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- Andreasson, Håkan, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Existence of axially symmetric static solutions of the Einstein-Vlasov system
- 2011
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Ingår i: Commun. Math. Phys.. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0010-3616 .- 1432-0916. ; 308, s. 23-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We prove the existence of static, asymptotically flat non-vacuum spacetimes with axial symmetry where the matter is modeled as a collisionless gas. The axially symmetric solutions of the resulting Einstein-Vlasov system are obtained via the implicit function theorem by perturbing off a suitable spherically symmetric steady state of the Vlasov-Poisson system.
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| 3. |
- Andreasson, Håkan, 1966
(författare)
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The Einstein-Vlasov system/Kinetic theory
- 2011
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Ingår i: Living Reviews in Relativity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-8351 .- 2367-3613. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main purpose of this article is to provide a guide to theorems on global properties of solutions to the Einstein-Vlasov system. This system couples Einstein’s equations to a kinetic matter model. Kinetic theory has been an important field of research during several decades in which the main focus has been on non-relativistic and special relativistic physics, i.e., to model the dynamics of neutral gases, plasmas, and Newtonian self-gravitating systems. In 1990, Rendall and Rein initiated a mathematical study of the Einstein-Vlasov system. Since then many theorems on global properties of solutions to this system have been established. This paper gives introductions to kinetic theory in non-curved spacetimes and then the Einstein–Vlasov system is introduced. We believe that a good understanding of kinetic theory in non-curved spacetimes is fundamental to a good comprehension of kinetic theory in general relativity.
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| 4. |
- Andreasson, Håkan, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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The formation of black holes in spherically symmetric gravitational collapse
- 2011
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Ingår i: MATHEMATISCHE ANNALEN. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0025-5831 .- 1432-1807. ; 350:3, s. 683-705
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider the spherically symmetric, asymptotically flat Einstein-Vlasov system. We find explicit conditions on the initial data, with ADM mass M, such that the resulting spacetime has the following properties: there is a family of radially outgoing null geodesics where the area radius r along each geodesic is bounded by 2M, the timelike lines r=c [0,2M] are incomplete, and for r > 2M the metric converges asymptotically to the Schwarzschild metric with mass M. The initial data that we construct guarantee the formation of a black hole in the evolution. We give examples of such initial data with the additional property that the solutions exist for all r ≥ 0 and all Schwarzschild time, i. e., we obtain global existence in Schwarzschild coordinates in situations where the initial data are not small. Some of our results are also established for the Einstein equations coupled to a general matter model characterized by conditions on the matter quantities.
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| 5. |
- Cashin, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Appendiceal Adenocarcinoids with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Treated with Cytoreductive Surgery and Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy : a retrospective study of in vitro drug sensitivity and survival
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinical Colorectal Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 1533-0028 .- 1938-0674. ; 10:2, s. 108-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present results on cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) of appendiceal adenocarcinoid (MC) with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC), to assess drug sensitivity of AAC, as compared with colorectal cancer (CRC), and to report any discordant histopathology. Methods: Ten patients were treated with CRS and HIPEC. Treatment, drug sensitivity profiles, histopathology, and survival data were recorded and matched with potential prognostic indicators. Drug sensitivity was assessed with short-term fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay and compared with peritoneal metastases from CRC. Results: Patients with completeness of cytoreduction score (CC) 1 (16.4 months). In the CC 1 group. For standard drugs, tumor cells from MC and CRC were equally sensitive; except for docetaxel, to which MC was more sensitive than CRC. Conclusion: The CC-score correlated with overall survival. Candidates for this type of treatment should be referred early for evaluation in order to reach a better CC score. Drugs used for CRC also seem adequate for treatment of MC, although other drugs, eg, docetaxel, might be more active.
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| 7. |
- Morén, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Endovascular Coiling of the Ophthalmic Artery in Pigs to Induce Retinal Ischemia
- 2011
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Ingår i: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. - : Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). - 1552-5783. ; 52:7, s. 4880-4885
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE. The authors recently showed that the retinal circulation can be accessed by transfemoral endovascular catheterization. The purpose of this study was to examine whether endovascular coiling can be used to induce different degrees of ischemic injury. The possibility of creating occlusions at different sites in the vasculature to cause retinal ischemia with different degrees of severity was investigated. METHODS. The ophthalmic artery was catheterized through the external carotid system using a fluoroscopy-monitored, transfemoral, endovascular approach in 12 pigs (mean weight, 70 kg). The effects were evaluated using angiography and multifocal electroretinography. RESULTS. Occlusion of arteries supplying the retina was established using endovascular coiling. Coiling in the proximal part of the ophthalmic artery caused no or little ischemia, presumably because of collateral blood supply. Coiling in the distal part of the ophthalmic artery, over the branching of the main ciliary artery, caused more severe retinal ischemia. Multifocal electroretinography recordings, which reflect retinal function in an area close to the visual streak, showed decreased amplitudes and increased implicit times after distal occlusion, but not after proximal occlusion of the ophthalmic artery. The responses were similar 1 hour and 72 hours after coiling, indicating that a permanent ischemic injury was established. CONCLUSIONS. The porcine ophthalmic artery can be occluded using an endovascular coiling technique. This provides an experimental animal model of retinal ischemia in which occlusion at different sites of the vasculature produces different degrees of severity of the ischemic damage. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:4880-4885) DOI:10.1167/iovs.11-7628
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