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- Feng, Junlong, et al.
(författare)
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Two-sided Discrimination in an Entrepreneurial Financing Setting : Experimental and Theoretical Evidence
- 2022
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Ingår i: SSRN Electronic Journal. - : SSRN. - 1556-5068 .- 1556-5068.
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Women's participation rate in the high-growth entrepreneurship has been consistently lower than in other high-skilled jobs for previous decades. This paper aims to explain this unique persistent gender gap in both the US venture capital industry and the US entrepreneurial activities from the point of view of gender discrimination on both sides of a two-sided matching market (i.e., the US entrepreneurial financing market). We invite real US startup founders to evaluate multiple randomly generated venture capitalists' and angel investors' profiles. Despite knowing all investor profiles are hypothetical, startup founders are willing to provide truthful evaluations to receive a data-driven investor recommendation list. This experiment provides the following findings. (i) Male entrepreneurs have implicit gender discrimination against female investors, who are perceived as lower quality and with fewer investment intentions. However, gender discrimination does not exist among female entrepreneurs. (ii) Implicit gender discrimination mainly exists among attractive investors and senior investors, suggesting the existence of a glass ceiling for women in the financial industry. (iii) The magnitude of implicit gender discrimination is stronger when startup founders' internal thresholds are higher, and investors need to compete for great deals. Together with Zhang(2020), this paper completes an experimental system that identifies gender discrimination on both the investor side and startup side in the US entrepreneurial finance system. Built on this experimental evidences, we provide a theoretical framework to explain several novel findings in recent experiments and how this two-sided gender discrimination can lead to a long-lasting low participation rate for women in the US entrepreneurial community
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- Johansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Mixing business with politics : political participation by entrepreneurs in China
- 2013
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We study how Chinese private entrepreneurs benefit from participating in politics. Using original hand-collected data on listed firms controlled by private entrepreneurs, we document a significant positive relationship between political participation and change in firm performance. We also provide evidence that the change in social status cannot explain the change in performance. We then identify several ways through which firms gain preferential treatment when the controlling entrepreneur participates in politics: better access to debt financing, preferential tax treatment, more government subsidies, and superior access to regulated industries.
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- Olson, Nathan D., et al.
(författare)
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precisionFDA Truth Challenge V2: Calling variants from short- and long-reads in difficult-to-map regions
- 2020
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The precisionFDA Truth Challenge V2 aimed to assess the state-of-the-art of variant calling in difficult-to-map regions and the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). Starting with FASTQ files, 20 challenge participants applied their variant calling pipelines and submitted 64 variant callsets for one or more sequencing technologies (~35X Illumina, ~35X PacBio HiFi, and ~50X Oxford Nanopore Technologies). Submissions were evaluated following best practices for benchmarking small variants with the new GIAB benchmark sets and genome stratifications. Challenge submissions included a number of innovative methods for all three technologies, with graph-based and machine-learning methods scoring best for short-read and long-read datasets, respectively. New methods out-performed the 2016 Truth Challenge winners, and new machine-learning approaches combining multiple sequencing technologies performed particularly well. Recent developments in sequencing and variant calling have enabled benchmarking variants in challenging genomic regions, paving the way for the identification of previously unknown clinically relevant variants.
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- Zhang, Feng, et al.
(författare)
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Evolution of streamers in sedimentation of fibre suspensions bounded by vertical walls
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The simulation, based on the Navier-Stokes equations coupled to a transport equation for the PDF of fibres, shows that a series of alternating structures of risers and streamers emerge continuously from the walls until they meet in the middle of the domain. For moderate times, this agrees qualitatively with experimental and theoretical results. Moreover, our simulation in a vessel of infinite height obtained an increasing wavelength evolution due to the congregation of the streamers or risers. In the end, there is constantly only one streamer left, and it drifts randomly to one side of the container until the evolution reaches a steady state. It is also found that the perturbations added to the initial conditions can induce more high density regions which sizes and velocities are strongly linked to the initial perturbations of the number density or the flow field. In addition, the maximum number of streamers increases with Reynolds number, volumefraction and channel width.
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