| 1. |
- Aasa, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Normalisation of muscle strength for body size : The role of the function assessed
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Human Movement Studies. - 0306-7297. ; 46:2, s. 105-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of body size has often been neglected in routine tests of muscle strength and movement performance. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that different types of functional movement performance require different normalisations in order to assess muscle strength. Twenty-one right-handed male university students were tested on the following functional movement tasks: vertical jump, standing soccer ball kick, seated medicine ball throw and standing maximal isometric lift. Isokinetic strength of active muscle \, groups was also recorded. The performance of the vertical jump and standing s9ccer ball kick demonstrated stronger relationship with the strength of active muscles normalised for body size, while the performance of the s~ated medicine ball throw and standing maximal Iisometric lift demonstrated stronger relationship with the non- normalised strength. It was concluded that the ability of performing functional movements based on overcoming gravitational and/or inertial resistance of subject's own body (such as keeping certain body postures, or various body movements) should be assessed by the tested muscle strength normalised for body size, while the functional performance based on muscle action performed against external objects (e.g. manual material handling, or lifting heavy objects) should be assessed by the non-normalised muscle strength. The obtained f"mdings proved to be in line with our recently proposed classification of muscle strength and functional movement tests based on the role of body size in the re~orded performance.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Barnekow-Bergkvist, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of development of fatigue during a simulated ambulance work task from physical performance tests.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 47:11, s. 1238-1250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were (1) to identify which physical performance tests could best explain the development of fatigue during a simulated ambulance work task, (2) to investigate the effect of height and weight and (3) to investigate in what respects these findings differ between female and male ambulance personnel. Forty-eight male and 17 female ambulance personnel completed a test battery assessing cardio-respiratory capacity, muscular strength and endurance, and co-ordination. The subjects also completed a simulated ambulance work task -- carrying a loaded stretcher. The work task was evaluated by development of fatigue. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were used to investigate to what extent the tests in the test battery were able to explain the variance of developed fatigue. The explained variance was higher for female than for male ambulance personnel (time > 70% of HRpeak: R2 = 0.75 vs 0.10, accumulated lactate: R2 = 0.62 vs 0.42, perceived exertion: R2 = 0.75 vs 0.10). Significant predictors in the models were VO2max, isometric back endurance, one-leg rising, isokinetic knee flexion and shoulder extension strength. Height, but not weight, could further explain the variance. The high physical strain during carrying the loaded stretcher implies the importance of investigating whether improved performance, matching the occupational demands, could decrease the development of fatigue during strenuous tasks.
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| 4. |
- Hassler, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer risk in the reindeer breeding Saami population of Sweden, 1961–1997
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 17, s. 969-976
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Saami people are the natives of northern Scandinavia and the Kola Peninsula. In a cohort of 2033 Swedish reindeer breeding Saamis, the cancer risks between 1961 and 1997 were studied. Intotal, 193 cases of cancer were observed versus 322 expected in the general Swedish population and 249 in a geographically matched reference population of non-Saamis. In comparison to non-Saamis living in the same area, the reindeer breeding Saamis showed astatistically significant lower risk of developing cancerofthe prostate and of malignant lymphoma, whereas the risk of stomach cancer was significantly higher. Although there were no statistically significant changes ofcancer risks over time, temporal trends were indicated towards a decreased risk of cancer in the stomach and the prostate. The results suggest that the explanations ofthe low cancer risk ofthe reindeer breeding Saamis, in relation to the non-Saamis in the same environment, are to be found among lifestyle and/or genetic factors
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| 5. |
- Holmström, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Job Stress Survey and self-reported health : Evaluating survey stability through repeated measurements in metal-industry workplaces
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings from 36th Annual Conference of the Nordic Ergonomics Society. (NES).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Level of stress and muskuloskeletal complaints was studied in t wo metal- industry workplaces. Measurements were obtained twice with a 6-month inteIVa!. Level of stress was measured by the Job Stress Survey (Spieiberger & Vagg, 1999). Level of muskuloskeletal complaints was measured by 5-point rating scales. Results showed that the JSS sca!e values, as weil as the muskuloskeletal ratings, were quite stable over the six-month inteIVal. The three JSS scales showed high reliability. The two factories differed with respect to the patteffi of scale values, but these patteros remained over the six months, suggesting that the JSS instrument reflects major stress structures in the factory , rather than occasional changes in production.
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| 6. |
- Holmström, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Job Stress Survey and self-reported health : Repeated measurements in metal-industry
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings from 36th Annual Conference of the Nordic Ergonomics Society. (NES).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Occupational stress and muskuloskeletal complaints was studied in t wo metal-industry workplaces. Measurements were obtained twice with a 6-month interval. Occupational stress was measured by the lob Stress Survey (SpieIberger & Vagg, 1999) and muskuloskeletal complaints was measured by 5-point rating scales. Results showed that the lSS scale values, as weIl as the musculoskeletal pain ratings, were quite stable over the six-month interval. The three lSS scales showed high reliability. The t wo factories differed with respect to the pattern of scale values, but the se patterns remained over the six months, suggesting that the lSS instrument reflects major stress structures in the factory , rather than occasional changes in production.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Nakata, Minori, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of workload in ambulance personnel - A preliminary study
- 2002
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Ingår i: Humans in a Complex Environment. - 9173734438
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Musculotendinous tenderness was evaluated in ambulance personnel, and their working load was studied by means of biomechanical analysis of the standard loading and unloading the `stretcher+patient' in and from the vehicle. Swedish and Japanese subjects were tested. The medical examination demonstrated increased tenderness of selected muscles active in work related movement tasks, as well as in spinous processes in both populations. However, a number ofparticular tests suggested higher Ievel of tenderness in the Swedish, as compared with the Japanese personnel. Biomechanical analysis of working tasks demonstrated similar forces, but higher LS-SI, hip and shoulder torques acting in Swedish personnel. This difference appears to be caused by the differences in stretcher construction. Specifically, the Swedish stretcher requires separate lifting of each stretcher side starting from a squat body position, while the Japanese system requires only pushing the stretcher in and pulling it out from the vehicle. We conclude that differences in working technique imposed by available working equipment could contribute to the observed differences in muscle tenderness especially around the shoulders between the two tested populations. However, further studies are needed to elaborate working load and muscle activity while performing standard tasks of ambulance personnel, as well as to explore other possible causes of increased musculotendinous tenderness. Keywords: Ambulance, Muculoskeletal disorders, Muscle tenderness, Spinous process, Biomechanical analyses
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| 9. |
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