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- Hong Li, Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Low doses of esmolol and phenylephrine act as diuretics during intravenous anesthesia
- 2012
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Ingår i: Critical Care. - : BioMed Central. - 1364-8535 .- 1466-609X. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionThe renal clearance of infused crystalloid fluid is very low during anaesthesia and surgery, but experiments in conscious sheep indicate that the renal fluid clearance might approach a normal rate when the adrenergic balance is modified.MethodsSixty females (mean age, 32 years) undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery were randomized to control group and received only the conventional anesthetic drugs and 20 ml/kg of lactated Ringer's over 30 mins. The others were also given an infusion of 50 μg/kg/min of esmolol (beta1-receptor blocker) or 0.01 μg/kg/min of phenylephrine (alpha1-adrenergic agonist) over 3 hours. The distribution and elimination of infused fluid were studied by volume kinetic analysis based on urinary excretion and blood hemoglobin level.ResultsBoth drugs significantly increased urinary excretion while heart rate and arterial pressure remained largely unaffected. The urine flows during non-surgery were 43, 147, and 176 ml in the control, esmolol, and phenylephrine groups, respectively (medians, P < 0.03). When surgery had started the corresponding values were 34, 65 and 61 ml (P < 0.04). At 3 hours, averages of 9%, 20%, and 25% of the infused volume had been excreted in the three groups (P < 0.01). The kinetic analyses indicated that both treatments slowed down the distribution of fluid from the plasma to the interstitial fluid space, thereby preventing hypovolemia.ConclusionsEsmolol doubled and phenylephrine almost tripled urinary excretion during anesthesia-induced depression of renal fluid clearance.
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| 2. |
- Zhang, Fan, et al.
(författare)
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Proliferative and Survival Effects of PUMA Promote Angiogenesis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : Elsevier (Cell Press). - 2211-1247. ; 2:5, s. 1272-1285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) is known as an essential apoptosis inducer. Here, we report the seemingly paradoxical finding that PUMA is a proangiogenic factor critically required for the proliferation and survival of vascular and microglia cells. Strikingly, Puma deficiency by genetic deletion or small hairpin RNA knockdown inhibited developmental and pathological angiogenesis and reduced microglia numbers in vivo, whereas Puma gene delivery increased angiogenesis and cell survival. Mechanistically, we revealed that PUMA plays a critical role in regulating autophagy by modulating Erk activation and intracellular calcium level. Our findings revealed an unexpected function of PUMA in promoting angiogenesis and warrant more careful investigations into the therapeutic potential of PUMA in treating cancer and degenerative diseases.
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