| 1. |
- Kivioja, Aarne H., et al.
(författare)
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Cement is recommended in intralesional surgery of giant cell tumors : a Scandinavian Sarcoma Group study of 294 patients followed for a median time of 5 years
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1745-3674 .- 1745-3682. ; 79:1, s. 86-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Giant cell tumors of bone rarely metastasize but often recur locally after surgery. There is limited knowledge about the risk of recurrence related to different types of treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed factors affecting the local recurrence rate in 294 patients with giant cell tumors of the extremities using prospectively collected material from 13 centers. The median follow-up time was 5 (0.2-18) years. RESULTS: A local recurrence was diagnosed in 57 of 294 patients (19%). The overall 5-year local recurrence rate was 0.22. Univariate analysis identified young age and intralesional surgery to be associated with a higher risk of recurrence. Based on multivariate analysis, the relative risk was 2.4-fold for intralesional surgery compared to more extensive operative methods. There was no correlation between tumor size, tumor extension, sex of the patient, tumor location, or fracture at diagnosis and outcome. In the subgroup of 200 patients treated with intralesional surgery, the method of filling (cement or bone) was known for 194 patients and was statistically highly significant in favor of the use of cement. INTERPRETATION: Intralesional surgery should be the first choice in most giant cell tumors, even in the presence of a pathological fracture. After thorough evacuation, the cavity should be filled with cement.
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| 2. |
- Bauer, Georg, et al.
(författare)
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Biologically relevant small radicals
- 2008
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Ingår i: CHIMIA. - : Swiss Chemical Society. - 0009-4293 .- 2673-2424. ; 62:9, s. 704-712
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biologically relevant small radicals are at the focus of the working group 4 (WG4) of the COST Action CM0603 (Free Radicals in Chemical Biology, CHEMBIORADICAL). This article surveys the areas of research being undertaken by the partners in WG4. The character of the radicals is described together with experimental techniques utilized to follow their structure and reactivity. Specifically, C-, S-, N- and O-centered radicals of small size, and their interaction with different biomolecules are described. Processes at the molecular level exemplifying important biological signaling and damaging pathways are introduced.
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| 3. |
- Durakiewicz, T., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of a kink in the dispersion of f-electrons
- 2008
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Ingår i: Europhysics letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 0295-5075 .- 1286-4854. ; 84:3, s. 37003-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Strong interactions in correlated electron systems may result in the formation of heavy quasiparticles that exhibit kinks in their dispersion relation. Spectral weight is incoherently shifted away from the Fermi energy, but Luttinger's theorem requires the Fermi volume to remain constant. Our angle-resolved photoemission study of USb2 reveals a kink in a noncrossing 5f band, representing the first experimental observation of a kink structure in f-electron systems. The kink energy scale of 21 meV and the ultra-small peak width of 3 meV are observed. We propose the novel mechanism of renormalization of a point-like Fermi surface, and that Luttinger's theorem remains applicable.
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| 4. |
- Engström, Katarina, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Liposarcoma: outcome based on the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group register.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 113:7, s. 1649-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The aim was to study the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and outcome of liposarcoma in an unselected, population-based patient sample, and to establish whether treatment was according to the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group (SSG) treatment guidelines. METHODS: The SSG Pathology Board reviewed 319 liposarcoma cases reported between 1986 and 1998. After the review, 237 patients without metastasis were analyzed for local recurrence rate in relation to surgical margins, radiotherapy, occurrence of metastasis, and survival. RESULTS: Seventy-eight percent of the patients were primarily operated on at a sarcoma center, 45% with wide margins. All patients operated on outside the center had nonwide margins. Low-grade lesions constituted 67% of cases. Despite nonwide surgery, only 58% of high-grade lesions were treated with postoperative radiotherapy. The risk of local recurrence after nonwide surgery, without irradiation, was 47% for high-grade lesions. The estimated 10-year, local recurrence-free and metastasis-free survival in the low-grade group was 87% and 95%, respectively. In the high-grade group, it was 75% and 61%, respectively. Independent adverse prognostic factors for local recurrence were surgery outside a sarcoma center and histological type dedifferentiated liposarcoma. For metastases, they were old age, large tumor size, high grade, and histological type myxoid liposarcoma with a round cell component. Radiotherapy showed significant effect on local recurrence rate for the same grade and margin. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with liposarcoma should be treated at specialized centers. Postoperative radiotherapy decreases the local recurrence rate. To maintain quality and provide support for further trials, reporting to quality registers is crucial.
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| 5. |
- Gelderman, Kyra, et al.
(författare)
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Rheumatoid arthritis: The role of reactive oxygen species in disease development and therapeutic strategies
- 2007
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Ingår i: Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1557-7716 .- 1523-0864. ; 9:10, s. 1541-1567
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are chronic diseases that cannot be prevented or cured. If the pathologic basis of such diseases would be known, it might be easier to develop new drugs interfering with critical pathways. Genetic analysis of animal models for autoimmune diseases can result in discovery of proteins and pathways that play a key function in pathogenesis, which may provide rationales for new therapeutic strategies. Currently, only the MHC class II is clearly associated with human RA and animal models for RA. However, recent data from rats and mice with a polymorphism in Ncf1, a member of the NADPH oxidase complex, indicate a role for oxidative burst in protection from arthritis. Oxidative burst-activating substances can treat and prevent arthritis in rats, as efficiently as clinically applied drugs, suggesting a novel pathway to a therapeutic target in human RA. Here, the authors discuss the role of oxygen radicals in regulating the immune system and autoimmune disease. It is proposed that reactive oxygen species set the threshold for T cell activation and thereby regulate chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases like RA. In the light of this new hypothesis, new possibilities for preventive and therapeutic treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases are discussed.
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| 6. |
- Graham, R. Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Three functional variants of IFN regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) define risk and protective haplotypes for human lupus
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 104:16, s. 6758-6763
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Systematic genome-wide studies to map genomic regions associated with human diseases are becoming more practical. Increasingly, efforts will be focused on the identification of the specific functional variants responsible for the disease. The challenges of identifying causal variants include the need for complete ascertainment of genetic variants and the need to consider the possibility of multiple causal alleles. We recently reported that risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is strongly associated with a common SNP in IFN regulatory factor 5 (IRF5), and that this variant altered spicing in a way that might provide a functional explanation for the reproducible association to SLE risk. Here, by resequencing and genotyping in patients with SLE, we find evidence for three functional alleles of IRF5: the previously described exon 1B splice site variant, a 30-bp in-frame insertion/deletion variant of exon 6 that alters a proline-, glutamic acid-, serine- and threonine-rich domain region, and a variant in a conserved polyA+ signal sequence that alters the length of the 3' UTR and stability of IRF5 mRNAs. Haplotypes of these three variants define at least three distinct levels of risk to SLE. Understanding how combinations of variants influence IRF5 function may offer etiological and therapeutic insights in SLE; more generally, IRF5 and SLE illustrates how multiple common variants of the same gene can together influence risk of common disease.
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| 7. |
- Hirche, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive interface for text input on large-scale interactive surfaces
- 2008
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Ingår i: 2008 IEEE International Workshop on Horizontal Interactive Human-Computer System. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781424428977 ; , s. 163-166
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present a novel approach to text input on large interactive surfaces using a combination of strategies to resolve the inherent difficulties with text input on such a device. Instead of using a conventional full size QWERTY based layout, the idea is to use a very limited set of buttons that, by using word prediction and hints, would only require minimal finger movement. The input mechanism is somewhat related to input methods employed when using keyboards with a limited size and amount of keys, commonly found in phones and other 10 digit keyboards. Given that the main motivation to this approach was not the limited size but rather to overcome the difficult task of locating keys with fingers on a flat and featureless surface, making touchtyping very difficult and requiring frequent visual monitoring of the finger position, we opted to enhance the interaction with easily made gestures, a layout that adapts to the hand anatomy of the user, and easy control over the text prediction.
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| 8. |
- Rusz, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Probing the electronic structure of pure and doped CeMIn5 (M=Co,Rh,Ir) crystals with nuclear quadrupolar resonance
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 77:24, s. 245124-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report calculations of the electric-field gradients (EFGs) in pure and doped CeMIn5 (M=Co, Rh, and Ir) compounds and compare with experiment. The degree to which the Ce 4f electron is localized is treated within various models: the local-density approximation, generalized gradient approximation (GGA), GGA+U, and 4f-core approaches. We find that there is a correlation between the observed EFG and whether the 4f electron participates in the band formation or not. We also find that the EFG evolves linearly with Sn doping in CeRhIn5, suggesting the electronic structure is modified by doping. In contrast, the observed EFG in CeCoIn5 doped with Cd changes little with doping. These results indicate that nuclear quadrupolar resonance is a sensitive probe of electronic structure.
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| 9. |
- Sileikiene, Vaida, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of ileal infusion of short-chain fatty acids on pancreatic prandial secretion and gastrointestinal hormones in pigs
- 2008
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Ingår i: Pancreas. - 0885-3177. ; 37:2, s. 196-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Nutrients passing the ileum induce mechanisms regulating pancreatic secretion, but the effect of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) present in the ileum because of either intestinal fermentation or due to the cecoileal reflux is still unclear. This study investigated the effect of ileal SCFAs on pancreatic secretion and plasma levels of peptide YY, cholecystokinin, motilin, and neurotensin. Methods: The pigs were fitted with pancreatic duct, ileal, and jugular vein catheters, and a duodenal T-shaped cannula. Saline, 85.0 or 170.0 mM acetate, 5.0 or 10.0 mM butyrate, 7.5 or 15.0 mM propionate were infused into the ileum during feeding. Results: The ileal infusions of SCFAs did not affect the pancreatic juice outflow and the lipase output. The protein output was lower when 10.0 mM butyrate or 170.0 mM acetate were infused. The trypsin output decreased for most of the SCFA infusions. The alpha-amylase output decreased for the infusion of 10.0 mM butyrate and tended to decrease for 170.0 mM acetate. The infusions did not change gut hormone level. Conclusions: Ileal SCFAs might induce an inhibition of pancreatic enzyme secretion under prandial conditions. Ileal SCFAs do not inhibit pancreatic secretion by a hormonal pathway involving the release of peptide YY, motilin, neurotensin, or cholecystokinin.
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| 10. |
- Vult von Steyern, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of local recurrences of giant cell tumour in long bones after curettage and cementing. A Scandinavian Sarcoma Group study.
- 2006
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Ingår i: The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume. - 0301-620X .- 2044-5377. ; 88:4, s. 531-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We retrospectively studied local recurrence of giant cell tumour in long bones following treatment with curettage and cementing in 137 patients. The median follow-up time was 60 months (3 to 166). A total of 19 patients (14%) had at least one local recurrence, the first was diagnosed at a median of 17 months (3 to 29) after treatment of the primary tumour. There were 13 patients with a total of 15 local recurrences who were successfully treated by further curettage and cementing. Two patients with a second local recurrence were consequently treated twice. At the last follow-up, at a median of 53 months (3 to 128) after the most recent operation, all patients were free from disease and had good function. We concluded that local recurrence of giant cell tumour after curettage and cementing in long bones can generally be successfully treated with further curettage and cementing, with only a minor risk of increased morbidity. This suggests that more extensive surgery for the primary tumour in an attempt to obtain wide margins is not the method of choice, since it leaves the patient with higher morbidity with no significant gain with respect to cure of the disease.
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