| 31. |
- Romelsjö, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Abstention, alcohol use and risk of myocardial infarction in men and women considering social anchorage and working conditions : the SHEEP case control study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 98:10, s. 1453-1462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Very few studies indicating that low–moderate alcohol consumption protects from myocardial infarction (MI) controlled for social support and working conditions, which could confound the findings. Therefore, a first aim was to study the risk of non-fatal and total MI in relation to volume of alcohol consumption and measures of social support and working conditions. A second aim was to analyse the impact of the volume of earlier alcohol use in abstainers.Design Data came from a case–control study, the Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program (SHEEP), including first MI among Swedish citizens 45–70 years old.Setting Stockholm County 1992–94.Participants There were 1095 cases of MI in men and 471 in women (928 and 372 were non-fatal), and 2339 living controls from the general population.Measurement Information about alcohol use at different periods in life and job strain, social anchorage and life control besides pre-existing health problems, smoking, physical activity, socio-economic status and marital status was obtained by a questionnaire from the cases and the controls.Findings In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the relative risk for MI (especially non-fatal) was reduced among alcohol consumers. RR for non-fatal MI was 0.52 (95% confidence intervals 0.32, 0.85) in men with a consumption of 50–69.9 g 100% ethanol/day and 0.21 (95% confidence interval 0.06, 0.77) in women with a consumption of 30 g or more per day (reference category 0.1–5 g 100% ethanol/day). Men who were abstainers during the previous 1–10 years and with an earlier average consumption of 5–30 g 100% ethanol/day had a significantly lower relative risk compared to such abstainers with an earlier higher consumption. Earlier consumption among abstainers may also have an impact on gender differences in MI. Analyses showed positive interaction between abstention and low life-control in women, but only 4% of the female cases were due to this interaction. There were no other interactions between measures of alcohol use and social anchorage, life control and working situations.Conclusion Alcohol use had a protective impact on MI, with little impact of job strain, social anchorage and life control, giving increased support for a protective impact of low-moderate alcohol use. The level of previous alcohol consumption among male 1–10-year-long abstainers influenced the risk of MI.
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| 32. |
- Romelsjö, A, et al.
(författare)
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Abstention, alcohol use and risk of myocardial infarction in men and women taking account of social support and working conditions : the SHEEP case-control study
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 98:10, s. 1453-1462
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Very few studies indicating that low-moderate alcohol consumption protects from myocardial infarction (MI) controlled for social support and working conditions, which could confound the findings. Therefore, a first aim was to study the risk of non-fatal and total MI in relation to volume of alcohol consumption and measures of social support and working conditions. A second aim was to analyse the impact of the volume of earlier alcohol use in abstainers. Design Data came from a case-control study, the Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program (SHEEP), including first MI among Swedish citizens 45-70 years old. Setting Stockholm County 1992-94. Participants There were 1095 cases of MI in men and 471 in women (928 and 3 72 were non-fatal), and 2339 living controls from the general population. Measurement Information about alcohol use at different periods in life and job strain, social anchorage and life control besides pre-existing health problems, smoking, physical activity, socio-economic status and marital status was obtained by a questionnaire from the cases and the controls. Findings In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the relative risk for MI (especially non-fatal) was reduced among alcohol consumers. RR for non-fatal MI was 0.52 (95% confidence intervals 0.32, 0.85) in men with a consumption of 50-69.9 g 100% ethanol/day and 0.21 (95% confidence interval 0.06, 0.77) in women with a consumption of 30 g or more per day (reference category 0.1-5 g 100% ethanol/day). Men who were abstainers during the previous 1-10 years and with an earlier average consumption of 5-30 g 100% ethanol/day had a significantly lower relative risk compared to such abstainers with an earlier higher consumption. Earlier consumption among abstainers may also have an impact on gender differences in MI. Analyses showed positive interaction between abstention and low life-control in women, but only 4% of the female cases were due to this interaction. There were no other interactions between measures of alcohol use and social anchorage, life control and working situations. Conclusion Alcohol use had a protective impact on MI, with little impact of job strain, social anchorage and life control, giving increased support for a protective impact of low-moderate alcohol use. The level of previous alcohol consumption among male 1-10-year-long abstainers influenced the risk of MI.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Söderberg, L. Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Experiments concerning the origin of streaky structures inside a plane water jet
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Pulp and Paper Science (JPPS). - 0826-6220. ; 26:11, s. 395-400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is believed that the characteristics of a headbox jet are of vital importance for the formation in the final paper sheet. To better understand the physics of free, plane liquid jets, experiments have been made with wafer emanating from two different nozzles: a plane channel flow nozzle where viscous effects are of importance; and a slid nozzle, which closely approximates art inviscid jet. Both types of flow have been visualized and the visualization of the jet emanating from a channel showed that a strong streamwise streaky structure was created inside the jet a distance downstream the nozzle. These streaks do not originate from the nozzle but instead from the break-lip of two-dimensional waves on the jet travelling in the streamwise direction. This streaky structure could not be found at any velocity (<15 m/s) in the jet from the slit nozzle.
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| 37. |
- Theorell, T, et al.
(författare)
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Coping with unfair treatment at work--what is the relationship between coping and hypertension in middle-aged men and Women? An epidemiological study of working men and women in Stockholm (the WOLF study)
- 2000
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Ingår i: Psychotherapy and psychosomatics. - : S. Karger AG. - 0033-3190 .- 1423-0348. ; 69:2, s. 86-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Background:</i> An important hypothesis in psychosomatic medicine is that exposure to psychosocial factors that arouse anger may accelerate the onset of hypertension, particularly if the subject is not allowed to show anger or to deal constructively with the factor that evoked it. For working men and women, being treated in an unfair way at work may be crucial. The present study was designed to answer the question whether the pattern of coping – primarily directed towards the aggressor (open) or directed inwards or towards others (covert) – is associated with hypertension among working men and women. <i>Study group:</i> Five thousand seven hundred and twenty working men and women aged 15–64 participated in the study. The participation rate was 76%. <i>Methods:</i> The coping pattern was studied by means of a Swedish version of a self-administered questionnaire that was originally introduced by Harburg et al. <i>Results:</i> Significant results were confined to the age group 45–54. All analyses were adjusted for age and body mass index. Smoking habits and social class had no effect on the relationships. Low scores (lowest quartile) for open coping tended to be associated with an elevated prevalence ratio (PR) of hypertension both among men (PR 1.3, 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.9–1.7) and women (PR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0–2.0). High scores for covert coping (highest quartile) were associated with an elevated PR of hypertension among men (PR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.2) but not in women. If the analysis was confined to cases without medication, the relationship between a high level of covert coping and high blood pressure was still significant for men. For women, however, no significant findings were made after this operation. Accordingly, the relationship between a low level of open coping and hypertension in women was confined to women with medication. Coping patterns were correlated with psychosocial work environment factors, in particular decision latitude. <i>Conclusion:</i> In men, covert coping was associated with prevalence of hypertension. In women, there tended to be a relationship between low scores for open coping and hypertension.
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