| 1. |
- Hussmann, G.A., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of solution structure near the surface of a growing crystal by Raman spectroscopy
- 1984
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Ingår i: Industrial crystallization 84. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0444424067 ; , s. 21-26
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In situ structure analyses of the supersaturated aqueous NaNO//3 solution near a growing NaNO//3 crystal have been performed using micro Raman spectroscopy. It was observed that the relative concentrations of higher ordered species (contact-ion pairs, and ion aggregates) are diminished near the growing crystal, indicating that these species are dominant in the diffusion process when compared to free aquated ions or solvent-separated ions. There were no detectable differences between the spectra obtained for saturated and supersaturated solutions.
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| 2. |
- McMahon, Paula M., et al.
(författare)
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Raman spectroscopic studies of the structure of supersaturated nitrate and phosphate solutions
- 1984
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser Raman spectroscopy was used to study aqueous solutions of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. Concentrations were varied from dilute to supersaturated. In all cases additional order was found as the concentration was increased. The implications for the relationship between solution structure and crystallization phenomena (nucleation and growth) are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Berglund, Kris, et al.
(författare)
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Growth of contact nuclei of citric acid monohydrate
- 1982
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Ingår i: Nucleation, growth, and impurity effects in crystallization process engineering. - : American Institute of Chemical Engineers. - 0816902267 ; , s. 9-13
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Berglund, Kris, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling of growth rate dispersion of citric acid monohydrate in continuous crystallizers
- 1984
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Ingår i: AIChE Journal. - : Wiley. - 0001-1541 .- 1547-5905. ; 30:2, s. 280-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A mathematical model for prediction of the crystal size distribution from a continuous crystallizer is presented. The kinetic data used for the model were obtained from batch contact nucleation experiments with citric acid monohydrate. In these experiments, the distribution of growth rates as well as the initial size distribution were estimated. Results from the model indicate that the excess number of crystals usually present at small sizes in continuous crystallizers is due to growth rate dispersion (where crystals of the same size may have different growth rates) and not size dependent growth.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- McMahon, P.M., et al.
(författare)
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Raman spectroscopic studies of the structure of supersaturated KNO//3 solutions
- 1984
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Ingår i: Industrial Crystallization 84. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0444424067 ; , s. 229-232
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser Raman spectroscopy was used to study the nu //1 (A//1) band of aqueous potassium nitrate solution. The purpose was to establish the relationship between solution structure, nucleation and growth. Two bands were determined that exist at 1049 cm** minus **1 (the free nitrate ion) and 1050. 5 cm** minus **1 (a more ordered species). The band at 1050. 5 cm** minus **1 increased in magnitude as concentration was increased into the supersaturation region. Solutions containing 200 ppm Cr**3** plus were also studied and this impurity was found to suppress the formation of the species at 1050. 5 cm** minus **1.
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| 7. |
- Sundblad, K., et al.
(författare)
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Sphalerite geobarometry and arsenopyrite geothermometry applied to metamorphosed sulfide ores in the Swedish Caledonides
- 1984
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Ingår i: Economic geology and the bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists. - : Society of Economic Geologists. - 0361-0128 .- 1554-0774. ; 79:7, s. 1660-1668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metamorphosed massive sulfide deposits in the Swedish Caledonides were investigated using sphalerite geobarometry and arsenopyrite geothermometry. The sphalerite investigations yield pressure estimates of 3 to 5 kb for six deposits from host rocks of greenschist-lower amphibolite facies. A bimodal FeS distribution is apparent for the chlorite-grade deposits whereas the FeS distribution in biotite-grade deposits is unimodal. The arsenopyrite geothermometry is apparently sensitive to high contents (>0.2 wt %) of either of the trace elements Co and Ni, and possibly also of Sb. Temperature estimates for six deposits from the chlorite zone of greenschist facies yield 371 degrees + or - 45 degrees C, whereas one deposit from the biotite zone gives a temperature of 422 degrees + or - 25 degrees C. The pressure and temperature data obtained for the deposits correspond excellently with the metamorphic grade of the host rocks. Thus, sphalerite geobarometry and arsenopyrite geothermometry can be applied successfully to metamorphosed sulfide orebodies if attention is paid to textural relationships and minor element distribution in the minerals investigated
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