| 1. |
- Oldgren, Jonas, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation estimated risk and prevalent subclinical atherosclerosis in coronary and carotid arteries: A population-based cohort analysis from the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 28:3, s. 250-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background It is not clear if the European Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation algorithm is useful for identifying prevalent subclinical atherosclerosis in a population of apparently healthy individuals. Our aim was to explore the association between the risk estimates from Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation and prevalent subclinical atherosclerosis. Design The design of this study was as a cross-sectional analysis from a population-based study cohort. Methods From the general population, the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study randomly invited individuals aged 50-64 years and enrolled 13,411 participants mean age 57 (standard deviation 4.3) years; 46% males between November 2013-December 2016. Associations between Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation risk estimates and coronary artery calcification and plaques in the carotid arteries by using imaging data from a computed tomography of the heart and ultrasonography of the carotid arteries were examined. Results Coronary calcification was present in 39.5% and carotid plaque in 56.0%. In men, coronary artery calcium score >0 ranged from 40.7-65.9% and presence of carotid plaques from 54.5% to 72.8% in the age group 50-54 and 60-65 years, respectively. In women, the corresponding difference was from 17.1-38.9% and from 41.0-58.4%. A doubling of Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation was associated with an increased probability to have coronary artery calcium score >0 (odds ratio: 2.18 (95% confidence interval 2.07-2.30)) and to have >1 carotid plaques (1.67 (1.61-1.74)). Conclusion Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation estimated risk is associated with prevalent subclinical atherosclerosis in two major vascular beds in a general population sample without established cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus. Thus, the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation risk chart may be of use for estimating the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis.
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| 2. |
- Sundström, Johan, Professor, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Weight gain and blood pressure
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0263-6352 .- 1473-5598. ; 38:3, s. 387-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Although the causality of the obesity—hypertension association is established, the potential for prevention is not. We hypothesized that weight gain between early adulthood and mid-life is associated with higher mid-life blood pressure.METHODS: We investigated the hypothesis using a large contemporaneous population-based mid-life cohort of men and women aged 50-64 years. Recalled body weight at age 20 years was self-reported, and mid-life body weight and office blood pressures were measured in accordance with a detailed protocol.RESULTS: On average, men had gained 14.9 (95% CI 14.6-15.2) kg of weight, and women 14.6 (95% CI 14.4-14.9) kg, between age 20 years and the mid-life examination, corresponding to 0.40 (95% CI 0.39-0.41) kg/year for men and women. Both weight at age 20 years and weight at the mid-life examination were associated with mid-life blood pressures. On average, a 10 kg weight increase between age 20 years and mid-life was associated with 2.2 (95% CI 0.9-3.5) mmHg higher systolic and 1.7 (95% CI 0.9-2.5) mmHg higher diastolic mid-life blood pressure in men, and 3.2 (2.5-4.0) mmHg higher systolic and 2.4 (1.9-2.9) mmHg higher diastolic mid-life blood pressure in women. Mid-life weight was more closely associated than weight at age 20 years with mid-life blood pressure. For a given mid-life weight, blood pressure was higher in persons with higher weight gain from age 20 years.CONCLUSION: In sum, weight gain between early adulthood and mid-life was associated with higher mid-life blood pressure. The magnitude of the association indicates a potentially great public health impact of strategies to prevent weight gain throughout adulthood.
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| 3. |
- Bergström, Annika, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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E-books: In the shadow of print
- 2020
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Ingår i: Convergence. The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies. - : SAGE Publications. - 1354-8565 .- 1748-7382. ; 26:4, s. 895-911
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The e-book has gained a large number of readers in many countries. However, the growth rate, as well as the market penetration of e-books, varies considerably between countries and language areas. In the United States and other English-speaking countries, the use of e-books is more widespread than in many European countries, such as Sweden. In both the United States and Swedish markets, the growth rate has slowed down during the latest 2 years, and the majority of readers still seem to prefer printed books. This article aims to reveal the relationship between attitudes and use of e-books and to contextualize this in relation to socio-demographic background, library use and reading habits. The results, based on national, representative surveys in Sweden during 2013 and 2014, show that people’s attitudes are a significant and important factor for the choice of e-books instead of print, but this is probably a two-way relationship. It is also evident that e-books serve a complementary rather than displacement function in relation to print.
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| 4. |
- Bergström, Annika, 1964
(författare)
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Exploring digital divides in older adults’ news consumption
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nordicom Review. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1403-1108 .- 2001-5119. ; 41:2, s. 163-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Media structure is rapidly steering towards digital formats and distribution. Meanwhile, many Western societies have ageing populations, where older adults are less digitally active than the population at large. This, combined with the fact that the news media are crucial in providing information and fostering engagement and cohesion, means that the news consumption of older adults deserves scholarly attention. Based on national representative surveys, this article analyses the use of traditional and digital news among people aged 66 to 85 between 2014 and 2018. The findings show that the overall reading of newspapers is decreasing among pensioners of all ages, whereas radio and television news both have rather stable audience shares. Despite the overall decline of newspaper reading, the reading of digital newspapers is becoming more common, and digital newspapers seem, to some extent, to have replaced printed newspapers. Concerning factors explaining digital news consumption among the 65+ group, general Internet habits, sex, and political interest are shown to be the most important.
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| 5. |
- Bergström, Annika, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Får äldre vara med i mediesamhället? Rapport 19 Delegationen för senior arbetskraft S 2018:10
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den bild som medierna ger av äldre har betydelse för hur vi förstår och hanterar livets senare skeden. Medier kan bekräfta, förstärka eller utmana stereotypa föreställningar om människor, och detta gäller inte minst synen på ålder och äldres roll i samhället. En fjärdedel av befolkningen är över 60 år, men i det breda medieutbudet förekommer de sällan. Osynliggörandet är något som kan påverka självbilden hos äldre, men också andra generationers synsätt och attityder. Huvudslutsatsen i rapporten är att mediebilden av äldre är problematisk och riskerar att bidra till diskriminering. Medierna pratar ofta om äldre som en svag och homogen grupp, när det i själva verket finns stora variationer inom gruppen. En förklaring till den ensidiga mediebilden kan vara att journalisters och medieproducenters kunskapsnivå kring äldre är låg. Vidare är ålder en av de viktigaste faktorerna när det gäller att förstå hur digitala klyftor uppstår och vidmakthålls. Digitaliseringen ger tillgång till ett ständigt ökande utbud av tjänster via nätet, vilket kan underlätta människors vardag, men också skapa stress om den upplevs som dyr, otillgänglig och komplicerad. Utifrån den äldre medborgarens perspektiv kan digitaliseringen innebära fördelar om man själv är aktiv och har möjlighet att skaffa sig de varor och tjänster man är intresserad av. För vissa äldre kan digitaliseringen däremot innebära nackdelar om krav ställs på att samhällsservice ska ske på sådant sätt som kräver dator, internetuppkoppling och smartphone. Rapporten är fri att ladda ner, open access.
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| 6. |
- Bergström, Annika, 1964
(författare)
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Internet – en kompanjon i vardagen
- 2020
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Ingår i: Digitala är vi allihopa?. - Göteborg : SOM-institutet, Göteborgs universitet. - 0284-4788. - 9789189673489 ; , s. 35-44
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nästan alla använder internet men vi vet förhållandevis lite om hur de ser på nätet och på sin egen användning. Att vara digital kan ju vara en konsekvens av att man finner nytta och nöje i användningen, men det kan också finnas grupper av användare som i grunden ser problem och där användningen är en följd av försämrad service och tillgänglighet på analoga sätt. Uppfattningar om internet och användningen av digitala medier förknippas med såväl egna erfarenheter som traditionella sociodemografiska bakgrundsfaktorer. Den västsvenska SOM-undersökningen 2019 visar att användare överlag är positiva till internet och sin egen användning. Internet ses tveklöst som en bra källa till lärdom, medan uppfattningarna om hur tekniken tar plats i vardagslivet varierar. Mer frekventa användare har mer positiv inställning, men de yngsta, som är de mest frekventa användarna, står i störst utsträckning bakom funderingar kring om internet tar för mycket tid och om användningen skulle begränsas.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bergström, Göran, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of Subclinical Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in the General Population
- 2021
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Ingår i: Circulation. - Philadelphia : American Heart Association. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 144:12, s. 916-929
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Early detection of coronary atherosclerosis using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), in addition to coronary artery calcification (CAC) scoring, may help inform prevention strategies. We used CCTA to determine the prevalence, severity, and characteristics of coronary atherosclerosis and its association with CAC scores in a general population.Methods: We recruited 30 154 randomly invited individuals age 50 to 64 years to SCAPIS (the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study). The study includes individuals without known coronary heart disease (ie, no previous myocardial infarctions or cardiac procedures) and with high-quality results from CCTA and CAC imaging performed using dedicated dual-source CT scanners. Noncontrast images were scored for CAC. CCTA images were visually read and scored for coronary atherosclerosis per segment (defined as no atherosclerosis, 1% to 49% stenosis, or ≥50% stenosis). External validity of prevalence estimates was evaluated using inverse probability for participation weighting and Swedish register data.Results: In total, 25 182 individuals without known coronary heart disease were included (50.6% women). Any CCTA-detected atherosclerosis was found in 42.1%; any significant stenosis (≥50%) in 5.2%; left main, proximal left anterior descending artery, or 3-vessel disease in 1.9%; and any noncalcified plaques in 8.3% of this population. Onset of atherosclerosis was delayed on average by 10 years in women. Atherosclerosis was more prevalent in older individuals and predominantly found in the proximal left anterior descending artery. Prevalence of CCTA-detected atherosclerosis increased with increasing CAC scores. Among those with a CAC score >400, all had atherosclerosis and 45.7% had significant stenosis. In those with 0 CAC, 5.5% had atherosclerosis and 0.4% had significant stenosis. In participants with 0 CAC and intermediate 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease according to the pooled cohort equation, 9.2% had CCTA-verified atherosclerosis. Prevalence estimates had excellent external validity and changed marginally when adjusted to the age-matched Swedish background population.Conclusions: Using CCTA in a large, random sample of the general population without established disease, we showed that silent coronary atherosclerosis is common in this population. High CAC scores convey a significant probability of substantial stenosis, and 0 CAC does not exclude atherosclerosis, particularly in those at higher baseline risk.
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| 9. |
- Djekic, Demir, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Social Support and Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease in Middle-Aged Men and Women: Findings from the Pilot of Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social support has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), particularly in individuals who have sustained a cardiovascular event. This study investigated the relationship between social support and subclinical CAD among 1067 healthy middle-aged men and women. Social support was assessed with validated social integration and emotional attachment measures. Subclinical CAD was assessed as a coronary artery calcium score (CACS) using computed tomography. There was no association between social support and CACS in men. In women, low social support was strongly linked to cardiovascular risk factors, high levels of inflammatory markers, and CACS > 0. In a logistic regression model, after adjustment for 12 cardiovascular risk factors, the odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) for CACS > 0 in women with the lowest social integration, emotional attachment, and social support groups (reference: highest corresponding group) were 2.47 (1.23-5.12), 1.87 (0.93-3.59), and 4.28 (1.52-12.28), respectively. Using a machine learning approach (random forest), social integration was the fourth (out of 12) most important risk factor for CACS > 0 in women. Women with lower compared to higher or moderate social integration levels were about 14 years older in "vascular age". This study showed an association between lack of social support and subclinical CAD in middle-aged women, but not in men. Lack of social support may affect the atherosclerotic process and identify individuals vulnerable to CAD events.
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| 10. |
- Dodig-Crnkovic, Tea, et al.
(författare)
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Facets of individual-specific health signatures determined from longitudinal plasma proteome profiling
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ebiomedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3964. ; 57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Precision medicine approaches aim to tackle diseases on an individual level through molecular profiling. Despite the growing knowledge about diseases and the reported diversity of molecular phenotypes, the descriptions of human health on an individual level have been far less elaborate. Methods: To provide insights into the longitudinal protein signatures of well-being, we profiled blood plasma collected over one year from 101 clinically healthy individuals using multiplexed antibody assays. After applying an antibody validation scheme, we utilized > 700 protein profiles for in-depth analyses of the individuals' short-term health trajectories. Findings: We found signatures of circulating proteomes to be highly individual-specific. Considering technical and longitudinal variability, we observed that 49% of the protein profiles were stable over one year. We also identified eight networks of proteins in which 11-242 proteins covaried over time. For each participant, there were unique protein profiles of which some could be explained by associations to genetic variants. Interpretation: This observational and non-interventional study identifyed noticeable diversity among clinically healthy subjects, and facets of individual-specific signatures emerged by monitoring the variability of the circulating proteomes over time. To enable more personal hence precise assessments of health states, longitudinal profiling of circulating proteomes can provide a valuable component for precision medicine approaches.
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