| 1. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 3. |
- Stanaway, Jeffrey D., et al.
(författare)
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Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - 1474-547X .- 0140-6736. ; 392:10159, s. 1923-1994
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 comparative risk assessment (CRA) is a comprehensive approach to risk factor quantification that offers a useful tool for synthesising evidence on risks and risk-outcome associations. With each annual GBD study, we update the GBD CRA to incorporate improved methods, new risks and risk-outcome pairs, and new data on risk exposure levels and risk- outcome associations. Methods We used the CRA framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or groups of risks from 1990 to 2017. This study included 476 risk-outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk and exposure estimates from 46 749 randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources. We used statistical models to pool data, adjust for bias, and incorporate covariates. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL), we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. We explored the relationship between development and risk exposure by modelling the relationship between the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and risk-weighted exposure prevalence and estimated expected levels of exposure and risk-attributable burden by SDI. Finally, we explored temporal changes in risk-attributable DALYs by decomposing those changes into six main component drivers of change as follows: (1) population growth; (2) changes in population age structures; (3) changes in exposure to environmental and occupational risks; (4) changes in exposure to behavioural risks; (5) changes in exposure to metabolic risks; and (6) changes due to all other factors, approximated as the risk-deleted death and DALY rates, where the risk-deleted rate is the rate that would be observed had we reduced the exposure levels to the TMREL for all risk factors included in GBD 2017.
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| 4. |
- Fan, Qunping, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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A Non-Conjugated Polymer Acceptor for Efficient and Thermally Stable All-Polymer Solar Cells
- 2020
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie - International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 59:45, s. 19835-19840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A non-conjugated polymer acceptor PF1-TS4 was firstly synthesized by embedding a thioalkyl segment in the mainchain, which shows excellent photophysical properties on par with a fully conjugated polymer, with a low optical band gap of 1.58 eV and a high absorption coefficient >105 cm−1, a high LUMO level of −3.89 eV, and suitable crystallinity. Matched with the polymer donor PM6, the PF1-TS4-based all-PSC achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.63 %, which is ≈45 % higher than that of a device based on the small molecule acceptor counterpart IDIC16. Moreover, the PF1-TS4-based all-PSC has good thermal stability with ≈70 % of its initial PCE retained after being stored at 85 °C for 180 h, while the IDIC16-based device only retained ≈50 % of its initial PCE when stored at 85 °C for only 18 h. Our work provides a new strategy to develop efficient polymer acceptor materials by linkage of conjugated units with non-conjugated thioalkyl segments.
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| 5. |
- Liu, Zhigang, et al.
(författare)
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Gut microbiota mediates intermittent-fasting alleviation of diabetes-induced cognitive impairment
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 11:1, s. 855-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cognitive decline is one of the complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Intermittent fasting (IF) is a promising dietary intervention for alleviating T2D symptoms, but its protective effect on diabetes-driven cognitive dysfunction remains elusive. Here, we find that a 28-day IF regimen for diabetic mice improves behavioral impairment via a microbiota-metabolites-brain axis: IF enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism gene expression in hippocampus, re-structures the gut microbiota, and improves microbial metabolites that are related to cognitive function. Moreover, strong connections are observed between IF affected genes, microbiota and metabolites, as assessed by integrative modelling. Removing gut microbiota with antibiotics partly abolishes the neuroprotective effects of IF. Administration of 3-indolepropionic acid, serotonin, short chain fatty acids or tauroursodeoxycholic acid shows a similar effect to IF in terms of improving cognitive function. Together, our study purports the microbiota-metabolites-brain axis as a mechanism that can enable therapeutic strategies against metabolism-implicated cognitive pathophysiologies.
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| 6. |
- Qin, Ning, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Flux regulation through glycolysis and respiration is balanced by inositol pyrophosphates in yeast
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 186:4, s. 748-763.e15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although many prokaryotes have glycolysis alternatives, it's considered as the only energy-generating glucose catabolic pathway in eukaryotes. Here, we managed to create a hybrid-glycolysis yeast. Subsequently, we identified an inositol pyrophosphatase encoded by OCA5 that could regulate glycolysis and respiration by adjusting 5-diphosphoinositol 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate (5-InsP7) levels. 5-InsP7 levels could regulate the expression of genes involved in glycolysis and respiration, representing a global mechanism that could sense ATP levels and regulate central carbon metabolism. The hybrid-glycolysis yeast did not produce ethanol during growth under excess glucose and could produce 2.68 g/L free fatty acids, which is the highest reported production in shake flask of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This study demonstrated the significance of hybrid-glycolysis yeast and determined Oca5 as an inositol pyrophosphatase controlling the balance between glycolysis and respiration, which may shed light on the role of inositol pyrophosphates in regulating eukaryotic metabolism.
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| 7. |
- Yin, Hang, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of heat dissipation characteristics of three-dimensional graphene-carbon nanotube composite structures
- 2020
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Ingår i: 2020 21ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRONIC PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY (ICEPT). - 9781728168265
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the rapid development of electronic materials and technologies, the working frequencies of electronic components and devices have been greatly improved and the volume of electronic products has been shrinking. The integration density has increased significantly, which puts forward higher requirements for thermal management. One of the keys to the heat dissipation of electronic components is to transfer the heat rapidly to the radiator through the heat conducting medium. Therefore, the development of high conductive materials has become a research hotspot of high-density integrated devices and systems. Due to their excellent heat transfer properties, carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotube and graphene have attracted extensive attention. The thermal conductivities of carbon nanotube and graphene have obvious anisotropy, which limited their applications to some extent. In this paper, three-dimensional composite structures composed of graphene sheets and carbon nanotubes are considered. The heat transfer processes are simulated by molecular dynamics method and the heat transfer characteristics of van der Waals interaction and chemical bond structures are analyzed. The effects of heat flow and nanotube layout on the thermal properties of three-dimensional composite structures are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Zhang, Y., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Measurements of Thermal Performances of Carbon Nanomaterial with Vertical Structures in Hotspot Heat Dissipation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology. - 1944-9399 .- 1944-9380. ; 2019-July, s. 370-373
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dramatic progresses in electronics technologies in recent years bring forwards higher requests for quick and valid heat dissipation. Thermal management has become a vital issue in the performance and lifetime reliability of electronic devices and products with high packaging density. Carbon nanomaterials have attracted great attention due to their distinctive structures and excellent properties. In this paper, two kinds of carbon nanomaterials with vertical structures, namely carbon nanowalls and vertically aligned carbon nanofibers, have been prepared and tested to evaluate their heat dissipation performance. Experimental measurements have been carried out to obtain the hotspot temperatures of a test chip with and without the carbon nanomaterials applied. Comparisons of temperature values of the chip at various power loadings show that the utilization of both the carbon nanowalls and the carbon nanofibers can effectively decrease the hotspot temperature. And the heat dissipation improvement is remarkable at a high power density.
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| 9. |
- An, Pengcheng, et al.
(författare)
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EmoWear: Exploring Emotional Teasers for Voice Message Interaction on Smartwatches
- 2024
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Ingår i: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Voice messages, by nature, prevent users from gauging the emotional tone without fully diving into the audio content. This hinders the shared emotional experience at the pre-retrieval stage. Research scarcely explored “Emotional Teasers”-pre-retrieval cues offering a glimpse into an awaiting message's emotional tone without disclosing its content. We introduce EmoWear, a smartwatch voice messaging system enabling users to apply 30 animation teasers on message bubbles to reflect emotions. EmoWear eases senders' choice by prioritizing emotions based on semantic and acoustic processing. EmoWear was evaluated in comparison with a mirroring system using color-coded message bubbles as emotional cues (N=24). Results showed EmoWear significantly enhanced emotional communication experience in both receiving and sending messages. The animated teasers were considered intuitive and valued for diverse expressions. Desirable interaction qualities and practical implications are distilled for future design. We thereby contribute both a novel system and empirical knowledge concerning emotional teasers for voice messaging.
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| 10. |
- Bing, Li, et al.
(författare)
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Massive Connectivity Provision for V2X Based on Low Power IoT Standards
- 2023
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Ingår i: ITEC Asia-Pacific 2023 - 2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, Asia-Pacific.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intelligent vehicles rely on ubiquitous sensing of the environment, where a large number of devices are deployed to collect data needed such that vehicle to everything (V2X) is enabled. To this end, simultaneous massive connectivity is required to render intelligent transportation, which is the main challenge in V2X network. This paper proposed using multiple-input multiple-output non-orthogonal multiple access (MIMO-NOMA) to provide massive connectivity for V2X network, where the access point equipped with Nr antennas to serve K devices simultaneously over a single time-frequency resource block (i.e., wireless channel). This setup leads to the development of MIMO-NOMA based on low power internet of things (IoT) standards such as IEEE 802.15.4 series, which means provision of V2X massive connectivity is easily enabled using off-the-shelf equipment. The analysis and numerical results confirm that the proposed method outperforms existing peers, while supporting a large number of devices.
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