| 1. |
- He, W., et al.
(författare)
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Deep learning-assisted flexible piezoresistive sensor with liquid-phase reduced metal electrodes for fitness movement recognition and correction
- 2024
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 495
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flexibility and wearability in electronic devices gain prominence with the rise of national fitness campaigns. Among them, piezoresistive sensors stand out for their ability to accurately monitor health signals due to their high sensitivity. However, conventional metal nanoparticle ink electrodes face issues like peeling, chemical instability, and substrate limitations. This study introduces a novel method for fabricating high-performance flexible piezoresistive sensors using liquid-phase reduced metal electrodes. Integration of porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates with highly conductive interdigital silver electrodes (1.6 × 10−6 Ω·m) addresses conventional electrode shortcomings, offering permeability, flexibility, and outstanding conductivity. Incorporation of a graphene (GR)/carbon nanotube (CNT)/Ecoflex composite enhances sensor piezoresistive sensing capabilities, with features including high sensitivity (3.57 KPa−1), rapid response time (58 ms/72 ms), and excellent cycle stability (>10000 cycles). The sensor finds utility in various applications, including human physiological signal monitoring, pressure array recognition, and handwriting recognition. Additionally, with deep learning techniques, the system achieves accurate recognition (99.25 %) and correction (98.75 %) of diverse fitness movements, aiming to promote safer exercise practices, enhance training efficiency, and advance intelligent wearable fitness devices.
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| 2. |
- Li, Jiantong, et al.
(författare)
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Ink-jet printed thin-film transistors with carbon nanotube channels shaped in long strips
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 109:8, s. 084915-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present work reports on the development of a class of sophisticated thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on ink-jet printing of pristine single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for the channel formation. The transistors are manufactured on oxidized silicon wafers and flexible plastic substrates at ambient conditions. For this purpose, ink-jet printing techniques are developed with the aim of high-throughput production of SWCNT thin-film channels shaped in long strips. Stable SWCNT inks with proper fluidic characteristics are formulated by polymer addition. The present work unveils, through Monte Carlo simulations and in light of heterogeneous percolation, the underlying physics of the superiority of long-strip channels for SWCNT TFTs. It further predicts the compatibility of such a channel structure with ink-jet printing, taking into account the minimum dimensions achievable by commercially available printers. The printed devices exhibit improved electrical performance and scalability as compared to previously reported ink-jet printed SWCNT TFTs. The present work demonstrates that ink-jet printed SWCNT TFTs of long-strip channels are promising building blocks for flexible electronics.
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| 3. |
- Wang, Weichao, et al.
(författare)
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Remarkably enhanced hybrid piezo/triboelectric nanogenerator via rational modulation of piezoelectric and dielectric properties for self-powered electronics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 116:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hybridization of different materials for energy scavenging techniques based on piezoelectric and triboelectric effects has been studied widely for various applications of nanogenerators. However, there are few reports utilizing the same oxide matrix materials with appropriate doping to simultaneously enhance the piezoelectric and triboelectric outputs. Herein, a hybrid nanogenerator (HG) consisting of a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) and a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was constructed using (Ba0.838Ca0.162)(Ti0.9072Zr0.092)O3 (BCZTO)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a piezoelectric layer and Ba(Ti0.8Zr0.2)O3 (BZTO)/PDMS as a triboelectric layer. For the PENG, how the electrical output was related to the BCZTO ratio in the BCZTO/PDMS composite films was systematically investigated. For the TENG, remarkably enhanced output performance is attributed to the ferroelectric polarization and large permittivity of the BZTO/PDMS. The Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements show that the poled BZTO/PDMS composite film with a 20 wt. % mass ratio of BZTO has the highest surface charge potential, in line with the macroscopic electrical outputs of the TENG. Interestingly, the output performance of the PENG in the HG is significantly enhanced compared to the PENG acting alone, which is also verified by COMSOL simulation. After rectification, the HG can produce a maximum output voltage of 390 V and a current density of 47 mA/m2. This work not only provides a feasible solution to enhance the output performance of the HG but also offers an effective approach to develop a small, portable power source with promising application in self-powered electronics.
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| 4. |
- Huang, Ivy, et al.
(författare)
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High performance dual-electrolyte magnesium-iodine batteries that can harmlessly resorb in the environment or in the body
- 2022
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Ingår i: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 15:10, s. 4095-4108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Batteries represent the dominant means for storing electrical energy, but many battery chemistries create waste streams that are difficult to manage, and most possess toxic components that limit their use in biomedical applications. Batteries constructed from materials capable of complete, harmless resorption into the environment or into living organisms after a desired period of operation bypass these disadvantages. However, previously reported eco/bioresorbable batteries offer low operating voltages and modest energy densities. Here, we introduce a magnesium-iodine chemistry and dual (ionic liquid/aqueous) electrolyte to overcome these limitations, enabling significant improvements in voltage, areal capacity, areal energy, areal power, volumetric energy, and volumetric power densities over any alternative. Systematic studies reveal key materials and design considerations. Demonstrations of this technology include power supplies for cardiac pacemakers, wireless environmental monitors, and thermal sensors/actuators. These results suggest strong potential for applications where commercial battery alternatives pose risks to the environment or the human body.
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| 5. |
- Yang, Dong, et al.
(författare)
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Assignment of Segmented Slots Enabling Reliable Real-Time Transmission in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks
- 2015
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. - 0278-0046 .- 1557-9948. ; 62:6, s. 3966-3977
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs) have the potential to contribute significantly in areas such as cable replacement, mobility, flexibility, and cost reduction. Nevertheless, the industrial environment that the IWSNs operate in is very challenging because of dust, heat, water, electromagnetic interference, and interference from other wireless devices, which make it difficult for current IWSNs to guarantee reliable real-time communication. In this paper, we present a novel method based on the segmented slot assignment, fast slot competition, and free node concept that will improve the reliability and real-time communication significantly so that more advanced applications can be enabled. The main purpose of the algorithms is to improve the retransmission efficiency for time-division-multiple-access-based multihop IWSNs by using limited shared slot resources more efficiently. More importantly, the proposed algorithms support efficient slot rescheduling caused by link or node failure. We evaluate the proposed methods by using simulations and a real implementation targeting monitoring of welder machines. Our obtained results show that the proposed method outperforms the first published and most widely used IWSN standard called WirelessHART.
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| 6. |
- Asem, H., et al.
(författare)
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Functional Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery by Surface Engineering of Polymeric Nanoparticle Post-Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly
- 2021
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Bio Materials. - : American Chemical Society. - 2576-6422. ; 4:1, s. 1045-1056
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engineered polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) have been comprehensively explored as potential platforms for diagnosis and targeted therapy for several diseases including cancer. Herein, we designed functional poly(acrylic acid)-b-poly(butyl acrylate) (PAA-b-PBA) NPs using reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT)-mediated emulsion polymerization via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). The hydrophilic PAA-macroRAFT, forming a stabilizing shell (i.e., corona), was chain-extended using the hydrophobic monomer n-butyl acrylate (n-BA), resulting in stable, monodisperse, and reproducible PAA-b-PBA NPs, typically having a diameter of 130 nm. The surface engineering of the PAA-b-PBA NP post-PISA were explored using a two-step approach. The hydrophilic NP-shell corona was modified with allyl groups under mild conditions, using allylamine in water, which resulted in stable allyl-functional NPs (allyl-NPs) suitable for further bioconjugation. The allyl-NPs were subsequently conjugated with a thiol-functional fluorescent dye (BODIPY-SH) to the allyl groups using "thiol-ene"-click chemistry, to mimic the attachment of a thiol-functional target ligand. The successful attachment of BODIPY-SH to the allyl-NPs was corroborated by UV-vis spectroscopy, showing the characteristic absorbance of the BODIPY-fluorophore at 500 nm. Despite modification of NPs with allyl groups and attachment of BODIPY-SH, the NPs retained their colloidal stability and monodispersity as indicated by DLS. This demonstrates that post-PISA functionalization is a robust method for synthesizing functional NPs. Neither the NPs nor allyl-NPs showed significant cytotoxicity toward RAW264.7 or MCF-7 cell lines, which indicates their desirable safety profile. The cellular uptake of the NPs using J774A cells in vitro was found to be time and concentration dependent. The anti-cancer drug doxorubicin was efficiently (90%) encapsulated into the PAA-b-PBA NPs during NP formation. After a small initial burst release during the first 2 h, a controlled release pattern over 7 days was observed. The present investigation demonstrates a potential method for functionalizing polymeric NP post-PISA to produce carriers designed for targeted drug delivery.
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| 7. |
- Hay, S. I., et al.
(författare)
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Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016 : A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Lancet Publishing Group. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 390:10100, s. 1260-1344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Measurement of changes in health across locations is useful to compare and contrast changing epidemiological patterns against health system performance and identify specific needs for resource allocation in research, policy development, and programme decision making. Using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we drew from two widely used summary measures to monitor such changes in population health: disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and healthy life expectancy (HALE). We used these measures to track trends and benchmark progress compared with expected trends on the basis of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Methods: We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE and DALYs by sex for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016. We calculated DALYs by summing years of life lost and years of life lived with disability for each location, age group, sex, and year. We estimated HALE using age-specific death rates and years of life lived with disability per capita. We explored how DALYs and HALE difered from expected trends when compared with the SDI: the geometric mean of income per person, educational attainment in the population older than age 15 years, and total fertility rate. Findings: The highest globally observed HALE at birth for both women and men was in Singapore, at 75·2 years (95% uncertainty interval 71·9-78·6) for females and 72·0 years (68·8-75·1) for males. The lowest for females was in the Central African Republic (45·6 years [42·0-49·5]) and for males was in Lesotho (41·5 years [39·0-44·0]). From 1990 to 2016, global HALE increased by an average of 6·24 years (5·97-6·48) for both sexes combined. Global HALE increased by 6·04 years (5·74-6·27) for males and 6·49 years (6·08-6·77) for females, whereas HALE at age 65 years increased by 1·78 years (1·61-1·93) for males and 1·96 years (1·69-2·13) for females. Total global DALYs remained largely unchanged from 1990 to 2016 (-2·3% [-5·9 to 0·9]), with decreases in communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) disease DALYs ofset by increased DALYs due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The exemplars, calculated as the fve lowest ratios of observed to expected age-standardised DALY rates in 2016, were Nicaragua, Costa Rica, the Maldives, Peru, and Israel. The leading three causes of DALYs globally were ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and lower respiratory infections, comprising 16·1% of all DALYs. Total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rates due to most CMNN causes decreased from 1990 to 2016. Conversely, the total DALY burden rose for most NCDs; however, age-standardised DALY rates due to NCDs declined globally. Interpretation: At a global level, DALYs and HALE continue to show improvements. At the same time, we observe that many populations are facing growing functional health loss. Rising SDI was associated with increases in cumulative years of life lived with disability and decreases in CMNN DALYs ofset by increased NCD DALYs. Relative compression of morbidity highlights the importance of continued health interventions, which has changed in most locations in pace with the gross domestic product per person, education, and family planning. The analysis of DALYs and HALE and their relationship to SDI represents a robust framework with which to benchmark location-specific health performance. Country-specific drivers of disease burden, particularly for causes with higher-than-expected DALYs, should inform health policies, health system improvement initiatives, targeted prevention eforts, and development assistance for health, including fnancial and research investments for all countries, regardless of their level of sociodemographic development. The presence of countries that substantially outperform others suggests the need for increased scrutiny for proven examples of best practices, which can help to extend gains, whereas the presence of underperforming countries suggests the need for devotion of extra attention to health systems that need more robust support. © The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
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| 8. |
- Liu, B., et al.
(författare)
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Intelligent Traffic-Service Mapping of Network for Advanced Industrial IoT Edge Computing
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems - Proceedings, WFCS. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9798350319347
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing number of IoT devices in the network brings new challenges to the network carrying capacity of intelligent edge computing, and the complicated network services make the demand for network resources in industrial production scenarios or ordinary network users often exceed the carrying capacity of the edge computing network. To alleviate this problem, this paper proposes an intelligent edge computing architecture that introduces network service identification, extracts and analyses the data characteristics of network traffic, and designs appropriate algorithms to classify network traffic into six different service types. This enables real-time and computing-requiring tasks to be prioritised in the network. Using two machine learning algorithms, KNN and MLP, a model validation is carried out on the constructed dataset, and the results show the effectiveness of the method, with the correct rate of data validation reaching 85%, which is more than 5% higher than the correct rate of direct classification of the specified applications, and the accuracy can be as high as 97% in certain scenarios.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Naghavi, Mohsen, et al.
(författare)
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Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - 1474-547X .- 0140-6736. ; 385:9963, s. 117-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Up-to-date evidence on levels and trends for age-sex-specifi c all-cause and cause-specifi c mortality is essential for the formation of global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) we estimated yearly deaths for 188 countries between 1990, and 2013. We used the results to assess whether there is epidemiological convergence across countries. Methods We estimated age-sex-specifi c all-cause mortality using the GBD 2010 methods with some refinements to improve accuracy applied to an updated database of vital registration, survey, and census data. We generally estimated cause of death as in the GBD 2010. Key improvements included the addition of more recent vital registration data for 72 countries, an updated verbal autopsy literature review, two new and detailed data systems for China, and more detail for Mexico, UK, Turkey, and Russia. We improved statistical models for garbage code redistribution. We used six different modelling strategies across the 240 causes; cause of death ensemble modelling (CODEm) was the dominant strategy for causes with sufficient information. Trends for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias were informed by meta-regression of prevalence studies. For pathogen-specifi c causes of diarrhoea and lower respiratory infections we used a counterfactual approach. We computed two measures of convergence (inequality) across countries: the average relative difference across all pairs of countries (Gini coefficient) and the average absolute difference across countries. To summarise broad findings, we used multiple decrement life-tables to decompose probabilities of death from birth to exact age 15 years, from exact age 15 years to exact age 50 years, and from exact age 50 years to exact age 75 years, and life expectancy at birth into major causes. For all quantities reported, we computed 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We constrained cause-specific fractions within each age-sex-country-year group to sum to all-cause mortality based on draws from the uncertainty distributions. Findings Global life expectancy for both sexes increased from 65.3 years (UI 65.0-65.6) in 1990, to 71.5 years (UI 71.0-71.9) in 2013, while the number of deaths increased from 47.5 million (UI 46.8-48.2) to 54.9 million (UI 53.6-56.3) over the same interval. Global progress masked variation by age and sex: for children, average absolute diff erences between countries decreased but relative diff erences increased. For women aged 25-39 years and older than 75 years and for men aged 20-49 years and 65 years and older, both absolute and relative diff erences increased. Decomposition of global and regional life expectancy showed the prominent role of reductions in age-standardised death rates for cardiovascular diseases and cancers in high-income regions, and reductions in child deaths from diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and neonatal causes in low-income regions. HIV/AIDS reduced life expectancy in southern sub-Saharan Africa. For most communicable causes of death both numbers of deaths and age-standardised death rates fell whereas for most non-communicable causes, demographic shifts have increased numbers of deaths but decreased age-standardised death rates. Global deaths from injury increased by 10.7%, from 4.3 million deaths in 1990 to 4.8 million in 2013; but age-standardised rates declined over the same period by 21%. For some causes of more than 100 000 deaths per year in 2013, age-standardised death rates increased between 1990 and 2013, including HIV/AIDS, pancreatic cancer, atrial fibrillation and flutter, drug use disorders, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and sickle-cell anaemias. Diarrhoeal diseases, lower respiratory infections, neonatal causes, and malaria are still in the top five causes of death in children younger than 5 years. The most important pathogens are rotavirus for diarrhoea and pneumococcus for lower respiratory infections. Country-specific probabilities of death over three phases of life were substantially varied between and within regions. Interpretation For most countries, the general pattern of reductions in age-sex specifi c mortality has been associated with a progressive shift towards a larger share of the remaining deaths caused by non-communicable disease and injuries. Assessing epidemiological convergence across countries depends on whether an absolute or relative measure of inequality is used. Nevertheless, age-standardised death rates for seven substantial causes are increasing, suggesting the potential for reversals in some countries. Important gaps exist in the empirical data for cause of death estimates for some countries; for example, no national data for India are available for the past decade.
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