density of 14.8-15.2 g/cm(3) were prepared with an open irregular porosity and surface roughness. With a second laser scanning the balling W droplets were remelted at the building surface resulting in a much smoother appearance with less porosity and indicated a way to further improve relative density, near 16 g/cm(3) (82.9% theoretical density). Oxidation must be avoided, as any oxide contamination enriched preferably around the melt pool edge, changing the surface tension gradient and the thermocapillary convection thereby increasing balling.
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| 10. |
- He, Dandan, et al.
(author)
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Design of a Low Sidelobe Monopulse Array Antenna with Hybrid Feeding Structure
- 2019
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In: 2019 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, ISAP 2019 - Proceedings.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A low sidelobe monopulse array antenna with hybrid feeding structure is proposed. The array consists of four subarrays which employ 6 × 8 microstrip patch elements on the top layer. The feed network, which is hybrid feeding structure, is composed of 1-to-48 microstrip power dividers on the top layer, microstrip to groove gap waveguide transitions and a gap waveguide-based monopulse comparator. The microstrip unequal power dividers are compact to achieve unequal amplitude distribution. And the monopulse comparator based on groove gap waveguide has low insertion loss. Hence, the array antenna achieves low sidelobe and high efficiency. The array antenna is designed with size of 400 × 320 mm2. The simulated VSWR is less than 1.5 from 10.52 - 10.68 GHz, the simulated gain is 28.7 dBi at 10.6 GHz and the sidelobe level is less than -19 dB. The null depth in the difference pattern is less than -35 dB.
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