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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Ahlström Håkan) srt2:(2015-2019)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Ahlström Håkan) > (2015-2019)

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1.
  • Glimelius, Bengt, et al. (författare)
  • U-CAN : a prospective longitudinal collection of biomaterials and clinical information from adult cancer patients in Sweden.
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 57:2, s. 187-194
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Progress in cancer biomarker discovery is dependent on access to high-quality biological materials and high-resolution clinical data from the same cases. To overcome current limitations, a systematic prospective longitudinal sampling of multidisciplinary clinical data, blood and tissue from cancer patients was therefore initiated in 2010 by Uppsala and Umeå Universities and involving their corresponding University Hospitals, which are referral centers for one third of the Swedish population.Material and Methods: Patients with cancer of selected types who are treated at one of the participating hospitals are eligible for inclusion. The healthcare-integrated sampling scheme encompasses clinical data, questionnaires, blood, fresh frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, diagnostic slides and radiology bioimaging data.Results: In this ongoing effort, 12,265 patients with brain tumors, breast cancers, colorectal cancers, gynecological cancers, hematological malignancies, lung cancers, neuroendocrine tumors or prostate cancers have been included until the end of 2016. From the 6914 patients included during the first five years, 98% were sampled for blood at diagnosis, 83% had paraffin-embedded and 58% had fresh frozen tissues collected. For Uppsala County, 55% of all cancer patients were included in the cohort.Conclusions: Close collaboration between participating hospitals and universities enabled prospective, longitudinal biobanking of blood and tissues and collection of multidisciplinary clinical data from cancer patients in the U-CAN cohort. Here, we summarize the first five years of operations, present U-CAN as a highly valuable cohort that will contribute to enhanced cancer research and describe the procedures to access samples and data.
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  • Andersson, Camilla, et al. (författare)
  • Assessment of Whether Patients' Knowledge, Satisfaction, and Experience Regarding Their 18F-Fluoride PET/CT Examination Affects Image Quality
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0091-4916 .- 1535-5675. ; 44:1, s. 21-25
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to investigate patients’ previous knowledge, satisfaction and experience regarding a (18F)-fluoride positron emission tomography / computed tomography examination ((18F)-fluoride PET/CT) and to explore whether experienced discomfort during the examination or pain was associated with reduced image quality. A further aim was to explore whether patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was associated with their satisfaction and experiences of the examination.Methods: Fifty consecutive patients with a histopathological diagnosis of prostate cancer who were scheduled for (18F)-fluoride PET/CT were asked to participate in the study, which was performed between November 2011 and April 2013. A questionnaire was used to collect information regarding the patients’ previous knowledge and experience of the examination. Image quality assessment was performed according to an arbitrary scale. The EORTC-QLQ-C30 and QLQ-PR25 were used to assess HRQoL.Results: Forty-six patients (96%) completed the questionnaires. Twenty-six per cent of participants did not know at all what a (18F)-fluoride PET/CT examination was. The majority (52-70%) were to a very high degree satisfied with the care provided by the nursing staff but less satisfied with the information given prior to the examination. The image quality was similar in patients who were exhausted or claustrophobic during the examination and those who were not. No correlations between HRQoL and the participants’ experience of (18F)-fluoride PET/CT were found.Conclusion: The majority of participants were satisfied with the care provided by the nursing staff, but there is still room for improvement especially regarding the information prior to the examination. Long examination time may be strenuous, for the patient but there was no difference in image quality between patients who felt discomfort during the examination or pain and those who did not.
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  • Andersson, Camilla, et al. (författare)
  • Patient Experience of an 18F-FDG-PET/CT Examination: : Need for Improvements in Patient Care
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Journal of Radiology Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 1546-0843. ; 34:2, s. 100-108
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aims of this study were to investigate the patients' knowledge about and experience of an 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) examination and to investigate the self-reported feelings of stress, level of physical activity, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to find out if this was related to how they experienced the examination. A cross-sectional survey was used to collect information on 198 patients with known or suspected malignancy. As many as 32% to 63% were satisfied with the nursing staff, the communication, and the professional skills. Most patients did not know beforehand what an FDG-PET/CT examination was. The HRQoL, level of perceived stress, and physical activity were relatively low. A better HRQoL, lower level of perceived stress, and a higher level of physical activity were correlated to a more positive experience and higher education to more knowledge about the examination (p < .01–.05). The information before the examination needs to be improved. The results may be used to improve patient care and optimize imaging procedures.
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6.
  • Andersson, Camilla (författare)
  • PET/CT in oncology : Patient experience, image quality and the value of information
  • 2018
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The overall aim was to investigate patients’ experiences with a PET/CT examination, satisfaction with care provided in connection to the examination and whether web-based information can improve satisfaction with care and image quality, compared to standard care. An additional aim was to explore how satisfaction with care and image quality is associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and perceived stress. Methods: Study I and IV included patients with known or suspected malignancy scheduled for an 18F-FDG PET/CT examination. Study II included prostate cancer patients with known or suspected bone metastases scheduled for an 18F-fluoride PET/CT examination, and study III included head and neck cancer patients scheduled for an 18F-FDG PET/CT examination in a fixation mask. Study I and II had cross-sectional designs, study III used a phenomenological methodology according to Max van Manen, and study IV was a randomized controlled trial. Results: Study I and II found that many patients did not know before what a PET/CT examination was but were satisfied with care provided by the nursing staff. In study II the image quality was high and there was no difference in image quality between those patients that experienced pain or discomfort during the PET/CT and those that did not. Study III showed that the patient’s lifeworld was changed during the PET/CT examination and the use of coping strategies helped the patient to endure the examination procedure. In study IV the overall satisfaction, satisfaction single-variables and image quality was high in the intervention group and standard care group. There was no statistically significant difference between patients the intervention group and standard care group. However, there was slightly higher number of detected image quality defects in the standard care group. In study I and IV there were some statistically significant correlations between patient satisfaction and HRQoL (p<0.01-0.05). Conclusion: The results of this thesis may be used to improve patient information and care in connection to PET/CT examinations and thereby help optimize PET/CT imaging procedure. However, the results need to be investigated in larger populations.
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  • Andersson, Camilla, et al. (författare)
  • Randomized Controlled Trial Examining Effects of Web-Based Information on Patient Satisfaction and Image Quality in 18F-FDG PET/CT Examinations
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0091-4916 .- 1535-5675. ; :1, s. 36-46
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Our aim was to compare the effect that having access, versus not having access, to web-based patient information on 18F-FDG PET/CT has on image quality and on patient satisfaction with their care during and knowledge about the examination, as well as to explore whether patients utilized and were satisfied with the web-based information.Methods: We recruited 148 patients between October 2015 and December 2016 and randomly assigned them to a standard-care group or an intervention group. Both groups received standard information about the 18F-FDG PET/CT examination, but the intervention group also received access to web-based information. A questionnaire was used to evaluate patient satisfaction with, knowledge about, and discomfort during the examination, and a masked assessment of image quality was conducted.Results: Overall satisfaction was high in both groups. The lowest satisfaction was with information about how the patients would receive the results of the examination. More patients in the intervention group than in the standard-care group knew how the 18F-FDG PET/CT examination would be conducted. Descriptive data suggest that image quality was slightly better in the intervention group than in the standard-care group, but none of the outcomes significantly differed between the groups. However, several obstacles were encountered during recruitment that led to insufficient power to detect differences. Also, only 54 of 75 patients (72%) in the intervention group utilized the web-based information. However, those who did utilize the information were satisfied with it and found it helpful.Conclusion: The effects of web-based information need to be investigated in a larger sample of patients. Having access to improved information before undergoing 18F-FDG PET/CT may help patients prepare for and undergo the examination. It may also improve image quality. However, this possibility needs to be investigated using image quality as the primary outcome. The results may be used to improve patient information and care and thereby optimize the 18F-FDG PET/CT procedure.
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8.
  • Andersson, Jonathan, et al. (författare)
  • Estimating the cold-induced brown adipose tissue glucose uptake rate measured by 18F-FDG PET using infrared thermography and water-fat separated MRI
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Brown adipose tissue (BAT) expends chemical energy to produce heat, which makes it a potential therapeutic target for combating metabolic dysfunction and overweight/obesity by increasing its metabolic activity. The most well-established method for measuring BAT metabolic activity is glucose uptake rate (GUR) measured using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). However, this is expensive and exposes the subjects to potentially harmful radiation. Cheaper and safer methods are warranted for large-scale or longitudinal studies. Potential alternatives include infrared thermography (IRT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to evaluate and further develop these techniques. Twelve healthy adult subjects were studied. The BAT GUR was measured using 18F-FDG PET during individualized cooling. The temperatures of the supraclavicular fossae and a control region were measured using IRT during a simple cooling protocol. The fat fraction and effective transverse relaxation rate of BAT were measured using MRI without any cooling intervention. Simple and multiple linear regressions were employed to evaluate how well the MRI and IRT measurements could estimate the GUR. Results showed that both IRT and MRI measurements correlated with the GUR. This suggest that these measurements may be suitable for estimating the cold-induced BAT GUR in future studies.
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9.
  • Andersson, Jonathan, et al. (författare)
  • MRI estimates of brown adipose tissue in children - Associations to adiposity, osteocalcin, and thigh muscle volume
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Magnetic Resonance Imaging. - : Elsevier BV. - 0730-725X .- 1873-5894. ; 58, s. 135-142
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Context Brown adipose tissue is of metabolic interest. The tissue is however poorly explored in children. Methods: Sixty-three 7-year old subjects from the Swedish birth-cohort Halland Health and Growth Study were recruited. Care was taken to include both normal weight and overweight children, but the subjects were otherwise healthy. Only children born full term were included. Water-fat separated whole-body MRI scans, anthropometric measurements, and measurements of fasting glucose and levels of energy homeostasis related hormones, including the insulin-sensitizer osteocalcin, were performed. The fat fraction (FF) and effective transverse relaxation time (T-2(star)) of suspected brown adipose tissue in the cervical-supraclavicular-axillary fat depot (sBAT) and the FFs of abdominal visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were measured. Volumes of sBAT, abdominal VAT and SAT, and thigh muscle volumes were measured. Results: The FF in the sBAT depot was lower than in VAT and SAT for all children. In linear correlations including sex and age as explanatory variables, sBAT FF correlated positively with all measures of adiposity (p < 0.01), except for VAT FF and weight, positively with sBAT T-2* (p = 0.036), and negatively with osteocalcin (p = 0.017). When adding measures of adiposity as explanatory variables, sBAT FF also correlated negatively with thigh muscle volume (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Whole-body water-fat MRI of children allows for measurements of sBAT. The FF of sBAT was lower than that of VAT and SAT, indicating presence of BAT. Future studies could confirm whether the observed correlations corresponds to a hormonally active BAT.
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10.
  • Andersson, Jonathan, et al. (författare)
  • Separation of water and fat signal in whole-body gradient echo scans using convolutional neural networks
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0740-3194 .- 1522-2594. ; 82:3, s. 1177-1186
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: To perform and evaluate water–fat signal separation of whole‐body gradient echo scans using convolutional neural networks.Methods: Whole‐body gradient echo scans of 240 subjects, each consisting of 5 bipolar echoes, were used. Reference fat fraction maps were created using a conventional method. Convolutional neural networks, more specifically 2D U‐nets, were trained using 5‐fold cross‐validation with 1 or several echoes as input, using the squared difference between the output and the reference fat fraction maps as the loss function. The outputs of the networks were assessed by the loss function, measured liver fat fractions, and visually. Training was performed using a graphics processing unit (GPU). Inference was performed using the GPU as well as a central processing unit (CPU).Results: The loss curves indicated convergence, and the final loss of the validation data decreased when using more echoes as input. The liver fat fractions could be estimated using only 1 echo, but results were improved by use of more echoes. Visual assessment found the quality of the outputs of the networks to be similar to the reference even when using only 1 echo, with slight improvements when using more echoes. Training a network took at most 28.6 h. Inference time of a whole‐body scan took at most 3.7 s using the GPU and 5.8 min using the CPU.Conclusion: It is possible to perform water–fat signal separation of whole‐body gradient echo scans using convolutional neural networks. Separation was possible using only 1 echo, although using more echoes improved the results.
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