| 1. |
- Abt, I, et al.
(författare)
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Inclusive V-0 production cross sections from 920 GeV fixed target proton-nucleus collisions
- 2003
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 29:2, s. 181-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inclusive differential cross sections dsigma(pA)/dx(F) and dsigma(pA)/dp(t)(2) for the production of K-S(0), Lambda, and (&ULambda;) over bar particles are measured at HERA in proton-induced reactions on C, Al, Ti, and W targets. The incident beam energy is 920 GeV, corresponding to roots = 41.6 GeV in the proton-nucleon system. The ratios of differential cross sections dsigma(pA)(K-S(0))/dsigma(pA)(Lambda) and dsigma(pA)((&ULambda;) over bar)/dsigma(pA) (Lambda) are measured to be 6.2 +/- 0.5 and 0.66 +/- 0.07, respectively, for x(F) approximate to -0.06. No significant dependence upon the target material is observed. Within errors, the slopes of the transverse momentum distributions da,Ald t also show no significant dependence upon the target material. The dependence of the extrapolated total cross sections sigma(pA) on the atomic mass A of the target material is discussed, and the deduced cross sections per nucleon sigma(pN) are compared with results obtained at other energies.
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| 2. |
- Abt, I, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the b(b)over-bar production cross section in 920 GeV fixed-target proton-nucleus collisions
- 2003
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 26:3, s. 345-355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the HERA-B detector, the b (b) over bar production cross section has been measured in 920 GeV proton collisions on carbon and titanium targets. The b (b) over bar production was tagged via inclusive bottom quark decays into J/psi by exploiting the longitudinal separation of J/psi --> l(+)l(-) decay vertices from the primary proton-nucleus interaction. Both e(+)e(-) and mu(+)mu(-) channels have been reconstructed and the combined analysis yields the cross section sigma(b (b) over bar) = 32(-12)(+14)(stat) (+6)(-7)(sys) nb/nucleon.
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| 3. |
- Adler, SS, et al.
(författare)
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Double helicity asymmetry in inclusive midrapidity pi(0) production for polarized p+p collisions at root s=200 GeV
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 93:20: 202002
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a measurement of the double longitudinal spin asymmetry in inclusive pi(0) production in polarized proton-proton collisions at roots=200 GeV. The data were taken at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider with average beam polarizations of 0.27. The measurements are the first in a program to study the longitudinal spin structure of the proton, using strongly interacting probes, at collider energies. The asymmetry is presented for transverse momenta 1-5 GeV/c at midrapidity, where next-to-leading-order perturbative quantum chromodynamic (NLO pQCD) calculations well describe the unpolarized cross section. The observed asymmetry is small and is compared to a NLO pQCD calculation with a range of polarized gluon distributions.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bauer, H C, et al.
(författare)
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The Scandinavian Sarcoma Group Register 1986-2001.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica. Supplementum. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0300-8827 .- 0001-6470. ; 75:Supplement 311, s. 8-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Bauer, Hjärtcentrum, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring referral and treatment in soft tissue sarcoma : Study based on 1,851 patients from the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group Register
- 2001
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 72:2, s. 150-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report is based on 1.851 adult patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the extremities or trunk wall diagnosed between 1986 and 1997 and reported from all tertiary referral centers in Norway and Sweden. The median age at diagnosis was 65 years and the male-to-female ratio was 1.1:1. One third of the tumors were subcutaneous, one third deep, intramuscular and one third deep, extramuscular. The median size was 7 (1-35) cm and 75% were high grade (III-IV). Metastases at presentation were diagnosed in 8% of the patients. Two thirds of STS patients were referred before surgery and the referral practices have improved during the study. The preoperative morphologic diagnosis was made with fine-needle aspiration cytology in 81%, core-needle biopsy in 9% and incisional biopsy in 10%. The frequency of amputations has decreased from 15% in 1986-88 to 9% in 1995-1997. A wide surgical margin was achieved in 77% of subcutaneous and 60% of deep-seated lesions. Overall, 24% of operated STS patients had adjuvant radiotherapy. The use of such therapy at sarcoma centers increased from 20% 1986-88 to 30% in 1995-97. Follow-up has been reported in 96% of the patients. The cumulative local recurrence rate was 0.20 at 5 years and 0.24 at 10 years. The 5-year metastasis-free survival rate was 0.70.
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| 7. |
- Schulze-Bauer, C. A. J., et al.
(författare)
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Passive biaxial mechanical response of aged human iliac arteries
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. - : ASME International. - 0148-0731 .- 1528-8951. ; 125:3, s. 395-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflation and extension tests of arteries are essential for the understanding of arterial wall mechanics. Data for such tests of human arteries are rare. At autopsy we harvested 10 non-diseased external iliac arteries of aged subjects (52-87 yrs). Structural homogeneity was ensured by means of ultrasound imaging, and anamneses of patients were recorded. We measured the axial in situ stretches, load-free geometries and opening angles. Passive biaxial mechanical responses of preconditioned cylindrical specimens were studied in 37degreesC calcium-free Tyrode solution under quasistatic loading conditions. Specimens were subjected to pressure cycles varying from 0 to 33.3 kPa (250mmHg) at nine fixed axial loads, varying from 0 to 9.90N. For the description of the load-deformation behavior we employed five two-dimensional orthotropic strain-energy functions frequently used in arterial wall mechanics. The associated constitutive models were compared in regard to their ability of representing the experimental data. Histology showed that the arteries were of the muscular type. In contrast to animal arteries they exhibited intimal layers of considerable thickness. The average ratio of wall thickness to outer diameter was 7.7, which is much less than observed for common animal arteries. We found a clear correlation between age and the axial in situ stretch lambda(is) (r = -0.72, P = 0.03), and between age and distensibility of sped. mens, i.e. aged specimens are less distensible. Axial in situ stretches were clearly smaller (1.07+/-0.09, mean+/-SD) than in animal arteries. For one specimen lambda(is) was even smaller than 1.0, i.e. the vessel elongated axially upon excision. The nonlinear and anisotropic load-deformation behavior showed small hystereses. For the majority of specimens we observed axial stretches smaller than 1.3 and circumferential stretches smaller than 1.1 for the investigated loading range. Data from in situ inflation tests showed a significant increase of the axial stretch with intraluminal pressure. Thus, for this type of artery the axial in situ stretch of a non-pressurized vessel is not representative of the axial in vivo stretch. None of the constitutive models were able to represent the deformation behavior of the entire loading range. For the physiological loading range, however some of the models achieved good agreement with the experimental data.
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| 8. |
- Trovik, CS, et al.
(författare)
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Local recurrence of deep-seated, high-grade, soft tissue sarcoma : 459 Patients from the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group Register
- 2001
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 72:2, s. 160-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was based on 459 adult patients with deep, high-grade, soft tissue sarcoma of extremities or trunk wall reported to the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group Register (1986-1993). All patients had their definitive surgery for primary tumor at a sarcoma center. The median follow-up was 7.5 (3-12) years. 204 patients are still alive. 68 patients had amputations and 391 underwent limb-sparing surgery. Among 183 patients with intralesional or marginal margins after limb-sparing surgery, 65% had postoperative radiotherapy and 9% of the 198 patients with wide margins. The local recurrence rate after limb-sparing surgery was 26%. The rate with an intralesional or marginal margin was 39% without postoperative radiotherapy versus 24% when radiotherapy was given. It was 25% after a wide margin, and no recurrences were noted among the 10 patients with a compartmental surgical margin. Among patients with a wide margin, a subset fulfilling criteria for a myectomy was defined. The local recurrence rate was 26% among these 62 and there was no advantage of myectomy over other wide margins. More radical surgical margins would improve the local recurrence rate, but this can hardly be achieved in center-operated patients without increasing the amputation rate. Instead, increased use of radiotherapy in all patients with inadequate margins, and to a larger extent in those with wide margins will improve local control.
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| 9. |
- Bauer, C., et al.
(författare)
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Electron injection and recombination in Ru(dcbpy)(2)(NCS)(2) sensitized nanostructured ZnO
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1089-5647 .- 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 105:24, s. 5585-5588
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dynamics of electron-transfer processes between bis(tetrabutylammonium) cis-bis(thiocyanato)bis(2,2'-bypiridine-4,4'-dicarboxylato)ruthenium(II) (called N719) and nanostructured ZnO films have been investigated by femtosecond and nanosecond spectroscopy. The incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) for these dye-sensitized electrodes was 36% in the maximum of 530 nm, corresponding to a quantum efficiency of 80%. The highest: IPCE values were obtained when the electrodes were prepared under conditions where formation of dye aggregates in the pores of the nanostructured films is avoided. For such films, the electron injection time was in the subpicosecond regime (< 300 fs), which is comparable to the N719-TiO2 system. The back electron-transfer kinetics between conduction band electrons and oxidized dye molecules were biexponential with time constants of 300 mus and 2.6 us. Variation of the light intensity did not affect the time constants, but only their relative weights. The kinetics of back electron transfer in the N719-ZnO and N719-TiO2 systems were found to be identical.
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| 10. |
- Bauer, C., et al.
(författare)
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Interfacial electron-transfer dynamics in Ru(tcterpy)(NCS)(3)-sensitized TiO2 nanocrystalline solar cells
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 106:49, s. 12693-12704
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The anchoring of the ruthenium dye {(C4H9)(4)N}[Ru(Htcterpy)(NCS)(3)] (with tcterpy = 4,4',4-tricarboxy2,2':6',2-terpyridine), the so-called black dye, onto nanocrystalline TiO2 films has been characterized by UV-vis and FT-IR spectroscopies. FT-IR spectroscopy data suggest that dye molecules are bound to the surface by a bidentate binuclear coordination mode. The interfacial electron-transfer (ET) dynamics has been investigated by femtosecond pump-probe transient absorption spectroscopy and nanosecond laser flash photolysis. The electron-injection process from the dye excited state into the TiO2 conduction band is biexponential with a fast component (200 +/- 50 fs) and a slow component (20 ps). These two components can be attributed to the electron injection from the initially formed and the relaxed dye excited states, respectively. Nanosecond kinetic data suggest the existence of two distinguishable regimes (I and II) for the rates of reactions between injected electrons and oxidized dye molecules or oxidized redox species (D+ or I-2(.-)). The frontier between these two regimes is defined by the number of injected electrons per particle (Ne), which was determined to be about 1. The present kinetic study was undertaken within regime I (N-e > 1). Under these conditions, the back-electron-transfer kinetics is comparable to that in systems with other ruthenium complexes adsorbed onto TiO2. The reduction of oxidized dye molecules by iodide results in the formation of I-2(.-) on a very fast time scale (<20 ns). Within regime 1, the decay of I-2(.-) occurs in similar to100 ns via reaction with injected electrons (I-2(.-) + e(-) --> 2I(-)). In regime II (N-e less than or equal to 1), which corresponds to the normal operating conditions of dye-sensitized solar cells, the decay of I-2(.-) is very slow and likely occurs via the dismutation reaction (2I(2)(.-) --> I- + I-3(-)). Our results predict that, under high light intensity (N-e > 1), the quantum efficiency losses in dye-sensitized solar cells will be important because of the dramatic acceleration of the reaction between I-2(.-) and injected electrons. Mechanisms for the ET reactions involving injected electrons are proposed. The relevance of the present kinetic studies for dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cells is discussed.
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