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- Bergman, Lotta
(författare)
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Gymnasieskolans svenskämnen. En studie av svenskundervisningen i fyra gymnasieklasser
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation explores how the school subject Swedish is constructed for various groups of upper secondary school students and how the meeting between teacher and pupils is embodied in a range of Swedish subjects. The overall aim of the study is to illustrate why the teaching of Swedish in the classes under investigation takes place the way it does, as well as to discuss possible changes on a more principal basis. Three basic perspectives give a point of departure for the more general argumentation about problems and possibilities that the subject Swedish has to face: social and cultural changes, the importance of communication and meaning-making context, and, finally, the traditions and values contained in the subject. Four different classes participated in the investigation during a period of two years. The empirical material consist mainly of field notes from classroom observations and of qualitative interviews. The result indicates that the teaching of Swedish has a tendency towards the formal training of skills. The content of the reading, writing and spoken exercises that the students meet is subordinate or even irrelevant. Most of the students find it difficult to formulate a satisfactory answer to why fiction is given such priority in the subject Swedish. The significance of literature in the classroom is reduced when reading simply becomes a process in skills training. The school subject Swedish is affected by the cultural changes. One teacher strategy is to counteract the influence of new media by adhering to a more traditional content, another to give some space to other kinds of textual and experiential worlds. Still, however, the teaching of Swedish remains largely faithful to its traditional practices. The study suggests that focus should be moved from language skills in themselves to language use in the quest for knowledge and, furthermore, that literature and other media is to be integrated in everyday teaching. Teachers? most demanding challenge is to discuss and adjust the content in relation to the students? development of knowledge and identity as well as in relation to the students as members of society. The question asked and tasks chosen must engage the students, encourage mutual exchange and give possibilities to form an opinion. It is of crucial importance to include the students? social and cultural experiences as well as the cultural products in their world and to treat them as active participants and citizens in dialogue with others. Such teaching contains the potential to provide the students with democratic experience and a preparedness for acting in the world.
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- Bergman, Lotta
(författare)
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Kulturarvet och en vidgad kultursyn i gymnasieskolans svenskundervisning
- 2005
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Ingår i: Konferens: Kulturstudier i Sverige. Nationell forskarkonferens, 13–15 juni, 2005, Norrköping, Sweden. - : Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings. ; , s. 139-156
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vilka samtal om kultur och kulturarv förs inom ramen för svenskämnet i dagens gymnasieskola? Skolan har traditionellt haft en snäv definition av vad kultur och kulturell kompetens är och risken finns att en sådan definition fungerar exkluderande och därmed förstärker de skillnader som finns i elevers olika förutsättningar att finna mening i och lyckas med sina studier. En vilja att vidga text- och kulturbegreppet och ett närmande till ungdomars egen kulturförståelse kan spåras i gymnasieskolans kursplaner för svenskämnet. Vilket kulturellt innehåll som ungdomar från olika gymnasieprogram möter i den faktiska undervisningen och varför detta innehåll väljs är frågor jag söker svar på i mitt avhandlingsprojekt. Jag undersöker också i vilken utsträckning ungdomarna bjuds in i samtal, muntliga eller skriftliga, om kulturellt betydelsefulla frågor i vår tid, samtal där unga människors intressen och erfarenheter tas till vara? Min empiriska studie bygger på intervjuer med lärare och elever från olika gymnasieprogram och observationer i den klassrumspraktik där svenskämnets innehåll förhandlas och gestaltas.
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- Bergman, Lotta, et al.
(författare)
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Makt, mening, motstånd : Litteraturundervisningens dilemman och möjligheter
- 2009
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Boken ger fyra forskares perspektiv på elevers litteraturläsning och skrivutveckling. Författarna diskuterar svenskämnets djupare mening, litteraturens värde och de grundläggande frågorna om varför lärare och elever ska läsa tillsammans och hur de läser.
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- Christiansson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in aircraft cabins - A source of human exposure?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1298 .- 0045-6535. ; 73:10, s. 1654-1660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Commercial aircrafts need a high degree of fire protection for passenger safety. Brominated flame retardants (BFRs), including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), may be used for this purpose. Because PBDEs readily absorb to dust particles, aircraft crew and passengers may receive significant PBDEs exposure via inhalation. The aims of this work were to assess whether PBDEs could be found in aircraft cabin dust and whether serum levels of PBDEs increased in passengers after long-distance flights. Hence nine subjects on intercontinental flights collected cabin dust samples, as well as donated blood samples before departure and after return to Sweden. Two subjects who were domestic frequent flyers were also investigated. The levels of PBDEs in dust and serum were determined by GC/MS in electron capture negative ionization (ECNI) mode. Authentic reference substances were used for identification and quantitation. PBDEs were found in all aircraft dust samples at high concentrations, higher than in common household dust. Congener patterns indicated that the technical products PentaBDE, OctaBDE and DecaBDE were used in the aircrafts. Serum concentrations in the travellers were similar to those observed in Swedish residents in general. Post-travel serum levels of BDE-28. BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, and BDE-154 were significantly higher(p<0.05) than concentrations prior to travel. The findings from this pilot study call for investigations of occupational exposures to PBDEs in cabin and cockpit crews. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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- Hermansson, Veronica, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmacokinetics of the adrenocorticolytic compounds 3-methylsulphonyl-DDE and o,p′-DDD (mitotane) in Minipigs
- 2008
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Ingår i: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0344-5704 .- 1432-0843. ; 61:2, s. 267-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pharmacokinetics of the adrenocorticolytic drug candidate 3-Methylsulphonyl-DDE (3-MeSO2-DDE) and the anticancer drug o,p′-DDD (mitotane) were studied in Göttingen minipigs. The animals were given 3-MeSO2-DDE or o,p′-DDD as single oral doses (30 mg/kg). Concentrations in plasma and subcutaneous fat were measured by gas chromatography at different time points during 180 days. Maximal plasma concentrations appeared within 24 h for both compounds, but were about 2 times higher for 3-MeSO2-DDE. o,p′-DDD plasma concentrations declined rapidly to low levels during 4 days. 3-MeSO2-DDE also decreased rapidly, but remained at high concentrations throughout the study. In fat, 3-MeSO2-DDE reached about 25-fold higher levels than o,p′-DDD at 30 days, and both substances were eliminated slowly from this tissue. 3-MeSO2-DDE liver concentrations were about 18-fold higher than those in plasma at 180 days. In contrast, o,p′-DDD liver and plasma levels were about equal at 180 days. o,p′-DDD had roughly 45 times larger CL/F than 3-MeSO2-DDE, confirming that the elimination of this compound was more rapid. Both compounds were characterised by their localisation and retention in fat tissue, and the individual size of the fat stores clearly determined the plasma concentrations. It is concluded that although 3-MeSO 2-DDE is an interesting candidate for therapeutic use due to its potential characteristics to specifically target adrenocortical tumour cells the slow elimination of the compound might make it challenging to design appropriate dosage regimes.
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- Hofvander, Lotta, 1965-
(författare)
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Polychlorinated biphenyls and their metabolites in human blood : Method development, identification and quantification
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PCBs are well known environmental pollutants. They are also precursors to metabolites, as the hydroxy-PCBs and the methylsulfonyl-PCBs. This thesis presents a validated methodology for analysis of PCB metabolites and a structural identification of 38 hydroxy-PCBs in human blood. Further methodological development resulted in an identification of a similar number of methylsulfonyl-PCBs.The analytical method has been applied in two extensive studies of humans, consisting of maternal and cord blood from Dutch women and of blood from humans living in Slovakia. The Dutch shows that the relative transfer of hydroxy-PCBs from the mother to the foetus is higher compared to the PCBs. Even though the chemical plant in Michalovce in Slovakia had been shut down for over 20 years, the concentrations of PCB and its metabolites were among the highest detected in European human blood.
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